Surplus, Waste, and Discards (FSWD) are generated throughout the Food Supply Chain (FSC), posing significant threats to global food sustainability. Moreover, the presence of FSWD, coupled with people experiencing food insecurity, constitutes the Food Waste Paradox. The objective of this dissertation lies in the understanding of FSWD generation and management in the Italian food transformation industry. A qualitative multiple case studies research method was adopted, involving ten semi-structured interviews conducted with Italian food transformation businesses. The first part of the study focuses on the causes of FSWD generation, employing a confirmatory approach. The analysis is built upon a systematic categorization, derived from the literature review, of all factors contributing to FSWD generation in the specific FSC stage of food transformation. They encompass Internal operations and organization, Technology, Supply chain management, Quality standards, and Exogenous factors. The deductive coding of interviews aimed at providing specific insights to the research context of Italian food transformation. Among the most relevant factors, it is highlighted the crucial role of large-scale distribution, consumer, facilities, internal processes, and suppliers. The second part of the study focuses on the identification of drivers and barriers to the adoption of efficient FSWD valorisation practices. These are defined based on the priorities of the Food Waste Hierarchy (FWH). This part of the research, addressing a highly specific aspect of the literature debate, employs an explorative approach. The inductive coding of interviews allowed for theorizing about the decision variables in the adoption of FSWD management practices by Italian food transformation businesses. In addition to Moral attitude, the study reveals that this decision-making primarily hinges on the Economic sustainability of implementing the valorisation, determined by FSWD characteristics and processes, Company characteristics, and External context. The research addresses a highly relevant topic in the context of Circular Economy and food sustainability, offering useful indications in terms of FSWD prevention and valorisation. The analysis provides valuable insights based on the different types of FSWD material, the product categories and sizes of food transformation businesses.
Le eccedenze, gli sprechi, e gli scarti alimentari generati lungo l’intera filiera rappresentano una minaccia alla sostenibilità alimentare globale. Inoltre, la compresenza di eccedenze, scarti e sprechi, e di persone che vivono situazioni di insicurezza alimentare costituisce un paradosso. Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di comprendere come eccedenze, sprechi, e scarti alimentari vengono generati e gestiti nell’industria di trasformazione alimentare italiana. La ricerca adotta una metodologia qualitativa basata su casi di studio multipli, condotti attraverso dieci interviste semi-strutturate ad aziende del settore. La prima parte dello studio si concentra sulle cause di generazione, utilizzando un approccio confermativo. L'analisi si basa su una categorizzazione sistematica, derivante dalla revisione della letteratura, di tutti i fattori che contribuiscono alla generazione di eccedenze, sprechi, e scarti alimentari durante la trasformazione. Questi comprendono Operazioni ed organizzazione interne, Tecnologia, Gestione della catena logistica, Standard qualitativi e Fattori esogeni. La codifica deduttiva delle interviste ha permesso di trarre risultati specifici al contesto di ricerca. Tra i fattori più rilevanti, viene approfondito il ruolo cruciale della grande distribuzione organizzata, del consumatore, delle strutture, dei processi interni, e dei fornitori. La seconda parte dello studio si concentra sull’identificazione di incentivi e disincentivi all’adozione di pratiche di valorizzazione efficienti, definite sulla base delle priorità della Gerarchia degli sprechi alimentari. Questa parte della ricerca, nell’affrontare un aspetto specifico del dibattito in letteratura, adotta un approccio esplorativo. La codifica induttiva delle interviste ha permesso di teorizzare riguardo alle variabili decisionali nella selezione delle pratiche di gestione da parte delle imprese italiane di trasformazione alimentare. Questo processo decisionale, oltre che su Considerazioni morali, si basa principalmente sulla Sostenibilità economica, determinata sulla base di Aspetti operativi, Strategie aziendali e Contesto esterno. La ricerca affronta un argomento di grande rilevanza nel contesto dell'economia circolare e della sostenibilità alimentare, offrendo indicazioni utili in termini di prevenzione e valorizzazione di eccedenze, sprechi, e scarti alimentari. L’analisi fornisce spunti preziosi sulla base delle diverse tipologie di materiale, categorie di prodotto e dimensioni delle aziende di trasformazione alimentare.
Surplus food, food waste and discards in the italian food transformation industry
PUTTI, FRANCESCO
2022/2023
Abstract
Surplus, Waste, and Discards (FSWD) are generated throughout the Food Supply Chain (FSC), posing significant threats to global food sustainability. Moreover, the presence of FSWD, coupled with people experiencing food insecurity, constitutes the Food Waste Paradox. The objective of this dissertation lies in the understanding of FSWD generation and management in the Italian food transformation industry. A qualitative multiple case studies research method was adopted, involving ten semi-structured interviews conducted with Italian food transformation businesses. The first part of the study focuses on the causes of FSWD generation, employing a confirmatory approach. The analysis is built upon a systematic categorization, derived from the literature review, of all factors contributing to FSWD generation in the specific FSC stage of food transformation. They encompass Internal operations and organization, Technology, Supply chain management, Quality standards, and Exogenous factors. The deductive coding of interviews aimed at providing specific insights to the research context of Italian food transformation. Among the most relevant factors, it is highlighted the crucial role of large-scale distribution, consumer, facilities, internal processes, and suppliers. The second part of the study focuses on the identification of drivers and barriers to the adoption of efficient FSWD valorisation practices. These are defined based on the priorities of the Food Waste Hierarchy (FWH). This part of the research, addressing a highly specific aspect of the literature debate, employs an explorative approach. The inductive coding of interviews allowed for theorizing about the decision variables in the adoption of FSWD management practices by Italian food transformation businesses. In addition to Moral attitude, the study reveals that this decision-making primarily hinges on the Economic sustainability of implementing the valorisation, determined by FSWD characteristics and processes, Company characteristics, and External context. The research addresses a highly relevant topic in the context of Circular Economy and food sustainability, offering useful indications in terms of FSWD prevention and valorisation. The analysis provides valuable insights based on the different types of FSWD material, the product categories and sizes of food transformation businesses.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/217679