Atherosclerosis is a chronic-degenerative inflammatory pathology, which consists in the progressive formation of a parietal plaque, called atheroma. This condition particularly affects large and medium caliber arterial vessels, with consequences that can lead to death. The factors involved in the development of an atherosclerotic plaque can be grouped into two categories: systemic risks (smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and alcohol use) and local hemodynamics. By analyzing the most affected regions of the vascular tree, it emerged that atherosclerosis manifests itself primarily in sections characterized by curvatures and bifurcations, where the flow also becomes multidirectional. In the literature there are several devices designed with the aim of investigating the correlation between pathological state and disturbed flow pattern, but none of these are able to reproduce the multidirectionality of the flow nor to solicit tissue samples in addition to the cell monolayer. The Multidirectional Shear Stress Bioreactor (MSSB), designed and built at the Polytechnic of Milan, aims to study the same correlation overcoming the two main limitations just highlighted. The present study focuses on the development of a new system capable of delivering pressure gradients, in collaboration with Imperial College London. This system, called Ouroboros system, aims to reproduce controlled flow patterns, integrating itself with the types of stimulation provided by previous systems. During the thesis work, a preliminary biological campaign was also carried out in the laboratories of the bioengineering department of Imperial College London.
L'aterosclerosi è una patologia infiammatoria a carattere cronico-degenerativo, che consiste nella progressiva formazione di una placca parietale, detta ateroma. Tale condizione affligge in particolar modo i vasi arteriosi di grande e medio calibro, con conseguenze che possono arrivare fino alla morte. I fattori coinvolti nello sviluppo di una placca aterosclerotica possono essere raggruppati in due categorie: rischi sistemici (fumo, obesità, sedentarietà, iperlipidemia, ipertensione e uso di alcool) ed emodinamica locale. Analizzando le regioni più colpite dell'albero vascolare, è emerso come l'aterosclerosi si manifesti soprattutto nei tratti caratterizzati da curvature e biforcazioni, in corrispondenza dei quali il flusso assume un andamento multidirezionale. In letteratura esistono diversi dispositivi progettati con lo scopo di indagare la correlazione tra lo stato patologico e un pattern di flusso disturbato, ma nessuno di questi riesce a riprodurre la multidirezionalità del flusso né a sollecitare anche campioni tissutali, oltre ai monolayer cellulari. Il Multidirectional Shear Stress Bioreactor (MSSB), progettato e realizzato presso il Politecnico di Milano, si pone l'obiettivo di studiare la medesima correlazione, superando i due principali limiti appena sottolineati. Il presente studio si focalizza sullo sviluppo di un nuovo sistema in grado di erogare gradienti pressori, in collaborazione con l'Imperial College London. Tale sistema, detto sistema Ouroboros, si pone l'obiettivo di riprodurre pattern di flusso controllati, integrandosi con le tipologie di stimolazione fornite dai sistemi precedenti. Durante il lavoro di tesi, è stata svolta anche una campagna biologica preliminare presso i laboratori del dipartimento di bioingegneria dell'Imperial College London.
Sviluppo e integrazione di un sistema pneumatico per l'applicazione di stimoli fluidodinamici controllati a monolayer endoteliali
Riva, Eleonora
2022/2023
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic-degenerative inflammatory pathology, which consists in the progressive formation of a parietal plaque, called atheroma. This condition particularly affects large and medium caliber arterial vessels, with consequences that can lead to death. The factors involved in the development of an atherosclerotic plaque can be grouped into two categories: systemic risks (smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and alcohol use) and local hemodynamics. By analyzing the most affected regions of the vascular tree, it emerged that atherosclerosis manifests itself primarily in sections characterized by curvatures and bifurcations, where the flow also becomes multidirectional. In the literature there are several devices designed with the aim of investigating the correlation between pathological state and disturbed flow pattern, but none of these are able to reproduce the multidirectionality of the flow nor to solicit tissue samples in addition to the cell monolayer. The Multidirectional Shear Stress Bioreactor (MSSB), designed and built at the Polytechnic of Milan, aims to study the same correlation overcoming the two main limitations just highlighted. The present study focuses on the development of a new system capable of delivering pressure gradients, in collaboration with Imperial College London. This system, called Ouroboros system, aims to reproduce controlled flow patterns, integrating itself with the types of stimulation provided by previous systems. During the thesis work, a preliminary biological campaign was also carried out in the laboratories of the bioengineering department of Imperial College London.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Executive_summary_Eleonora_Riva.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive summary di Eleonora Riva
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Thesis_Eleonora_Riva.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi di Eleonora Riva
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/218563