The objective of this thesis is to investigate the historical evolution and typological characteristics of the Maniace Castle in Syracuse, one of the most significant fortified complexes in Southern Italy and the broader Mediterranean region. The aim is to identify cultural programming and architectural design strategies capable of locally enhancing this essential historical and cultural asset. The castle heritage of the province of Syracuse boasts a large number of medieval artifacts that have been abandoned or variously repurposed in contemporary times for uses different from their original ones. The long historical duration of the castle's events represents a valuable testimony to document the various phases of Sicily's civilization. In recent decades, the cultural heritage constituted by castle architectures has contended with the definitive reduction of military garrisons, which referred to the original characteristics of these defense sites, to make way for restoration and recovery operations with cultural purposes that currently play a crucial role in the management, conservation, and repurposing of architectures that often date back to the medieval era. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to a preliminary historical-critical reading of the Syracusan architectural complex, described and interpreted from a perspective opened by a comparison with the entire castle heritage of the island, in order to highlight the historical and typological characteristics of the major episodes, among which the Maniace Castle itself assumes a particularly significant role. Located on the extreme southern tip of the Island of Ortigia, the Syracusan complex has been the subject of an in-depth study that has highlighted its historical evolution, the role played by architecture, primarily military architecture, and the relationships between the memories of the original functions and the current uses, which have consistently turned towards the installation of contemporary art works. The Maniace Castle, in fact, is today a destination for tourists and citizens who appreciate the efforts made to enhance the coexistence between an exceptional architectural relic and the exhibition and museum venue that has been established within it. The theme of the exhibition of art works in castle spaces is addressed in the second part of the thesis. The volume and specially prepared boards highlight the importance of temporary exhibitions, usually monographic, which have initiated a specific process of valorization of castle architectures. In the case study analyzed, a particular design significance was given to the juxtaposition of modern and contemporary art works and elements with the pre-existing structures, whether they have interiors or are rather identifiable as open spaces. The observations collected on the limited repertoire of exhibitions so far held at the Maniace Castle support the design experiment that concludes the thesis. On this occasion, eight areas of intervention related to specific moments of the visitor's shared itineraries were identified: the entrance and exit, overcoming level differences, access to interior or exterior spaces considered privileged points of the visit, the unveiling of hidden places, the enjoyment of the sea, daytime and nighttime lighting. With the aim of enhancing the museum infrastructure, it was hypothesized that these interventions could be requested from the same artists invited to exhibit, thus ensuring the reactivation of the medium-long timescales with which historical architectures were completed. As a result of programming that could evoke the "Le opere e i giorni" program conceived by Achille Bonito Oliva for the Certosa di Padula, the project was represented in the thesis using an experimental mode, through which as many art works characterized by significant architectural and exhibition intentions were juxtaposed with the eight areas indicated as strategic for the purpose of infrastructuring the castle. These works were "transplanted" into the castle context, in the first instance, and subsequently transformed with specific adaptation processes to the characteristics of the site.
Obiettivo della tesi è compiere un'indagine sull’evoluzione storica e sui caratteri tipologici del Castello Maniace di Siracusa, uno dei più rilevanti complessi fortificati dell'Italia Meridionale e, più in generale del bacino Mediterraneo, per individuare strategie di programmazione culturale e di progettazione architettonica in grado di valorizzare a livello locale questo fondamentale bene storico-culturale. Il patrimonio castellano della provincia di Siracusa vanta un grande numero di manufatti medievali abbandonati o variamente reimpiegati in epoca contemporanea per usi diversi da quelli originali. La lunga durata storica delle vicende castellane rappresenta una preziosa testimonianza per documentare le diverse fasi di civilizzazione della Sicilia. Negli ultimi decenni il patrimonio culturale costituito dalle architetture castellane si è misurato con la definitiva riduzione dei presidi militari che alludevano alle originali caratteristiche di questi luoghi di difesa per lasciare spazio ad operazioni di restauro e recupero con finalità culturali che, attualmente, rivestono un ruolo determinante nella gestione, conservazione e rifunzionalizzazione di architetture, che, spesso, risalgono all'epoca medievale. La prima parte della tesi è dedicata a una preliminare lettura storico-critica del complesso architettonico siracusano, descritto e interpretato nella prospettiva aperta da un confronto con l'intero patrimonio castellano dell’isola, allo scopo di evidenziare i caratteri storici e tipologici degli episodi maggiori, tra i quali proprio il Castello Maniace assume un ruolo di particolare rilievo. Posto sull’estrema punta meridionale dell'Isola di Ortigia, il complesso siracusano è stato oggetto di uno studio approfondito che ne ha messo in rilievo le fasi di evoluzione storica, il ruolo che vi hanno recitato l'architettura, in primo luogo quella militare, e le relazioni tra le memorie delle funzioni originarie e gli usi attuali, che si sono coerentemente rivolti verso l'installazione di opere d'arte contemporanea. Il castello Maniace, infatti, è oggi meta di turisti e cittadini, che apprezzano gli sforzi compiuti per valorizzare la coesistenza tra un eccezionale reperto architettonico e la sede espositiva e museale che vi è stata insediata all'interno. Al tema dell'esposizione delle opere d'arte negli spazi castellani è dedicata la seconda parte della tesi. il volume e le tavole appositamente predisposte mettono in rilievo l'importanza delle esposizioni temporanee, solitamente a carattere monografico, cui si deve l'avvio di uno specifico processo di valorizzazione delle architetture castellane. Nel caso studio analizzato, un particolare significato progettuale ha assunto l’accostamento di opere ed elementi d’arte moderna e contemporanea con le strutture preesistenti, siano essi dotate di interni o piuttosto identificabili come spazi aperti. Le osservazioni raccolte sul ridotto repertorio di esposizioni per ora svolte presso il Castello Maniace fa da supporto all'esperimento progettuale che conclude la tesi. Nell'occasione sono state individuati otto ambiti di intervento connessi a specifici momenti degli itinerari condivisi dai visitatori: l'ingresso e l'uscita, il superamento di dislivelli, l'accesso a spazi interni o esterni considerati recapiti privilegiati della visita, il disvelamento di luoghi nascosti, la fruizione del mare, l'illuminazione diurna e notturna. Con l'intento di potenziare l'infrastruttura museale si è ipotizzato che questi interventi possano essere richiesti agli stessi artisti invitati ad esporre, garantendo così la riattivazione dei tempi, medio-lunghi, con cui venivano completate le architetture storiche. Esito di una programmazione che potrebbe evocare il programma "Le opere e i giorni" concepito da Achille Bonito Oliva per la Certosa di Padula, il progetto è stato rappresentato nella tesi adottando una modalità sperimentale, grazie alla quale sono stati accostati agli otto ambiti indicati come strategici per la finalità di infrastrutturare il castello, altrettante opere d'arte caratterizzate da significativi intenzioni architettoniche e allestitive. Queste opere sono state "trapiantate" nel contesto del castello, in prima istanza, e, in seguito, trasformate con specifici processi di adattamento alle caratteristiche del luogo.
Rappresentare il valore dell'architettura militare: nuove infrastrutture espositive per il castello Maniace di Siracusa
Cria, Alice
2023/2024
Abstract
The objective of this thesis is to investigate the historical evolution and typological characteristics of the Maniace Castle in Syracuse, one of the most significant fortified complexes in Southern Italy and the broader Mediterranean region. The aim is to identify cultural programming and architectural design strategies capable of locally enhancing this essential historical and cultural asset. The castle heritage of the province of Syracuse boasts a large number of medieval artifacts that have been abandoned or variously repurposed in contemporary times for uses different from their original ones. The long historical duration of the castle's events represents a valuable testimony to document the various phases of Sicily's civilization. In recent decades, the cultural heritage constituted by castle architectures has contended with the definitive reduction of military garrisons, which referred to the original characteristics of these defense sites, to make way for restoration and recovery operations with cultural purposes that currently play a crucial role in the management, conservation, and repurposing of architectures that often date back to the medieval era. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to a preliminary historical-critical reading of the Syracusan architectural complex, described and interpreted from a perspective opened by a comparison with the entire castle heritage of the island, in order to highlight the historical and typological characteristics of the major episodes, among which the Maniace Castle itself assumes a particularly significant role. Located on the extreme southern tip of the Island of Ortigia, the Syracusan complex has been the subject of an in-depth study that has highlighted its historical evolution, the role played by architecture, primarily military architecture, and the relationships between the memories of the original functions and the current uses, which have consistently turned towards the installation of contemporary art works. The Maniace Castle, in fact, is today a destination for tourists and citizens who appreciate the efforts made to enhance the coexistence between an exceptional architectural relic and the exhibition and museum venue that has been established within it. The theme of the exhibition of art works in castle spaces is addressed in the second part of the thesis. The volume and specially prepared boards highlight the importance of temporary exhibitions, usually monographic, which have initiated a specific process of valorization of castle architectures. In the case study analyzed, a particular design significance was given to the juxtaposition of modern and contemporary art works and elements with the pre-existing structures, whether they have interiors or are rather identifiable as open spaces. The observations collected on the limited repertoire of exhibitions so far held at the Maniace Castle support the design experiment that concludes the thesis. On this occasion, eight areas of intervention related to specific moments of the visitor's shared itineraries were identified: the entrance and exit, overcoming level differences, access to interior or exterior spaces considered privileged points of the visit, the unveiling of hidden places, the enjoyment of the sea, daytime and nighttime lighting. With the aim of enhancing the museum infrastructure, it was hypothesized that these interventions could be requested from the same artists invited to exhibit, thus ensuring the reactivation of the medium-long timescales with which historical architectures were completed. As a result of programming that could evoke the "Le opere e i giorni" program conceived by Achille Bonito Oliva for the Certosa di Padula, the project was represented in the thesis using an experimental mode, through which as many art works characterized by significant architectural and exhibition intentions were juxtaposed with the eight areas indicated as strategic for the purpose of infrastructuring the castle. These works were "transplanted" into the castle context, in the first instance, and subsequently transformed with specific adaptation processes to the characteristics of the site.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_Luglio_Cria_Tesi.pdf
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2024_Luglio_Cria_Tavole.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/222872