The effective management of municipal solid waste is a critical challenge, particularly in re-gions with inadequate infrastructure and regulatory frameworks. This research focuses on the design and implementation of a composting plant in Rashaya Al Foukhar, a town in southern Lebanon, known for its agricultural activities. The town produces significant amounts of organic waste, primarily from the cultivation of olives, grapes, apricots, and cher-ries. The proposed composting facility aims to transform this organic waste into valuable compost, promoting sustainable agricultural practices and minimizing environmental im-pacts by replacing chemical fertilizers with compost. Nonetheless, the study examines the appropriateness of composting as a technology within the local context, considering economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The research outlines the design of the composting plant, detailing the necessary infrastructure, including a steel structure, concrete base, rainwater harvesting system, green roof, leachate drainage, electricity, sewage system, and pavement. Key aspects include the use of rainwater harvest-ing systems to ensure a reliable water supply for the composting process, given Lebanon's arid climate. Additionally, the study assesses the economic feasibility, highlighting cost-saving measures such as the use of natural skylight systems to reduce electricity consump-tion. Indeed, the facility includes designated areas for reception, composting cells, drying and packaging, storage, a store, a service area, and a demonstration garden. Equipment needs are identified, including a Bobcat S70 for material handling, a small shredder for waste processing, and a small generator for backup power. The project emphasizes the importance of integrating sustainable practices in solid waste management, by utilizing appropriate technologies and considering local environmental conditions, the composting plant aims to serve as a model for similar initiatives in Lebanon and other regions with comparable challenges. The social and environmental impacts are thoroughly evaluated, underscoring the benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emissions, im-proved soil health, and enhanced community engagement in sustainable waste management practices. In essence, this research contributes to the broader goals of sustainable development by addressing the critical issue of organic waste management and promoting practices that align with environmental conservation and resource efficiency. The findings and recommen-dations provided in this study offer valuable insights for policymakers, engineers, and envi-ronmental practitioners aiming to implement effective waste management solutions in rural and agricultural communities across Lebanon.
La gestione efficace dei rifiuti solidi urbani è una sfida critica, in particolare nelle regioni con infrastrutture e quadri normativi inadeguati. La presente ricerca si concentra sulla progettazione e realizzazione di un impianto di compostaggio a Rashaya Al Foukhar, cittadina nel sud del Libano, nota per le sue attività agricole. La città produce quantità significative di rifiuti organici, principalmente derivanti dalla coltivazione di olive, uva, albicocche e ciliegie. L’impianto di compostaggio proposto mira a trasformare questi rifiuti organici in prezioso compost, promuovendo pratiche agricole sostenibili e minimizzando l’impatto ambientale sostituendo i fertilizzanti chimici con il compost. Tuttavia, lo studio esamina l’adeguatezza del compostaggio come tecnologia nel contesto locale, considerando le dimensioni economiche, sociali e ambientali. La ricerca delinea la progettazione dell’impianto di compostaggio, descrivendo in dettaglio le infrastrutture necessarie, tra cui una struttura in acciaio, base in cemento, sistema di raccolta dell’acqua piovana, tetto verde, drenaggio del percolato, elettricità, sistema fognario e pavimentazione. Gli aspetti chiave includono l'uso di sistemi di raccolta dell'acqua piovana per garantire un approvvigionamento idrico affidabile per il processo di compostaggio, dato il clima arido del Libano. Inoltre, lo studio valuta la fattibilità economica, evidenziando misure di risparmio sui costi come l’uso di sistemi di lucernari naturali per ridurre il consumo di elettricità. La struttura comprende infatti aree destinate al ricevimento, celle di compostaggio, essiccazione e confezionamento, stoccaggio, un magazzino, un'area di servizio e un giardino dimostrativo. Vengono identificate le attrezzature necessarie, tra cui un Bobcat S70 per la movimentazione dei materiali, un piccolo trituratore per il trattamento dei rifiuti e un piccolo generatore per l'energia di riserva. Il progetto sottolinea l’importanza di integrare pratiche sostenibili nella gestione dei rifiuti solidi, utilizzando tecnologie appropriate e considerando le condizioni ambientali locali, l’impianto di compostaggio mira a servire da modello per iniziative simili in Libano e in altre regioni con sfide comparabili. Gli impatti sociali e ambientali vengono valutati attentamente, sottolineando i vantaggi derivanti dalla riduzione delle emissioni di gas serra, dal miglioramento della salute del suolo e dal maggiore coinvolgimento della comunità nelle pratiche sostenibili di gestione dei rifiuti. In sostanza, questa ricerca contribuisce agli obiettivi più ampi dello sviluppo sostenibile affrontando la questione critica della gestione dei rifiuti organici e promuovendo pratiche in linea con la conservazione ambientale e l’efficienza delle risorse. I risultati e le raccomandazioni forniti in questo studio offrono preziosi spunti per politici, ingegneri e professionisti ambientali che mirano a implementare soluzioni efficaci di gestione dei rifiuti nelle comunità rurali e agricole di tutto il Libano.
Design of a composting plant in Rashaya Al Foukhar - Lebanon
Mhanna, Antoine
2023/2024
Abstract
The effective management of municipal solid waste is a critical challenge, particularly in re-gions with inadequate infrastructure and regulatory frameworks. This research focuses on the design and implementation of a composting plant in Rashaya Al Foukhar, a town in southern Lebanon, known for its agricultural activities. The town produces significant amounts of organic waste, primarily from the cultivation of olives, grapes, apricots, and cher-ries. The proposed composting facility aims to transform this organic waste into valuable compost, promoting sustainable agricultural practices and minimizing environmental im-pacts by replacing chemical fertilizers with compost. Nonetheless, the study examines the appropriateness of composting as a technology within the local context, considering economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The research outlines the design of the composting plant, detailing the necessary infrastructure, including a steel structure, concrete base, rainwater harvesting system, green roof, leachate drainage, electricity, sewage system, and pavement. Key aspects include the use of rainwater harvest-ing systems to ensure a reliable water supply for the composting process, given Lebanon's arid climate. Additionally, the study assesses the economic feasibility, highlighting cost-saving measures such as the use of natural skylight systems to reduce electricity consump-tion. Indeed, the facility includes designated areas for reception, composting cells, drying and packaging, storage, a store, a service area, and a demonstration garden. Equipment needs are identified, including a Bobcat S70 for material handling, a small shredder for waste processing, and a small generator for backup power. The project emphasizes the importance of integrating sustainable practices in solid waste management, by utilizing appropriate technologies and considering local environmental conditions, the composting plant aims to serve as a model for similar initiatives in Lebanon and other regions with comparable challenges. The social and environmental impacts are thoroughly evaluated, underscoring the benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emissions, im-proved soil health, and enhanced community engagement in sustainable waste management practices. In essence, this research contributes to the broader goals of sustainable development by addressing the critical issue of organic waste management and promoting practices that align with environmental conservation and resource efficiency. The findings and recommen-dations provided in this study offer valuable insights for policymakers, engineers, and envi-ronmental practitioners aiming to implement effective waste management solutions in rural and agricultural communities across Lebanon.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/223502