The thesis presents a comprehensive and detailed exploration into the field of Internet of Things (IoT) interoperability, focusing on the integration and seamless communication between MQTT and CoAP protocols. The work begins with a robust process of analysis of these protocols, recognizing their unique characteristics and the challenges related to their cooperation. The core of the research lies in the innovative extension developed for the MQTT broker to support CoAP protocol functionalities, enabling devices that use these distinct protocols to communicate efficiently. This extension represents a significant technical advancement, as it bridges the operational differences between MQTT's publish-subscribe model and CoAP's request-response pattern. The methodology involves extending the MQTT broker with a CoAP server component, capable of interacting with the data stored, intercepting MQTT messages, and making them available to CoAP devices. A functional mapping is designed to handle CoAP requests and adapt them to the MQTT logic. Given the paramount importance of security, proper schemes for authorization and encryption were implemented in both protocols. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, multiple scenarios were configured that tested the interaction of the protocols under different security conditions, payload length variations and packet loss conditions. Performance evaluation was conducted rigorously, recording and analyzing metrics such as latency, CPU and memory utilization. The results from the experimental analysis demonstrated excellent performance in terms of latency, indicating that the cooperation performs comparably to the protocols themselves. Moreover, the resource consumption analysis revealed that the extension operates efficiently, ensuring that the added interoperability capabilities do not degrade the overall system performance. In conclusion, the successful development and testing of the MQTT broker extension mark a pivotal step towards achieving a more integrated and cohesive IoT ecosystem.
La tesi presenta un'esplorazione completa e dettagliata nel campo dell'interoperabilità dell'Internet of Things (IoT), concentrandosi sulla cooperazione tra i protocolli MQTT e CoAP. Il lavoro ha inizio con un processo di analisi dei protocolli, riconoscendo le loro caratteristiche uniche e le sfide legate alla loro cooperazione. Il cuore della ricerca risiede nell'innovativa estensione sviluppata per il broker MQTT atta a supportare le funzionalità del protocollo CoAP, consentendo ai dispositivi che utilizzano questi protocolli distinti di comunicare in modo efficiente. Questa estensione rappresenta un significativo progresso tecnico in quanto colma le differenze operative tra il modello publish-subscribe di MQTT e il modello request-response di CoAP. La metodologia prevede l'estensione del broker MQTT con un server CoAP, in grado di interagire con i dati memorizzati, intercettare i messaggi MQTT e renderli disponibili ai dispositivi CoAP. È stata progettata una mappatura funzionale per gestire le richieste CoAP e adattarle alla logica MQTT. Data l'importanza fondamentale della sicurezza, in entrambi i protocolli sono stati implementati schemi adeguati di autorizzazione e crittografia. Infine, per convalidare l'efficacia della soluzione proposta, sono stati configurati molteplici scenari atti a testare l'interazione dei protocolli in diverse condizioni di sicurezza, variazioni della lunghezza del payload e condizioni di perdita dei pacchetti. La valutazione delle prestazioni è stata condotta in modo rigoroso, registrando e analizzando metriche quali la latenza, l'utilizzo della CPU e della memoria. I risultati dell'analisi sperimentale hanno dimostrato prestazioni eccellenti in termini di latenza, indicando che la cooperazione ha prestazioni comparabili a quelle dei protocolli stessi. Inoltre, l'analisi del consumo di risorse ha rivelato che l'estensione opera in modo efficiente, garantendo che le capacità di interoperabilità aggiunte non degradino le prestazioni complessive del sistema. In conclusione, il successo dello sviluppo e dei test dell'estensione segna un passo fondamentale verso la realizzazione di un ecosistema IoT più integrato e coeso.
Bridging CoAP and MQTT for a seamless integration
Bruni, Paolo
2022/2023
Abstract
The thesis presents a comprehensive and detailed exploration into the field of Internet of Things (IoT) interoperability, focusing on the integration and seamless communication between MQTT and CoAP protocols. The work begins with a robust process of analysis of these protocols, recognizing their unique characteristics and the challenges related to their cooperation. The core of the research lies in the innovative extension developed for the MQTT broker to support CoAP protocol functionalities, enabling devices that use these distinct protocols to communicate efficiently. This extension represents a significant technical advancement, as it bridges the operational differences between MQTT's publish-subscribe model and CoAP's request-response pattern. The methodology involves extending the MQTT broker with a CoAP server component, capable of interacting with the data stored, intercepting MQTT messages, and making them available to CoAP devices. A functional mapping is designed to handle CoAP requests and adapt them to the MQTT logic. Given the paramount importance of security, proper schemes for authorization and encryption were implemented in both protocols. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, multiple scenarios were configured that tested the interaction of the protocols under different security conditions, payload length variations and packet loss conditions. Performance evaluation was conducted rigorously, recording and analyzing metrics such as latency, CPU and memory utilization. The results from the experimental analysis demonstrated excellent performance in terms of latency, indicating that the cooperation performs comparably to the protocols themselves. Moreover, the resource consumption analysis revealed that the extension operates efficiently, ensuring that the added interoperability capabilities do not degrade the overall system performance. In conclusion, the successful development and testing of the MQTT broker extension mark a pivotal step towards achieving a more integrated and cohesive IoT ecosystem.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_04_Bruni.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/217637