The continued growth of industrial processes has led to an increased demand for efficient and environmentally sustainable methods of solvent recovery. This study presents a comprehensive comparison between three methods for solvent recovery: steam regeneration, nitrogen regeneration, and vacuum regeneration, based on the use of activated carbon as an adsorbent material. The aim is to evaluate the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact of these techniques in industrial realities and, at the same time, to affirm the potential of activated carbon as a robust and environmentally friendly solution thanks to its exceptional adsorption properties. The investigation includes a detailed analysis of the operating principles, energy consumption and overall performance of both methods, complemented by an in-depth examination of the adsorption capabilities of the activated carbon beds. Experimental data are used to evaluate the recovery rates, purity levels, and solvent losses associated with each approach. In addition, economic factors, such as installation costs, maintenance expenses, life-cycle assessment, and long-term feasibility provide a comprehensive perspective on the financial implications of adopting both technologies. Environmental sustainability is a key aspect of solvent recovery processes. With this in mind, we want to assess the carbon footprint, emissions and waste production associated with both steam and vacuum-based techniques, as well as the environmental impact related to the use of activated carbon. Particular attention is paid to the identification of potential environmental risks and the proposal of mitigation strategies. Moreover, the research explores the adaptability of these techniques, in particular adsorption on activated carbon, to different types of solvents commonly used in industrial processes. The compatibility of the two regeneration methods with a wide range of compounds is critical for widespread applicability in different industrial settings. The results of this comparative analysis are intended to provide valuable information to optimize all solvent recovery systems. The study aims to assist in the choice of the most appropriate, most suitable and sustainable method based on the required operational objectives and the environmental requirements imposed.
La continua crescita dei processi industriali ha portato ad una maggiore domanda di metodi efficienti e sostenibili dal punto di vista ambientale per il recupero dei solventi. Questo studio presenta un confronto completo tra due metodi per il recupero dei solventi: rigenerazione a vapore e rigenerazione sottovuoto, ambedue basati sull’utilizzo di carbone attivo come materiale adsorbente. L’obiettivo è valutare l’efficienza, il rapporto costi/efficacia e l’impatto ambientale di queste tecniche nelle realtà industriali e, contemporaneamente, affermare il potenziale del carbone attivo come soluzione robusta ed ecologica grazie alle sue eccezionali proprietà di adsorbimento. L’indagine prevede un’analisi dettagliata dei principi operativi, del consumo energetico e delle prestazioni complessive di entrambi i metodi, integrata da un approfondito esame delle capacità di adsorbimento dei letti di carbone attivo. I dati sperimentali vengono usati per valutare i tassi di recupero, i livelli di purezza e le perdite di solventi associati a ciascun approccio; inoltre, i fattori economici, come i costi di installazione, le spese di manutenzione, la valutazione del ciclo di vita e la fattibilità a lungo termine forniscono una prospettiva globale sulle implicazioni finanziarie dell’adozione di entrambe le tecnologie. La sostenibilità ambientale è un aspetto chiave dei processi per il recupero dei solventi. Con questa consapevolezza, si vuole valutare l’impronta di carbonio, le emissioni e la produzione di rifiuti associate sia alla tecnica con vapore che alla tecnica basata sul sottovuoto, nonché l’impatto ambientale legato all’utilizzo del carbone attivo. Particolare attenzione viene prestata all’identificazione dei potenziali rischi ambientali ed alla proposta di strategie di mitigazione. Inoltre, la ricerca esplora l’adattabilità di queste tecniche, in particolare l’adsorbimento su carbone attivo, a diversi tipi di solventi comunamente utilizzati nei processi industriali. La compatibilità dei due metodi di rigenerazione con una vasta gamma di composti è fondamentale per un’applicabilità diffusa in diversi contesti industriali. I risultati di questa analisi comparativa hanno come finalità fornire preziose informazioni per ottimizzare tutti i sistemi di recupero dei solventi. Lo studio mira a coadiuvare la scelta del metodo più appropriato, più adatto e sostenibile in base agli obiettivi operativi richiesti ed ai requisiti ambientali imposti.
A comparison of steam, nitrogen, and vacuum technologies for solvent recovery
MACCHI, RICCARDO
2023/2024
Abstract
The continued growth of industrial processes has led to an increased demand for efficient and environmentally sustainable methods of solvent recovery. This study presents a comprehensive comparison between three methods for solvent recovery: steam regeneration, nitrogen regeneration, and vacuum regeneration, based on the use of activated carbon as an adsorbent material. The aim is to evaluate the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact of these techniques in industrial realities and, at the same time, to affirm the potential of activated carbon as a robust and environmentally friendly solution thanks to its exceptional adsorption properties. The investigation includes a detailed analysis of the operating principles, energy consumption and overall performance of both methods, complemented by an in-depth examination of the adsorption capabilities of the activated carbon beds. Experimental data are used to evaluate the recovery rates, purity levels, and solvent losses associated with each approach. In addition, economic factors, such as installation costs, maintenance expenses, life-cycle assessment, and long-term feasibility provide a comprehensive perspective on the financial implications of adopting both technologies. Environmental sustainability is a key aspect of solvent recovery processes. With this in mind, we want to assess the carbon footprint, emissions and waste production associated with both steam and vacuum-based techniques, as well as the environmental impact related to the use of activated carbon. Particular attention is paid to the identification of potential environmental risks and the proposal of mitigation strategies. Moreover, the research explores the adaptability of these techniques, in particular adsorption on activated carbon, to different types of solvents commonly used in industrial processes. The compatibility of the two regeneration methods with a wide range of compounds is critical for widespread applicability in different industrial settings. The results of this comparative analysis are intended to provide valuable information to optimize all solvent recovery systems. The study aims to assist in the choice of the most appropriate, most suitable and sustainable method based on the required operational objectives and the environmental requirements imposed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/219773