This thesis deals with the main peculiarities of sustainable finance, elaborating on a dual perspective, both that of investors and thus of the market for sustainable investments and funds, and the one of companies using sustainable debt. The main objective of the research is to analyse the effectiveness of sustainability debt in generating positive effects on environmental, social and governance factors and reducing risk. In the case of the investor perspective, the analysis focuses on investigating the relationship that exists between fund performance and sustainability, and then proceeding to understand the methodology used to create sustainable funds. The results that emerged, supported by the existing literature, show that the creation of sustainable funds is often entrusted to asset management companies (SGRs), which adopt arbitrage policies in the selection of companies to be included in the funds. Furthermore, the creation of the funds depends on external companies that provide indices and ratings, operating in a poorly regulated market. The thesis highlights how discrepancies between the ratings and methodologies of sustainable fund creation by different evaluators generate ‘gaps’ that hinder the proper allocation of funds to sustainability objectives. Finally, the thesis, using funds’ performance reports, confirms the “Sustainability alpha” study’s results, according to which sustainable funds show performance in line with the market and not above, respecting the golden rule of the risk-return ratio. The second part of the thesis approaches the perspective of companies, specifically a list of the largest companies by capitalisation listed on the Italian market, analysing the effects of the introduction of sustainable debt on the cost of debt. The results give different verdicts for each company, due to a lack of uniformity in sustainable debt management strategies and the cost of debt itself, although a clear increase in sustainable debt emerges for almost all companies. The last analysis concerns the types of sustainable debt and their effects on companies.
Questa tesi tratta le principali peculiarità della finanza sostenibile, elaborando una duplice prospettiva, sia quella degli investitori e quindi del mercato degli investimenti e fondi sostenibili, sia quella delle società che utilizzano il debito sostenibile. Il principale obiettivo della ricerca è l’analisi dell’efficacia del titolo di sostenibilità nel generare effetti positivi sui fattori di ambiente, società e governance e ridurne il rischio. Nel caso della prospettiva per gli investitori, l’analisi verte su investigare la relazione che esite tra performance e sostenibilità dei fondi, andando in seguito a capire la metodologia di creazione dei fondi sostenibili. I risultati emersi, supportati dalla letteratura esistente, mostrano che la creazione dei fondi sostenibili è spesso affidata a società di gestione del risparmio (SGR), che adottano politiche di arbitraggio nella selezione delle società da includere nei fondi. Inoltre, la creazione dei fondi dipende da società esterne che forniscono indici e rating, operanti in un mercato scarsamente regolamentato. La tesi evidenzia come le discrepanze tra i rating e le metodologie di creazione dei fondi sostenibili da parte di differenti valutatori generino ‘gap’ che ostacolano una corretta allocazione dei fondi agli obiettivi di sostenibilità. Infine, la tesi, avvalendosi di report sulle performance dei fondi, conferma lo studio "Sustainability alpha", secondo cui i fondi sostenibili mostrano performance in linea con il mercato e non superiori, rispettando la regola aurea del rapporto rischio-ritorno. La seconda parte della tesi si avvicina alla prospettiva delle aziende, nello specifico una lista delle più grandi aziende per capitalizzazione quotate nel mercato italiano, analizzando gli effetti dell’introduzione del debito sostenibile sul costo del debito. I risultati emanano verdetti diversi per ogni azienda, a causa di mancanza di uniformità nelle strategie di gestione del debito sostenibile e nel costo del debito stesso, anche se quasi per tutte le aziende emerge un chiaro aumento del debito sostenibile. L’ultima analisi riguarda le tipologie di debito sostenibile e i loro effetti sulle aziende.
Sustainable finance duality: the perspective of companies and investors
DONNINI, EDOARDO
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis deals with the main peculiarities of sustainable finance, elaborating on a dual perspective, both that of investors and thus of the market for sustainable investments and funds, and the one of companies using sustainable debt. The main objective of the research is to analyse the effectiveness of sustainability debt in generating positive effects on environmental, social and governance factors and reducing risk. In the case of the investor perspective, the analysis focuses on investigating the relationship that exists between fund performance and sustainability, and then proceeding to understand the methodology used to create sustainable funds. The results that emerged, supported by the existing literature, show that the creation of sustainable funds is often entrusted to asset management companies (SGRs), which adopt arbitrage policies in the selection of companies to be included in the funds. Furthermore, the creation of the funds depends on external companies that provide indices and ratings, operating in a poorly regulated market. The thesis highlights how discrepancies between the ratings and methodologies of sustainable fund creation by different evaluators generate ‘gaps’ that hinder the proper allocation of funds to sustainability objectives. Finally, the thesis, using funds’ performance reports, confirms the “Sustainability alpha” study’s results, according to which sustainable funds show performance in line with the market and not above, respecting the golden rule of the risk-return ratio. The second part of the thesis approaches the perspective of companies, specifically a list of the largest companies by capitalisation listed on the Italian market, analysing the effects of the introduction of sustainable debt on the cost of debt. The results give different verdicts for each company, due to a lack of uniformity in sustainable debt management strategies and the cost of debt itself, although a clear increase in sustainable debt emerges for almost all companies. The last analysis concerns the types of sustainable debt and their effects on companies.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_7_Donnini_Executive_Summary_02.pdf
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2024_7_Donnini_Tesi_01.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/223781