Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) constitute the backbone of the Italian economy. However, following the Great Financial Crisis and the Sovereign Debt Crisis, they faced severe credit restrictions and a contraction in investments. In response to this challenge, the Italian Government launched the Minibond, a new financial instrument. This debt security offers SMEs an alternative to traditional bank loans, opening new financing opportunities to support growth and innovation within the country’s entrepreneurial environment. The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to expanding the limited literature on minibonds. Many studies on this topic focus on post-issuance effects, while others compare the advantages and disadvantages of using this debt instrument compared to other forms of financial resource collection. This research, however, takes a different perspective, by focusing on the conditions of the issuer and the market preceding issuance. Specifically, the focus is to investigate the reasons why a company chooses to issue a fixed rate minibond as opposed to a variable rate one, and vice versa. To do this, following a collection of data on market interest rates and financial and non-financial data of minibond issuers, several logistic regression models were created. The use of logistic regression helped understand which of the selected independent variables are truly significant and how they influence the decision under examination. In particular, the results reveal that the average interest rate in the market, company size, the amount of the new minibond issued relative to existing debt, and belonging to certain economic sectors significantly influence the choice of minibond interest rate type. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that companies, during the structuring of the minibond, base their choices precisely on the value of these parameters.
Le Piccole e Medie Imprese (PMI) costituiscono il pilastro dell'economia italiana. Tuttavia, dopo la Grande Crisi Finanziaria e la Crisi del Debito Sovrano, si sono trovate di fronte a gravi restrizioni creditizie e a una contrazione degli investimenti. In risposta a questa sfida, il Governo Italiano ha lanciato il Minibond, un nuovo strumento finanziario. Questo titolo di debito offre alle PMI un'alternativa ai prestiti bancari tradizionali, aprendo nuove opportunità di finanziamento per sostenere la crescita e l'innovazione nel tessuto imprenditoriale del paese. L'obiettivo di questa tesi è contribuire ad espandere la scarsa letteratura relativa ai minibond. Molti degli studi sull'argomento si focalizzano sugli effetti post-emissione, mentre altri comparano i vantaggi e gli svantaggi dell'utilizzo di questo strumento di debito rispetto ad altre forme di raccolta di risorse finanziarie. Questa tesi, invece, vuole adottare una prospettiva diversa, concentrandosi sulle condizioni dell'emittente e del mercato antecedenti all'emissione. Nello specifico, il focus è indagare quali siano le ragioni che spingono un'azienda ad emettere un minibond a tasso fisso rispetto ad uno a tasso variabile, e viceversa. Per fare ciò, a seguito di una raccolta di dati sugli interessi presenti nel mercato e sui dati finanziari e non finanziari delle emittenti di minibond, sono stati creati alcuni modelli di regressione logistica. L'utilizzo della regressione logistica ha consentito di capire quali tra le variabili indipendenti selezionate risultino realmente significative e come influenzino la decisione in esame. In particolare, i risultati rivelano che il tasso d'interesse medio presente nel mercato, le dimensioni dell'azienda, l'ammontare del nuovo minibond emesso in proporzione al debito già esistente e l'appartenenza ad alcuni settori economici influenzano notevolmente la scelta del tipo di tasso da associare al minibond. Dunque, è lecito aspettarsi che le aziende, durante la strutturazione del minibond, basino le loro scelte proprio sul valore di questi parametri.
Determinants of fixed vs. variable rate minibond issuance: the role of interest rates and firm characteristics
Castelnovo, Giorgio;Belletti, Paolo
2023/2024
Abstract
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) constitute the backbone of the Italian economy. However, following the Great Financial Crisis and the Sovereign Debt Crisis, they faced severe credit restrictions and a contraction in investments. In response to this challenge, the Italian Government launched the Minibond, a new financial instrument. This debt security offers SMEs an alternative to traditional bank loans, opening new financing opportunities to support growth and innovation within the country’s entrepreneurial environment. The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to expanding the limited literature on minibonds. Many studies on this topic focus on post-issuance effects, while others compare the advantages and disadvantages of using this debt instrument compared to other forms of financial resource collection. This research, however, takes a different perspective, by focusing on the conditions of the issuer and the market preceding issuance. Specifically, the focus is to investigate the reasons why a company chooses to issue a fixed rate minibond as opposed to a variable rate one, and vice versa. To do this, following a collection of data on market interest rates and financial and non-financial data of minibond issuers, several logistic regression models were created. The use of logistic regression helped understand which of the selected independent variables are truly significant and how they influence the decision under examination. In particular, the results reveal that the average interest rate in the market, company size, the amount of the new minibond issued relative to existing debt, and belonging to certain economic sectors significantly influence the choice of minibond interest rate type. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that companies, during the structuring of the minibond, base their choices precisely on the value of these parameters.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/221893