Organizations and projects are pivotal entities in the contemporary socioeconomic environment. Historically, projects were viewed as specific tasks within an organization. However, the spotlight has shifted to the intricacies of projects and the management teams behind them, and projects are now seen as temporary organizations. Crucially, some organizations, termed project-based organizations (PBOs), derive their value predominantly from these temporary undertakings, and project management (PM) has thus emerged as an essential skill. Though research on PBOs has grown, a comprehensive understanding of them is still in the nascent stage. PBOs continually adapt, driven by challenges such as task reshaping, agent information flux, and component interdependencies. The transition of PM practices from a segmented knowledge base to an integrated, systems-driven framework has also influenced the evolution of PBOs. Under this systems approach, projects are seen as systems embedded within overarching organizational systems, working synergistically. Drawing from this, enterprise architecture (EA) offers a methodological perspective for decoding organizational blueprints, integrating components including business operations, information structures, and information technology infrastructure. Given the surging academic and practical interest in EA, its advantages have become pronounced, especially in enabling businesses to recalibrate and align their strategies with overarching goals. Furthermore, the intersection of EA with the prevailing trend of digital transformation underscores its relevance in the metamorphosis of contemporary business. The extant literature rarely bridges EA and PM, particularly from a PBO analytical standpoint. This research introduces a groundbreaking systems-thinking tool called “IModel” for the modeling, design, and analysis of PBOs. Developed through the Design Science Research Method (DSRM), IModel synergizes the PM and EA domains, deriving insights from renowned frameworks such as PMBOK and ArchiMate. The model, rooted in ontological paradigms, offers a high-level, machine-comprehensible domain representation. The construction of IModel involves collating sources, fusing EA and PM ontologies, and validating via expert opinions and real-world application. A case study set in a European Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) firm anchors this exploration, offering tangible insights into project development and strategic synchronization within the sector. Notably, the AEC domain epitomizes the interplay between project outcomes and organizational success, demanding novel managerial methodologies and digital solutions. Expert evaluations and real-world applications affirm the efficacy and applicability of the IModel, suggesting that systems thinking can adeptly navigate the intricate terrain of infrastructure projects and their organizational contexts.
Le organizzazioni e i progetti sono entità fondamentali nell'ambiente socioeconomico contemporaneo. Storicamente, i progetti erano visti come compiti specifici all'interno di un'organizzazione. Tuttavia, l'attenzione si è spostata sulle complessità dei progetti e sui team di gestione che li sostengono, e ora i progetti sono considerati organizzazioni temporanee. In particolare, alcune organizzazioni, definite organizzazioni basate su progetti (PBOs), traggono il loro valore principalmente da queste imprese temporanee, e quindi la gestione dei progetti (PM) è emersa come una competenza essenziale. Sebbene la ricerca sulle PBO sia cresciuta, una comprensione completa di esse è ancora in una fase embrionale. Le PBO si adattano continuamente, spinte da sfide come la rimodellazione dei compiti, il flusso di informazioni degli agenti e le interdipendenze tra i componenti. La transizione delle pratiche di PM da una base di conoscenza segmentata a un quadro integrato e orientato ai sistemi ha influenzato l'evoluzione delle PBO. Con questo approccio sistemico, i progetti sono visti come sistemi incorporati nei sistemi organizzativi più ampi, operando in modo sinergico. Partendo da questo, l'architettura d'impresa (EA) offre una prospettiva metodologica per decodificare i progetti organizzativi, integrando componenti quali operazioni aziendali, strutture informative e infrastruttura tecnologica. Data la crescente attenzione accademica e pratica per l'EA, i suoi vantaggi sono diventati evidenti, specialmente nell'abilitare le aziende a ricalibrare e allineare le loro strategie con obiettivi generali. Inoltre, l'intersezione dell'EA con la tendenza prevalente della trasformazione digitale sottolinea la sua rilevanza nella metamorfosi del business contemporaneo. La letteratura esistente raramente collega EA e PM, particolarmente da un punto di vista analitico delle PBO. Questa ricerca introduce uno strumento rivoluzionario di pensiero sistemico chiamato "IModel" per la modellazione, il design e l'analisi delle PBO. Sviluppato attraverso il Metodo di Ricerca Design Science (DSRM), IModel sinergizza i domini di PM e EA, attingendo spunti da framework rinomati come PMBOK e ArchiMate. Il modello, radicato in paradigmi ontologici, offre una rappresentazione del dominio comprensibile a livello di macchina. La costruzione di IModel coinvolge la raccolta di fonti, la fusione delle ontologie di EA e PM e la validazione attraverso opinioni di esperti e applicazioni nel mondo reale. Uno studio di caso in un'azienda europea di Architettura, Ingegneria e Costruzione (AEC) ancorano questa esplorazione, offrendo spunti tangibili sullo sviluppo del progetto e la sincronizzazione strategica nel settore. In particolare, il dominio AEC incarna l'interazione tra i risultati del progetto e il successo organizzativo, richiedendo nuove metodologie gestionali e soluzioni digitali. Le valutazioni degli esperti e le applicazioni reali confermano l'efficacia e l'applicabilità di IModel, suggerendo che il pensiero sistemico può navigare abilmente il terreno intricato dei progetti infrastrutturali e dei loro contesti organizzativi.
Enterprise architecture approach for project management and project based organizations
Atencio Castillo, Edison Patricio
2023/2024
Abstract
Organizations and projects are pivotal entities in the contemporary socioeconomic environment. Historically, projects were viewed as specific tasks within an organization. However, the spotlight has shifted to the intricacies of projects and the management teams behind them, and projects are now seen as temporary organizations. Crucially, some organizations, termed project-based organizations (PBOs), derive their value predominantly from these temporary undertakings, and project management (PM) has thus emerged as an essential skill. Though research on PBOs has grown, a comprehensive understanding of them is still in the nascent stage. PBOs continually adapt, driven by challenges such as task reshaping, agent information flux, and component interdependencies. The transition of PM practices from a segmented knowledge base to an integrated, systems-driven framework has also influenced the evolution of PBOs. Under this systems approach, projects are seen as systems embedded within overarching organizational systems, working synergistically. Drawing from this, enterprise architecture (EA) offers a methodological perspective for decoding organizational blueprints, integrating components including business operations, information structures, and information technology infrastructure. Given the surging academic and practical interest in EA, its advantages have become pronounced, especially in enabling businesses to recalibrate and align their strategies with overarching goals. Furthermore, the intersection of EA with the prevailing trend of digital transformation underscores its relevance in the metamorphosis of contemporary business. The extant literature rarely bridges EA and PM, particularly from a PBO analytical standpoint. This research introduces a groundbreaking systems-thinking tool called “IModel” for the modeling, design, and analysis of PBOs. Developed through the Design Science Research Method (DSRM), IModel synergizes the PM and EA domains, deriving insights from renowned frameworks such as PMBOK and ArchiMate. The model, rooted in ontological paradigms, offers a high-level, machine-comprehensible domain representation. The construction of IModel involves collating sources, fusing EA and PM ontologies, and validating via expert opinions and real-world application. A case study set in a European Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) firm anchors this exploration, offering tangible insights into project development and strategic synchronization within the sector. Notably, the AEC domain epitomizes the interplay between project outcomes and organizational success, demanding novel managerial methodologies and digital solutions. Expert evaluations and real-world applications affirm the efficacy and applicability of the IModel, suggesting that systems thinking can adeptly navigate the intricate terrain of infrastructure projects and their organizational contexts.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/221013