With a view to achieving the objective set by the EU which provides for a 100% reduction in CO2 emissions for vehicles by 2035, this work intends to provide an overview of EVs in general and of charging infrastructures in particular. The intent is, starting from the state of the art, to verify how much the implementation of EVs can be supported by charging infrastructures and, with total vehicular electrification, to verify how much they will be able to satisfy the needs of users in every location. Excluding any ideological consideration on the actual implementation of the European Plan, in the first part of the work the EV market was photographed, highlighting its advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional vehicles. The charging system was also illustrated, specifying not only the methods, but also the duration, the characteristics of the batteries, the connectors, the critical issues for their disposal and some issues relating to electric mobility were examined. Charging infrastructures are first considered from a technical regulatory point of view, explaining the moments ranging from authorisation, to occupation of public land, to actual interoperability. The various typologies, both existing, experimental and futuristic, were highlighted; subsequently the infrastructure was considered as an artefact that occupies a public space, which can alter the perception of that same space and an attempt was made to correlate the various typologies to the various contexts. The work places emphasis on the placement in the urban context where the design implications and impact are greater than in a domestic context or a commercial area or on extra urban roads. The analysis considers three variables: use, context, typology, applied in the case study conducted on the city of Matera. In the absence of a Charging Infrastructure Plan in the Municipalities, an attempt is made, with a defined methodology, to create a realistic framework that identifies how to insert the different typologies in correlation with the different uses in a particular urban context such as that of Matera. The objective of the work is to evaluate the integration of charging infrastructures in the peculiar urban and architectural context and with the methodology adopted try to create a reference framework for planning, quantitatively and qualitatively, the installations that will gradually be implemented in a one to-one correspondence to the increase in EV. The data collected, thanks to the authorization of the Matera Police Headquarters, constitute the starting point for planning and designing the charging stations to be placed in the urban space that satisfy the 3 variables underlying the research. If the research methods are functional to the set objective, this case study could be an example for other urban contexts and in any case could pave the way for further investigations for concrete planning of charging infrastructures.
In prospettiva della realizzazione dell’obiettivo fissato dall’UE che prevede, per il 2035, una riduzione del 100% di emissioni di CO2 per i veicoli, il presente lavoro intende fornire una panoramica sui EV in generale e in particolare sulle infrastrutture di ricarica a questi correlate. L’intento è, partendo dallo stato dell’arte, verificare quanto l’implementazione di EV potrà essere sostenuta dalle infrastrutture di ricarica e, con la totale elettrificazione veicolare, verificare quanto saranno in grado di soddisfare le esigenze degli utenti in ogni luogo. Escludendo qualsiasi considerazione ideologica sulla effettiva realizzazione del Piano europeo, nella prima parte del lavoro si è fotografato il mercato dei EV evidenziandone i vantaggi e svantaggi rispetto ai veicoli tradizionali. Si è altresì illustrato il sistema di ricarica specificando non solo i modi, ma anche la durata, le caratteristiche delle batterie, dei connettori, le criticità per il loro smaltimento e si sono esaminate alcune tematiche che afferiscono alla mobilità elettrica. Le infrastrutture di ricarica vengono considerate dapprima da un punto di vista tecnico- normativo, esplicitando i momenti che vanno dall’autorizzazione, all’occupazione di suolo pubblico, all’interoperabilità effettiva. Si sono evidenziate le varie tipologie sia esistenti, che sperimentali, che futuribili; in seguito si è considerata l’infrastruttura come un manufatto che occupa uno spazio pubblico, che può alterare la percezione di quello stesso spazio e si è cercato di correlare le varie tipologie ai vari contesti. Il lavoro pone l’accento sulla collocazione nel contesto urbano dove le implicazioni progettuali e l’impatto sono maggiori rispetto ad un contesto domestico o un’area commerciale o su strade extraurbane. L’analisi considera tre variabili: uso, contesto, tipologia, applicate nel caso studio condotto sulla città di Matera. In assenza nei Comuni di un Piano per le infrastrutture di ricarica, si cerca, con una definita metodologia, di realizzare un quadro realistico che individui come inserire le diverse tipologie in correlazione ai diversi usi in un contesto urbano particolare come quello di Matera. L’obiettivo del lavoro è quello di valutare l’integrazione delle infrastrutture di ricarica nel contesto urbano e architettonico peculiare e con la metodologia adottata cercare di creare un quadro di riferimento per pianificare, quantitativamente e qualificatamente, le installazioni che via via si andranno ad implementare in una corrispondenza biunivoca all’aumento di EV. I dati raccolti, grazie all’autorizzazione della Questura di Matera, costituiscono il punto di partenza per poter pianificare e progettare le stazioni di ricarica da collocare nello spazio urbano che soddisfano le 3 variabili poste alla base della ricerca. Se le modalità di ricerca risulteranno funzionali all’obiettivo prefissato, questo caso studio potrà essere d’esempio per altri contesti urbani e comunque potrà aprire la strada ad ulteriori approfondimenti per una concreta pianificazione delle infrastrutture di ricarica.
Electric car chargers : a design study in the urban context of Matera
Quinto, Marina
2023/2024
Abstract
With a view to achieving the objective set by the EU which provides for a 100% reduction in CO2 emissions for vehicles by 2035, this work intends to provide an overview of EVs in general and of charging infrastructures in particular. The intent is, starting from the state of the art, to verify how much the implementation of EVs can be supported by charging infrastructures and, with total vehicular electrification, to verify how much they will be able to satisfy the needs of users in every location. Excluding any ideological consideration on the actual implementation of the European Plan, in the first part of the work the EV market was photographed, highlighting its advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional vehicles. The charging system was also illustrated, specifying not only the methods, but also the duration, the characteristics of the batteries, the connectors, the critical issues for their disposal and some issues relating to electric mobility were examined. Charging infrastructures are first considered from a technical regulatory point of view, explaining the moments ranging from authorisation, to occupation of public land, to actual interoperability. The various typologies, both existing, experimental and futuristic, were highlighted; subsequently the infrastructure was considered as an artefact that occupies a public space, which can alter the perception of that same space and an attempt was made to correlate the various typologies to the various contexts. The work places emphasis on the placement in the urban context where the design implications and impact are greater than in a domestic context or a commercial area or on extra urban roads. The analysis considers three variables: use, context, typology, applied in the case study conducted on the city of Matera. In the absence of a Charging Infrastructure Plan in the Municipalities, an attempt is made, with a defined methodology, to create a realistic framework that identifies how to insert the different typologies in correlation with the different uses in a particular urban context such as that of Matera. The objective of the work is to evaluate the integration of charging infrastructures in the peculiar urban and architectural context and with the methodology adopted try to create a reference framework for planning, quantitatively and qualitatively, the installations that will gradually be implemented in a one to-one correspondence to the increase in EV. The data collected, thanks to the authorization of the Matera Police Headquarters, constitute the starting point for planning and designing the charging stations to be placed in the urban space that satisfy the 3 variables underlying the research. If the research methods are functional to the set objective, this case study could be an example for other urban contexts and in any case could pave the way for further investigations for concrete planning of charging infrastructures.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/223010