The Regina Margherita hut represents a symbol for Valsesia and for all mountaineers, being the highest altitude refuge in Europe. Dating back to its last renovation in 2006, a redevelopment project is carried out in the following thesis, in which, in order to solve the identified problems, a building is added adjacent to the existing hut. The architectural design was carried out through a preliminary analysis of existing huts in the alps, which was then developed into a study inherent to the issues within the hut, divided into the categories: danger, users’ comfort, space distribution and design. As a result of these analyses, the project resulted in the decision to maintain mainly the original conformation of the façade of the Regina Margherita hut, replacing the now degraded exterior cladding with new copper cladding. In terms of improving the building from the energy point of view, the decision was made to carry out recladding from the inside combined with the replacement of degraded insulation materials and modifying the floor plans to create more functional rooms with respect to visitor use. The new building, constructed for the purpose of creating new environments for winter use, was designed with a diametrically opposite approach. The design choice was to create a structure that contrasted with the existing part, in terms of materials and form, but at the same time complemented it architecturally. The design took the form of a decagonal floor plan, predominantly glazed on the south facade, so as to encourage the creation of a viewpoint. The roof of the building was designed with an inclination of 20°, to optimize the production of the photovoltaic panels placed on it. Regarding the choice of materials, the aim was to use dry stratigraphy, to reduce construction time and weight for transportation, which is done by helicopter given the altitude of the site. The architectural design is concluded through the construction of a corridor on the southeast front of the building to create a connecting element between the two shelters, as well as an additional viewpoint. Once the architectural design concept was defined, we proceeded through the development of the structural design of the new building. A steel structure was adopted, equipped with metal connections that would allow the optimization of construction time. For the choice of prefabricated materials for the envelope, a database was created, gathering the main European companies producing Off Site Construction solutions in steel and wood. This work was then translated into an analysis and comparison tool to identify the most suitable solution for this project, but also usable in future projects. Subsequently, the design focused on an energy analysis based on the hours of comfort to be provided within the building. First, different stratigraphy configurations were analysed and then proceeded to a study of the type of windows and passive strategies to be adopted for cooling. The individuation of heating hours for the new construction permitted to conclude the analysis with the sizing of heating plant system. Further analysis regarding construction details was performed, verifying the absence of thermal bridges and condensation. The study was concluded through a cost analysis, concerning the transportation of materials used for construction and rehabilitation and with the introduction of a LEED preliminary assessment which shows a guideline to follow to obtain a Gold LEED Certification. The objective of the thesis is to demonstrate how a building that is emblematic for the European Alpine landscape, can be translated into a modern building, while maintaining its identity.
Il rifugio Regina Margherita rappresenta un simbolo per la Valsesia e per tutti gli alpinisti, essendo il rifugio più alto d'Europa. Risalendo la sua ultima ristrutturazione al 2006, nella seguente tesi viene realizzato un progetto di riqualificazione in cui, per risolvere le problematiche individuate, viene aggiunto un edificio adiacente al rifugio esistente. Il progetto architettonico è stato realizzato attraverso un'analisi preliminare dei rifugi esistenti sulle Alpi, che si è poi sviluppata in uno studio inerente alle problematiche presenti all'interno del rifugio, suddivise nelle categorie: pericolosità, comfort degli utenti, distribuzione degli spazi e design. A seguito di queste analisi, il progetto ha portato alla decisione di mantenere principalmente la conformazione originale della facciata del rifugio Regina Margherita, sostituendo il rivestimento esterno ormai degradato con un nuovo rivestimento in rame. Per quanto riguarda il miglioramento dell'edificio dal punto di vista energetico, si è deciso di effettuare un intervento di riqualificazione dall'interno abbinato alla sostituzione dei materiali isolanti degradati e alla modifica delle planimetrie per creare ambienti più funzionali rispetto all'utilizzo da parte dei visitatori. Il nuovo edificio, costruito con lo scopo di creare nuovi ambienti per la fruizione invernale, è stato progettato con un approccio diametralmente opposto. La scelta progettuale è stata quella di creare una struttura che in contrasto con la parte esistente, in termini di materiali e forma, ma che allo stesso tempo la completasse architettonicamente. Il progetto ha assunto la forma di una pianta decagonale, prevalentemente vetrata sulla facciata sud, in modo da favorire la creazione di un punto panoramico. Il tetto dell'edificio è stato progettato con un'inclinazione di 20°, per ottimizzare la produzione dei pannelli fotovoltaici collocati su di esso. Per quanto riguarda la scelta dei materiali, si è voluto utilizzare una stratigrafia a secco, per ridurre i tempi di costruzione e il peso per il trasporto, che avviene in elicottero data l'altitudine del sito. Il progetto architettonico si conclude con la costruzione di un corridoio sul fronte sud-est dell'edificio per creare un elemento di collegamento tra i due rifugi e un ulteriore punto panoramico. Una volta definito il concetto di design architettonico, si è proceduto con lo sviluppo del progetto strutturale del nuovo edificio. È stata adottata una struttura in acciaio, dotata di connessioni metalliche che consentissero di ottimizzare i tempi di costruzione. Per la scelta dei materiali prefabbricati per l'involucro è stato creato un database che raccoglie le principali aziende europee produttrici di soluzioni prefabbricate Off Site Construction in acciaio e legno. Questo lavoro è stato poi tradotto in uno strumento di analisi e confronto per individuare la soluzione più adatta a questo progetto, ma utilizzabile anche in progetti futuri. Successivamente, il progetto si è concentrato su un'analisi energetica basata sulle ore di comfort da garantire all'interno dell'edificio. In primo luogo, sono state analizzate le diverse configurazioni stratigrafiche, per poi procedere allo studio del tipo di finestre e delle strategie passive da adottare per il raffrescamento. L'individuazione delle ore di riscaldamento per la nuova costruzione ha permesso di concludere l'analisi con il dimensionamento dell'impianto di riscaldamento. È stata eseguita un'ulteriore analisi dei dettagli costruttivi, verificando l'assenza di ponti termici e di condensa. Lo studio si è concluso con un'analisi dei costi, relativi al trasporto dei materiali utilizzati per la costruzione e la riabilitazione, e con l'introduzione di una valutazione preliminare LEED che mostra una linea guida da seguire per ottenere la certificazione LEED Gold. L'obiettivo della tesi è dimostrare come un edificio emblematico del paesaggio alpino europeo possa essere tradotto in un edificio moderno, mantenendo la sua identità.
Regina Margherita Hut : recovery project and new construction of the Europe's highest altitude refuge
Piazzoni, Tosca;Pigorini, Silvia
2023/2024
Abstract
The Regina Margherita hut represents a symbol for Valsesia and for all mountaineers, being the highest altitude refuge in Europe. Dating back to its last renovation in 2006, a redevelopment project is carried out in the following thesis, in which, in order to solve the identified problems, a building is added adjacent to the existing hut. The architectural design was carried out through a preliminary analysis of existing huts in the alps, which was then developed into a study inherent to the issues within the hut, divided into the categories: danger, users’ comfort, space distribution and design. As a result of these analyses, the project resulted in the decision to maintain mainly the original conformation of the façade of the Regina Margherita hut, replacing the now degraded exterior cladding with new copper cladding. In terms of improving the building from the energy point of view, the decision was made to carry out recladding from the inside combined with the replacement of degraded insulation materials and modifying the floor plans to create more functional rooms with respect to visitor use. The new building, constructed for the purpose of creating new environments for winter use, was designed with a diametrically opposite approach. The design choice was to create a structure that contrasted with the existing part, in terms of materials and form, but at the same time complemented it architecturally. The design took the form of a decagonal floor plan, predominantly glazed on the south facade, so as to encourage the creation of a viewpoint. The roof of the building was designed with an inclination of 20°, to optimize the production of the photovoltaic panels placed on it. Regarding the choice of materials, the aim was to use dry stratigraphy, to reduce construction time and weight for transportation, which is done by helicopter given the altitude of the site. The architectural design is concluded through the construction of a corridor on the southeast front of the building to create a connecting element between the two shelters, as well as an additional viewpoint. Once the architectural design concept was defined, we proceeded through the development of the structural design of the new building. A steel structure was adopted, equipped with metal connections that would allow the optimization of construction time. For the choice of prefabricated materials for the envelope, a database was created, gathering the main European companies producing Off Site Construction solutions in steel and wood. This work was then translated into an analysis and comparison tool to identify the most suitable solution for this project, but also usable in future projects. Subsequently, the design focused on an energy analysis based on the hours of comfort to be provided within the building. First, different stratigraphy configurations were analysed and then proceeded to a study of the type of windows and passive strategies to be adopted for cooling. The individuation of heating hours for the new construction permitted to conclude the analysis with the sizing of heating plant system. Further analysis regarding construction details was performed, verifying the absence of thermal bridges and condensation. The study was concluded through a cost analysis, concerning the transportation of materials used for construction and rehabilitation and with the introduction of a LEED preliminary assessment which shows a guideline to follow to obtain a Gold LEED Certification. The objective of the thesis is to demonstrate how a building that is emblematic for the European Alpine landscape, can be translated into a modern building, while maintaining its identity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/217992