The integration of cultural heritage diagnostics with materials engineering presents a promising avenue for substantial advancement by embracing shared methodologies and technological approaches. This study focuses on analyzing samples extracted from Leonardo da Vinci's wall masterpiece, "The Last Supper," (courtesy of Archivio Gallone at Politecnico di Milano, as well as Professor Giuseppe Zerbi and the Chemistry and Chemical Engineering department (CMIC) at Politecnico di Milano) employing infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Despite the complexity of the measurements, hindered from the centuries that have passed since the painting was created and the numerous restorations undergone, the effort to develop methodologies for examining these heterogeneous materials remains both intriguing and potentially beneficial for exploring similarly complex materials in the future. The Raman approach is frequently preferred for cultural heritage diagnostics because of its nondestructive nature. However, the presence of fluorescence signals poses a challenge to its effectiveness, necessitating lengthy measurements with no assurance of obtaining useful information. To address this, a method was developed to identify optimal areas of samples for Raman mapping by meticulously mapping both the Rayleigh and fluorescence components. This approach reduces acquisition times and enhances the efficiency of Raman mapping, aiding in the identification of materials utilized by Leonardo da Vinci in his artistic work. Overall, this thesis contributes to the progression of diagnostic techniques for cultural heritage conservation, as well as for similarly intricate materials like nanostructured materials, by providing insights into complex material compositions and spatial distributions.
L'integrazione della diagnostica dei beni culturali con l'ingegneria dei materiali offre l'opportunità di significativi progressi attraverso l'adozione di comuni metodologie e approcci tecnologici. Questo studio si concentra sull'analisi di campioni estratti dal dipinto murario di Leonardo da Vinci, "L'Ultima Cena", (concessione di “Archivio Gallone” come del professor Giuseppe Zerbi e del Chemistry and Chemical Engineering department (CMIC) al Politecnico di Milano) utilizzando tecniche di spettroscopia infrarossa (IR) e Raman. Nonostante la complessità delle misure, a causa dei secoli passati dalla creazione dell’opera e i numerosi restauri, lo sforzo di sviluppare metodologie per esaminare questi materiali eterogenei rimane intrigante e potenzialmente vantaggioso per esplorare materiali altrettanto complessi. L'approccio Raman emerge come metodo di riferimento per la diagnostica dei beni culturali grazie alla sua natura non distruttiva; tuttavia, la presenza di segnali di fluorescenza rappresenta una sfida alla sua efficacia, costringendo a misure prolungate senza alcuna garanzia di ottenere informazioni utili. Per affrontare ciò, è stato ideato un metodo per identificare le aree ottimali dei campioni per la mappatura Raman, mappando accuratamente sia la componente Rayleigh che quella di fluorescenza. Questo approccio consente tempi di acquisizione più brevi e migliora l'efficienza della mappatura Raman nell'identificazione dei materiali utilizzati da Leonardo da Vinci nelle sue imprese artistiche. Nel complesso, questa tesi contribuisce all'avanzamento delle tecniche di diagnostica per la conservazione del patrimonio culturale, come anche per materiali similmente complessi quali possono essere i materiali nanostrutturati, offrendo approfondimenti sulle composizioni complesse dei materiali e sulle distribuzioni spaziali.
A multitechnical analysis of pigments in Leonardo da Vinci's the Last Supper
IANNELLI, GUIDO
2022/2023
Abstract
The integration of cultural heritage diagnostics with materials engineering presents a promising avenue for substantial advancement by embracing shared methodologies and technological approaches. This study focuses on analyzing samples extracted from Leonardo da Vinci's wall masterpiece, "The Last Supper," (courtesy of Archivio Gallone at Politecnico di Milano, as well as Professor Giuseppe Zerbi and the Chemistry and Chemical Engineering department (CMIC) at Politecnico di Milano) employing infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Despite the complexity of the measurements, hindered from the centuries that have passed since the painting was created and the numerous restorations undergone, the effort to develop methodologies for examining these heterogeneous materials remains both intriguing and potentially beneficial for exploring similarly complex materials in the future. The Raman approach is frequently preferred for cultural heritage diagnostics because of its nondestructive nature. However, the presence of fluorescence signals poses a challenge to its effectiveness, necessitating lengthy measurements with no assurance of obtaining useful information. To address this, a method was developed to identify optimal areas of samples for Raman mapping by meticulously mapping both the Rayleigh and fluorescence components. This approach reduces acquisition times and enhances the efficiency of Raman mapping, aiding in the identification of materials utilized by Leonardo da Vinci in his artistic work. Overall, this thesis contributes to the progression of diagnostic techniques for cultural heritage conservation, as well as for similarly intricate materials like nanostructured materials, by providing insights into complex material compositions and spatial distributions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_04_Iannelli_Tesi_01.pdf
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2024_04_Iannelli_Executive Summary_02.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/218535