Cement plants are one of the most polluting industries and great effort is being put into their decarbonization. This thesis investigates the reasons behind the high quantity of emissions of these plants, the current greenhouse gas capture technologies available for this industry, and the possible alternative solvents for chemical absorption. It moves on with the study of the characteristics of a cement plant flue gas, its implementation on Aspen Plus ® and ProTreat ® simulators in a typical amine absorption plant, with MEA aqueous solution, in order to carry out a plant optimization and then to evaluate the performance of such carbon capture and storage site for cement industry. Results from both simulations are discussed and compared. The experimental activity has also been carried out, focusing on the characterization of a solubility unit meant to be used to evaluate the carbon dioxide solubility in new green solvents, compare their performance and find more advantageous green solvents for industrial use. An industrially well-known solvent, that is monoethanolamine, has been firstly employed in order to set a precise and efficient procedure to use the experimental set up. All the features, the physical and theoretical development of the machine and the setting of a proper model for calculations are discussed. Then, new mixtures have been tested.
I cementifici sono tra le industrie maggiormente responsabili delle emissioni antropologiche di anidride carbonica, per questo motivo è riversato un elevato sforzo nella loro decarbonizzazione. Questa tesi si focalizza sullo studio dei cementifici in modo da identificare il processo e tutte le cause delle emissioni, identificare le tecnologie di Carbon Capture & Storage a disposizione e i possibili solventi alternativi per l’assorbimento chimico. Le caratteristiche del gas di scarico di un cementificio sono state studiate e implementate in due diversi simulatori di processo (Aspen Plus ® e ProTreat ®), sviluppando un tipico impianto di assorbimento con ammine, con una soluzione acquosa di monoetanolammina. L’impianto è stato ottimizzato in modo da verificare la performance nella cattura del gas serra. La sezione sperimentale si è concentrata sulla caratterizzazione di un’unità di solubilità utilizzata per studiare i fenomeni termodinamici legati all’assorbimento di anidride carbonica in diversi solventi provenienti da fonti rinnovabili, in modo da valutare e confrontare le performance e quindi poter individuare solventi con efficienza e caratteristiche più vantaggiose delle ammine per uso industriale. La monoetanolammina, che rappresenta il solvente più utilizzato in industria, è stata utilizzata per lo studio e per l’ottimizzazione della procedura di utilizzo. Infine, sono state considerate ulteriori miscele per effettuare dei test di solubilità con miscele alternative.
Experimental characterization of new solvents and simulation for CO2 absorption application to cement plants
BOLIS, LISA
2023/2024
Abstract
Cement plants are one of the most polluting industries and great effort is being put into their decarbonization. This thesis investigates the reasons behind the high quantity of emissions of these plants, the current greenhouse gas capture technologies available for this industry, and the possible alternative solvents for chemical absorption. It moves on with the study of the characteristics of a cement plant flue gas, its implementation on Aspen Plus ® and ProTreat ® simulators in a typical amine absorption plant, with MEA aqueous solution, in order to carry out a plant optimization and then to evaluate the performance of such carbon capture and storage site for cement industry. Results from both simulations are discussed and compared. The experimental activity has also been carried out, focusing on the characterization of a solubility unit meant to be used to evaluate the carbon dioxide solubility in new green solvents, compare their performance and find more advantageous green solvents for industrial use. An industrially well-known solvent, that is monoethanolamine, has been firstly employed in order to set a precise and efficient procedure to use the experimental set up. All the features, the physical and theoretical development of the machine and the setting of a proper model for calculations are discussed. Then, new mixtures have been tested.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2024_10_Bolis_Tesi.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
12.69 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
12.69 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
2024_10_Bolis_Executive summary.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Executive summary
Dimensione
1.06 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.06 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/225892