Occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions must be effective to have lasting effects on the well-being of workers and to be able to design new interventions that are increasingly effective and sustainable in the long term. However, current evidence on the effectiveness of interventions is still limited and predicting their effectiveness during planning and ex-post evaluation is difficult in both cases. This study is based on a systematic literature review that investigates the effectiveness of OSH interventions in different sectors and identifies areas of research for future developments. It is important to understand the long-term outcomes of OSH interventions and what works and for whom it works. Since OSH interventions are not universal, it is essential to understand how they are effective in different contexts. An analysis integrated with a realist evaluation strategy and mechanisms of change with generic and specific OSH factors were used to determine how OSH interventions generate positive outcomes in a given environment. The main objective of this research is to find the underlying factors and mechanisms, which improve the effectiveness of OSH interventions. For this study, a Scopus search was developed which produced 1666 articles. Of these, 1485 were excluded because they did not concern OSH measures. The remaining 181 articles were then evaluated. With the help of a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 96 studies were excluded. The full text of the remaining 85 articles was examined excluding 32 studies. 53 articles were therefore included in the final collection. Following an in-depth analysis of the included articles, the Text Mining technique was used. Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA) was used to group articles by topic. As a result of this analysis, different practical approaches and factors that produce effective outcomes in various OSH contexts have been identified. An approach was used that considered interventions by classifying them as inherent to attitudinal, behavioral and structural changes. At the cluster level, cluster 7, with various preventive interventions, has proven to be effective with easily replicable mechanisms in various environmental settings. The results highlighted numerous indications for future research regarding in particular the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions. Directing research towards greater effectiveness of OSH interventions will, in fact, lead to an improvement in their design, implementation, and evaluation.
È essenziale che gli interventi di sicurezza e la salute sul lavoro (SSL) siano efficaci per avere effetti duraturi sul benessere dei lavoratori e per poter progettare nuovi interventi che siano sempre più efficaci e sostenibili sul lungo periodo. Tuttavia, l’evidenza attuale sull'efficacia degli interventi è ancora poca e prevedere durante la progettazione e valutare ex-post la loro efficacia risulta difficile in entrambi i casi. Questo studio si basa su una analisi sistematica della letteratura che indaga l’efficacia degli interventi di SSL in diversi settori ed identifica aree di ricerca per sviluppi futuri. È opportuno capire i risultati a lungo termine degli interventi di SSL e cosa funziona e per chi funziona. Visto che gli interventi di SSL non sono universali, è fondamentale comprendere come questi siano efficaci in contesti differenti. Un'analisi integrata con una strategia di valutazione realista e con meccanismi di cambio con fattori generici e specifici della SSL sono stati usati per determinare in che modo gli interventi di SSL generano risultati positivi in un dato ambiente. L'obiettivo principale di questa ricerca è di trovare i fattori e i meccanismi sottostanti, che migliorano l’efficacia degli interventi di SSL. Per questo studio, è stata sviluppata una la ricerca su Scopus che ha prodotto 1666 articoli. Di questi 1485 sono stati esclusi perché non riguardavano misure di SSL. Sono stati poi valutati i restanti 181 articoli. Con l'aiuto di una serie di criteri di inclusione ed esclusione, 96 studi sono stati esclusi. L'intero testo dei rimanenti 85 articoli è stato esaminato escludendo 32 studi. 53 articoli sono stati quindi inclusi nella raccolta finale. A seguito di un’ analisi approfondita degli articoli inclusi è stata utilizzata la tecnica del Text Mining. Per raggruppare gli articoli in base all'argomento è stata utilizzata la Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA). Come risultato di questa analisi, sono stati identificati differenti approcci pratici e fattori che producono risultati efficaci in vari contesti di SSL. È stato utilizzato un approccio che ha considerato gli interventi classificandoli come inerenti a cambiamenti attitudinali, comportamentali e strutturali. A livello di cluster, il cluster 7 con vari interventi preventivi si è dimostrato efficace con meccanismi facilmente replicabili in vari contesti ambientali. I risultati hanno evidenziato numerose indicazioni per ricerche future riguardanti in particolar modo l'efficacia a lungo termine, la sostenibilità, degli interventi. Indirizzare la ricerca per una maggiore efficacia degli interventi di SSL comporterà, infatti, un miglioramento nella progettazione, implementazione e valutazione degli stessi.
A latent dirichlet allocation systematic literature review on occupational safety and health intervention effectiveness at the workplace
THILLAI KUMARAN, VIKASH KUMARAN
2023/2024
Abstract
Occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions must be effective to have lasting effects on the well-being of workers and to be able to design new interventions that are increasingly effective and sustainable in the long term. However, current evidence on the effectiveness of interventions is still limited and predicting their effectiveness during planning and ex-post evaluation is difficult in both cases. This study is based on a systematic literature review that investigates the effectiveness of OSH interventions in different sectors and identifies areas of research for future developments. It is important to understand the long-term outcomes of OSH interventions and what works and for whom it works. Since OSH interventions are not universal, it is essential to understand how they are effective in different contexts. An analysis integrated with a realist evaluation strategy and mechanisms of change with generic and specific OSH factors were used to determine how OSH interventions generate positive outcomes in a given environment. The main objective of this research is to find the underlying factors and mechanisms, which improve the effectiveness of OSH interventions. For this study, a Scopus search was developed which produced 1666 articles. Of these, 1485 were excluded because they did not concern OSH measures. The remaining 181 articles were then evaluated. With the help of a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 96 studies were excluded. The full text of the remaining 85 articles was examined excluding 32 studies. 53 articles were therefore included in the final collection. Following an in-depth analysis of the included articles, the Text Mining technique was used. Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA) was used to group articles by topic. As a result of this analysis, different practical approaches and factors that produce effective outcomes in various OSH contexts have been identified. An approach was used that considered interventions by classifying them as inherent to attitudinal, behavioral and structural changes. At the cluster level, cluster 7, with various preventive interventions, has proven to be effective with easily replicable mechanisms in various environmental settings. The results highlighted numerous indications for future research regarding in particular the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions. Directing research towards greater effectiveness of OSH interventions will, in fact, lead to an improvement in their design, implementation, and evaluation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_04_Thillaikumaran.pdf
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Descrizione: Occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions must be effective to have lasting effects on the well-being of workers and to be able to design new interventions that are increasingly effective and sustainable in the long term. However, current evidence on the effectiveness of interventions is still limited and predicting their effectiveness during planning and ex-post evaluation is difficult in both cases. This study is based on a systematic literature review that investigates the effectiveness of OSH interventions in different sectors and identifies areas of research for future developments. It is important to understand the long-term outcomes of OSH interventions and what works and for whom it works. Since OSH interventions are not universal, it is essential to understand how they are effective in different contexts. An analysis integrated with a realist evaluation strategy and mechanisms of change with generic and specific OSH factors were used to determine how OSH interventions generate positive outcomes in a given environment. The main objective of this research is to find the underlying factors and mechanisms, which improve the effectiveness of OSH interventions. For this study, a Scopus search was developed which produced 1666 articles. Of these, 1485 were excluded because they did not concern OSH measures. The remaining 181 articles were then evaluated. With the help of a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 96 studies were excluded. The full text of the remaining 85 articles was examined excluding 32 studies. 53 articles were therefore included in the final collection. Following an in-depth analysis of the included articles, the Text Mining technique was used. Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA) was used to group articles by topic. As a result of this analysis, different practical approaches and factors that produce effective outcomes in various OSH contexts have been identified. An approach was used that considered interventions by classifying them as inherent to attitudinal, behavioral and structural changes. At the cluster level, cluster 7, with various preventive interventions, has proven to be effective with easily replicable mechanisms in various environmental settings. The results highlighted numerous indications for future research regarding in particular the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions. Directing research towards greater effectiveness of OSH interventions will, in fact, lead to an improvement in their design, implementation, and evaluation.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/217708