In response to the rapidly growing demand for online shopping, the grocery retailers are racing to transform their operations to fit the omnichannel business model, integrating fulfilment and inventory across channels. This shift is complicated by the increasing differentiation in online grocery services, presenting challenges for retailers as they strive to adapt. The research explores the development of grocery retailer distribution networks in response to the evolving demand for online grocery services. Through a comprehensive review of academic research, the study assessed the current state of knowledge and identify research gaps in this field. Industry practices were then examined through real-world observations and online order placement experiments. A multinational grocery retailer was selected as a case study to facilitate comparative analysis of retailers' distribution strategies across markets, particularly in Italy and Germany. Process mapping, employing user journey mapping, revealed the level of online orders customization. Findings from academic research and industry practitioners were synthesized to redesign the retailer’s distribution networks. Previous research on omni-channel retailers has predominantly focused on last-mile delivery configuration. However, there was a lack of literature analysing these services from retailers' logistical perspectives. Through a case study, this research highlights retailers offering wide ranges of differentiated services, with the level of order customization emerging as a key differentiator, termed as the order policy. Greater personalization requires complex order fulfilment, underscoring a gap between academic research and industry practice. The study proposes two distribution network configurations for different countries, emphasizing the need for retailers to adapt strategies to suit varying order policies. The configuration in Italy is notably more complex due to its highly customized order policies and the presence of active customers flows within store premises, which impact the role of offline stores. A key aspect of designing omnichannel retailers’ distribution network lies in deciding whether to fulfil orders separately or integrate them with offline stores, considering the sales proportions for all online services provided.
In risposta alla rapida crescita della domanda di acquisti online, i rivenditori si stanno impegnando a trasformare le loro attività per adattarsi al modello di business omnicanale, integrando l'adempimento degli ordini e l'inventario attraverso i canali. Questo cambiamento è reso più complicato dalla crescente differenziazione dei servizi di acquisto online, che rappresenta una sfida per i rivenditori che si sforzano di adattarsi. La ricerca esplora lo sviluppo delle reti di distribuzione dei supermercati in risposta all'evoluzione della domanda di servizi alimentari online. Lo studio ha valutato lo stato attuale delle conoscenze e identificato le lacune della ricerca in questo campo. Le pratiche del settore sono state esaminate attraverso osservazioni reali ed esperimenti di ordini online. È stato scelto un caso di studio di un rivenditore multinazionale per facilitare l'analisi comparativa delle strategie di distribuzione nei vari mercati, in particolare in Italia e in Germania. La mappatura dei processi, utilizzando il sistema user journey mapping, ha rivelato il livello di personalizzazione degli ordini online. I risultati della ricerca accademica e l’applicazione nell’industria sono stati utilizzati per riprogettare le reti di distribuzione del supermercato. Le ricerche precedenti sui rivenditori omnicanale si sono concentrate principalmente sulla configurazione della consegna, ovvero del processo last-mile. Tuttavia, mancava una letteratura che analizzasse questi servizi dal punto di vista logistico. Il caso di studio ha evidenziato che i rivenditori offrono molti tipi di servizi, con il livello di personalizzazione dell'ordine che funge da elemento di differenziazione chiave, definito order policy. Una maggiore personalizzazione richiede un'evasione complessa degli ordini, evidenziando un divario tra la ricerca accademica e la pratica industriale. Lo studio propone due configurazioni di rete distributiva per i diversi paesi, sottolineando la necessità per i rivenditori di adattare le strategie per soddisfare le diverse preferenze di acquisto (order policies). La configurazione in Italia è più complessa poiché le preferenze di acquisto nel mercato sono più flessibili e un maggiore flusso di clienti nel supermercato, che influenzano il ruolo dei negozi fisici. La decisione più importante per la configurazione della rete di distribuzione è se evadere gli ordini separatamente o in maniera integrata con i negozi fisici, in base alle proporzioni di vendita di ciascun canale.
Analysing differentiated online grocery service fulfillment: a comparative analysis between italian and german retailers
Aryadi Sinaga, Khalis Mohammad
2023/2024
Abstract
In response to the rapidly growing demand for online shopping, the grocery retailers are racing to transform their operations to fit the omnichannel business model, integrating fulfilment and inventory across channels. This shift is complicated by the increasing differentiation in online grocery services, presenting challenges for retailers as they strive to adapt. The research explores the development of grocery retailer distribution networks in response to the evolving demand for online grocery services. Through a comprehensive review of academic research, the study assessed the current state of knowledge and identify research gaps in this field. Industry practices were then examined through real-world observations and online order placement experiments. A multinational grocery retailer was selected as a case study to facilitate comparative analysis of retailers' distribution strategies across markets, particularly in Italy and Germany. Process mapping, employing user journey mapping, revealed the level of online orders customization. Findings from academic research and industry practitioners were synthesized to redesign the retailer’s distribution networks. Previous research on omni-channel retailers has predominantly focused on last-mile delivery configuration. However, there was a lack of literature analysing these services from retailers' logistical perspectives. Through a case study, this research highlights retailers offering wide ranges of differentiated services, with the level of order customization emerging as a key differentiator, termed as the order policy. Greater personalization requires complex order fulfilment, underscoring a gap between academic research and industry practice. The study proposes two distribution network configurations for different countries, emphasizing the need for retailers to adapt strategies to suit varying order policies. The configuration in Italy is notably more complex due to its highly customized order policies and the presence of active customers flows within store premises, which impact the role of offline stores. A key aspect of designing omnichannel retailers’ distribution network lies in deciding whether to fulfil orders separately or integrate them with offline stores, considering the sales proportions for all online services provided.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/218266