The concept of typology in architecture has endured over the years, decades, and centuries. The question of typology’s role in architectural design has been continuously posed. In 1985, Casabella raised this inquiry in its January issue. Prior to that, Venturi explored it in the 1960s, while Le Corbusier contemplated it in the 1930s. This thesis does not seek to provide a definitive answer to the ongoing question surrounding typology in architecture. In truth, such an answer remains elusive, as typology is subject to interpretation and perspective. As Moneo suggested, the question of typology in architecture elevates the question of the architectural work itself. This thesis intends to situate typology within a framework that extends beyond theoretical contemplation or strict design parameters. It acknowledges that typology transcends mere form and embraces the procedural aspects through which architectural elements are assembled, connected, and manipulated. When speaking about typology, it is difficult not to sound anachronic, out of fashion, with a term that has been manipulated and used in the past decades. But, in a way, it is forced to go through its meaning, history, and development to arrive at the main point of this thesis, which is the practical/ operative use of type, which is a base for design, and through references, clear the idea of an assemblage of types as a method in the architectural design process. As Giorgio Grassi would write: ‘that the term itself would carry in the works of the best. Being above all a promise for architecture.’ Functioning as a fundamental basis of knowledge, typology shapes the way architects approach design. It provides a means of understanding the interconnections between elements and a possible process of architectural form. The significance of typology lies not only in the final outcomes but also in the methodology employed to select, combine, and adapt form. Architects write, designers by training most architects produce images. Theory and practice, text and images, have the same relevance. Theory is defined here as an agent of doubt and uncertainty, and practice is the exercise of pragmatic imagination. This thesis engages with contemporary architectural discourse by exploring—through the utilization of opinions, projects, references, and images—written or visual—through ten chapters composed as statements in relation to type. The ten statements between text and images will try to define different attitudes to type by exploring various themes and rhetorical concepts associated with typology, such as Definitions of typology, the evolution of typological series through three proposed formal structures, the evolution of type as structural form as opposed to different styles or material categories, the variation of a singular object in comparison with an urban scale, the generic-specific play of type, the dualities of type, the selection of type, the creation of a vocabulary, the contemporary use of type and a small project in the way of a manifesto. The medium decided for each statement varies depending on the subject. Whether it is represented in a redrawn plan, section, elevation, axonometric or perspective, or by the comparison of two images, it is a dialogue that tries to motivate and inform work such as drawing and painting, photography, or text. Through this dual exploration of visual and written language, the thesis aims to uncover the collective (un)consciousness that pervades the attitudes towards typology in architectural design (or understood as an alibi, as a way to shorten the ever-growing distance between theory and practice.) With the notion that architects embrace typological approaches when conceiving and crafting buildings. As the thesis unfolds, it will demonstrate the inherent presence of typology within the architectural design process. The collective unconscious, composed of various architectural minds, will manifest throughout the development of the discourse. Recognizing typology as a foundational element of knowledge and adaptability.
Il concetto di tipologia in architettura ha resistito negli anni, nei decenni e nei secoli. La questione del ruolo della tipologia nella progettazione architettonica è stata continuamente posta. Nel 1985, Casabella ha sollevato questa questione nel suo numero di gennaio. Prima di allora, Venturi l'aveva esplorata negli anni Sessanta, mentre Le Corbusier l'aveva contemplata negli anni Trenta. Questa tesi non cerca di fornire una risposta definitiva alla questione della tipologia in architettura. In realtà, una risposta del genere rimane sfuggente, poiché la tipologia è soggetta a interpretazioni e prospettive. Come suggerito da Moneo, la questione della tipologia in architettura eleva la questione dell'opera architettonica stessa. Questa tesi intende collocare la tipologia all'interno di un quadro che va oltre la contemplazione teorica o i rigidi parametri progettuali. Riconosce che la tipologia trascende la mera forma e abbraccia gli aspetti procedurali attraverso i quali gli elementi architettonici vengono assemblati, collegati e manipolati. Quando si parla di tipologia, è difficile non sembrare anacronici, fuori moda, con un termine che è stato manipolato e utilizzato negli ultimi decenni. Ma, in un certo senso, si è costretti a ripercorrere il suo significato, la sua storia e il suo sviluppo per arrivare al punto principale di questa tesi, ovvero l'uso pratico/operativo del tipo, che è una base per la progettazione, e attraverso riferimenti, chiari all'idea di un assemblaggio di tipi come metodo nel processo di progettazione architettonica.Come scrive Giorgio Grassi:'che il termine stesso avrebbe portato nelle opere dei migliori. Essendo soprattutto una promessa per l'architettura". Funzionando come base fondamentale della conoscenza, la tipologia modella il modo in cui gli architetti si avvicinano alla progettazione. Fornisce un mezzo per comprendere le interconnessioni tra gli elementi e un possibile processo di forma architettonica. L'importanza della tipologia non risiede solo nei risultati finali, ma anche nella metodologia impiegata per selezionare, combinare e adattare le forme. Gli architetti scrivono, i progettisti per formazione producono soprattutto immagini.Teoria e pratica, testo e immagini, hanno la stessa rilevanza. La teoria è qui definita come agente del dubbio e dell'incertezza, mentre la pratica è l'esercizio dell'immaginazione pragmatica. Questa tesi si confronta con il discorso architettonico contemporaneo esplorando - attraverso l'uso di opinioni, progetti, riferimenti e immagini - scritti o visivi - dieci capitoli composti come affermazioni in relazione al tipo. Le dieci affermazioni, tra testo e immagini, cercheranno di definire diversi atteggiamenti nei confronti del tipo esplorando vari temi e concetti retorici associati alla tipologia, come le Definizioni di tipologia, l'evoluzione delle serie tipologiche attraverso tre strutture formali proposte, l'evoluzione del tipo come forma strutturale in contrapposizione a diversi stili o categorie di materiali, la variazione di un oggetto singolare rispetto a una scala urbana, il gioco generico-specifico del tipo, le dualità del tipo, la selezione del tipo, la creazione di un vocabolario, l'uso contemporaneo del tipo e un piccolo progetto in forma di manifesto. Il mezzo scelto per ogni dichiarazione varia a seconda del soggetto. Che si tratti di una pianta ridisegnata, di una sezione, di un prospetto, di un'assonometria o di una prospettiva, o del confronto di due immagini, si tratta di un dialogo che cerca di motivare e informare lavori come il disegno e la pittura, la fotografia o il testo. Attraverso questa duplice esplorazione del linguaggio visivo e scritto, la tesi mira a svelare la (non) coscienza collettiva che pervade l'atteggiamento nei confronti della tipologia nella progettazione architettonica (o intesa come alibi, come modo per accorciare la distanza sempre maggiore tra teoria e pratica). La tesi dimostrerà la presenza intrinseca della tipologia nel processo di progettazione architettonica.L'inconscio collettivo, composto da varie menti architettoniche, si manifesterà durante lo sviluppo del discorso.
Attitudes to type : ten statements through word and image
Cherem Serur, Jose
2022/2023
Abstract
The concept of typology in architecture has endured over the years, decades, and centuries. The question of typology’s role in architectural design has been continuously posed. In 1985, Casabella raised this inquiry in its January issue. Prior to that, Venturi explored it in the 1960s, while Le Corbusier contemplated it in the 1930s. This thesis does not seek to provide a definitive answer to the ongoing question surrounding typology in architecture. In truth, such an answer remains elusive, as typology is subject to interpretation and perspective. As Moneo suggested, the question of typology in architecture elevates the question of the architectural work itself. This thesis intends to situate typology within a framework that extends beyond theoretical contemplation or strict design parameters. It acknowledges that typology transcends mere form and embraces the procedural aspects through which architectural elements are assembled, connected, and manipulated. When speaking about typology, it is difficult not to sound anachronic, out of fashion, with a term that has been manipulated and used in the past decades. But, in a way, it is forced to go through its meaning, history, and development to arrive at the main point of this thesis, which is the practical/ operative use of type, which is a base for design, and through references, clear the idea of an assemblage of types as a method in the architectural design process. As Giorgio Grassi would write: ‘that the term itself would carry in the works of the best. Being above all a promise for architecture.’ Functioning as a fundamental basis of knowledge, typology shapes the way architects approach design. It provides a means of understanding the interconnections between elements and a possible process of architectural form. The significance of typology lies not only in the final outcomes but also in the methodology employed to select, combine, and adapt form. Architects write, designers by training most architects produce images. Theory and practice, text and images, have the same relevance. Theory is defined here as an agent of doubt and uncertainty, and practice is the exercise of pragmatic imagination. This thesis engages with contemporary architectural discourse by exploring—through the utilization of opinions, projects, references, and images—written or visual—through ten chapters composed as statements in relation to type. The ten statements between text and images will try to define different attitudes to type by exploring various themes and rhetorical concepts associated with typology, such as Definitions of typology, the evolution of typological series through three proposed formal structures, the evolution of type as structural form as opposed to different styles or material categories, the variation of a singular object in comparison with an urban scale, the generic-specific play of type, the dualities of type, the selection of type, the creation of a vocabulary, the contemporary use of type and a small project in the way of a manifesto. The medium decided for each statement varies depending on the subject. Whether it is represented in a redrawn plan, section, elevation, axonometric or perspective, or by the comparison of two images, it is a dialogue that tries to motivate and inform work such as drawing and painting, photography, or text. Through this dual exploration of visual and written language, the thesis aims to uncover the collective (un)consciousness that pervades the attitudes towards typology in architectural design (or understood as an alibi, as a way to shorten the ever-growing distance between theory and practice.) With the notion that architects embrace typological approaches when conceiving and crafting buildings. As the thesis unfolds, it will demonstrate the inherent presence of typology within the architectural design process. The collective unconscious, composed of various architectural minds, will manifest throughout the development of the discourse. Recognizing typology as a foundational element of knowledge and adaptability.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/219606