The Normalization Technique defined in the ASTM E1820-23b standard, is an alternative procedure to the commonly used Unloading Compliance method for determining crack growth resistance curves in terms of J-integral (J-R curves). This technique offers several advantages, such as not requiring special instruments for the crack length estimation, reducing time and costs, and being applicable in harsh conditions. This Thesis proposes, after careful considerations, an alternative criterion for the successful completion of the qualification test for the Normalization method described in section A15.3.2 of the referred standard. Experimental fracture toughness tests on single-edge bend SE(B) specimens machined from C25 and 30MnV6 steels were performed, and the respective data were used to obtain J-R curves and fracture toughness values (JIc) using the Normalization and Unloading Compliance methods. For each specimen, the J-R curve obtained through the Normalization method was compared with that obtained by Unloading Compliance method, and the same comparison was made for the JIC values. Despite an initial oscillation in the curves obtained using the Normalization method, small differences were observed in all cases, providing evidence of the reliability of the Normalization method. After that, qualification tests were conducted for both materials, and the procedure was evaluated. It became evident that the validation criterion regarding the stable crack extension is quite extensive. In this context, a new criterion was proposed regarding the ductile crack size requirements for the successful completion of the qualification test. For doing it, the obtained J-Δa point from the qualification test and its coordinates were considered and the distance between this point and a J-R curve was calculated and compared with a new proposed reference value. The experimental results align with the proposal validating the crack growth resistance curves obtained by the Normalization method.
La Tecnica di Normalizzazione, definita nella norma ASTM E1820-23b, è una procedura alternativa al metodo della Flessibilità Elastica (Unloading Compliance) comunemente utilizzato per determinare le curve di resistenza alla propagazione della cricca in termini di integrale-J (curve J-R). Questa tecnica offre diversi vantaggi, come quello di non richiedere strumenti speciali per la misura della lunghezza delle cricche, di ridurre tempi e costi e di poter essere applicata in condizioni severe. Questa Tesi propone, dopo attente considerazioni, un criterio alternativo affinché la prova di qualificazione per il metodo di Normalizzazione, descritta nella sezione A15.3.2 della norma di riferimento, avvenga con successo. Sono state eseguite prove sperimentali di tenacità a frattura su provini SE(B) lavorati da acciai C25 e 30MnV6 e i rispettivi dati sono stati utilizzati per ottenere curve J-R e valori di tenacità alla frattura (JIc) con i metodi della Normalizzazione e della Flessibilità Elastica. Per ogni provino, la curva J-R ottenuta con il metodo della Normalizzazione è stata confrontata con quella ottenuta con il metodo della Flessibilità Elastica, e lo stesso confronto è stato fatto per i valori di JIc. Nonostante un'oscillazione iniziale nelle curve ottenute utilizzando il metodo di Normalizzazione, solo piccole differenze sono state osservate in tutti i casi, fornendo evidenza dell’affidabilità del metodo di Normalizzazione. Successivamente, sono state condotte prove di qualificazione per entrambi i materiali, e ne è stata valutata la procedura. È risultato evidente che il criterio di validazione relativo alla crescita stabile della cricca è piuttosto ampio. In questo contesto, è stato proposto un nuovo criterio relativo ai requisiti di dimensione della cricca duttile affinché la prova di qualificazione dia esito positivo. A tal fine, sono stati considerati il punto J-Δa ottenuto dalla prova di qualificazione e le sue coordinate; la distanza tra questo punto e la curva J-R è stata calcolata e confrontata con un nuovo valore di riferimento proposto. I risultati sperimentali sono in linea con la proposta convalidando le curve di resistenza alla propagazione della cricca ottenute con il metodo di Normalizzazione.
Analysis of ductile crack extension requirements for qualification of J-R curves obtained by the normalization method
Martina, Rebecca
2022/2023
Abstract
The Normalization Technique defined in the ASTM E1820-23b standard, is an alternative procedure to the commonly used Unloading Compliance method for determining crack growth resistance curves in terms of J-integral (J-R curves). This technique offers several advantages, such as not requiring special instruments for the crack length estimation, reducing time and costs, and being applicable in harsh conditions. This Thesis proposes, after careful considerations, an alternative criterion for the successful completion of the qualification test for the Normalization method described in section A15.3.2 of the referred standard. Experimental fracture toughness tests on single-edge bend SE(B) specimens machined from C25 and 30MnV6 steels were performed, and the respective data were used to obtain J-R curves and fracture toughness values (JIc) using the Normalization and Unloading Compliance methods. For each specimen, the J-R curve obtained through the Normalization method was compared with that obtained by Unloading Compliance method, and the same comparison was made for the JIC values. Despite an initial oscillation in the curves obtained using the Normalization method, small differences were observed in all cases, providing evidence of the reliability of the Normalization method. After that, qualification tests were conducted for both materials, and the procedure was evaluated. It became evident that the validation criterion regarding the stable crack extension is quite extensive. In this context, a new criterion was proposed regarding the ductile crack size requirements for the successful completion of the qualification test. For doing it, the obtained J-Δa point from the qualification test and its coordinates were considered and the distance between this point and a J-R curve was calculated and compared with a new proposed reference value. The experimental results align with the proposal validating the crack growth resistance curves obtained by the Normalization method.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_04_Martina_Tesi_01.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/219469