This thesis investigates the transformative potential of Metaverse technologies in Corporate Real Estate (CRE) management and their alignment with sustainability goals. The metaverse technologies, which integrate virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI), offers companies significant opportunities to optimize business operations by reducing the need for physical spaces. However, the use of these technologies for corporate real estate management remains anecdotal and there is a pressing need for understanding whether and how the technologies can improve real estate management and help meeting sustainability standards compared to traditional practices. Focusing on luxury fashion companies in Italy that have adopted these technologies, this thesis recognizes how the metaverse can foster sustainable practices in corporate real estate while enhancing operational efficiency. A systematic literature review on the metaverse’s state of the art and its role in promoting sustainability, particularly in CRE management, was conducted, analyzing 89 scientific papers from Scopus. The research conceptualizes the metaverse as an umbrella term for a variety of technologies and identifies their potential applications in corporate spaces aligned with sustainable goals. Research highlights that virtual environments can significantly cut CO₂ emissions by facilitating remote collaboration and reducing the need for physical travel and large-scale real estate facilities, particularly in industries such as fashion, where sustainability concerns are growing. Despite the growing literature regarding the metaverse and its potential, significant gaps remain, particularly regarding its role in corporate real estate and sustainability outcomes. These gaps raise important questions that remain unanswered in the current literature and form the basis for the empirical research in this thesis. Namely, how companies use metaverse technologies for the management of their real estate assets? What benefits and drawbacks do the adoption of these technologies have on sustainability outcomes? The methodology of this research involved a dataset of 200 Made-in-Italy companies, selected from the Orbis database. A total of 213 corporate documents were collected from the companies’ websites, including financial statements and corporate social sustainability reports. These documents were systematically analyzed using a keyword-based approach to identify the presence and use of metaverse-related technologies. Of the 200 companies, only 30 (15%) were actively engaged with metaverse-related technologies. However, this percentage rises to 53% when considering only the subset of companies for which documents were successfully retrieved (57 companies in total). Conversely, 170 companies (85%) did not adopt metaverse technologies, with the percentage dropping to 47% in the subset with available documents. The research also identified a predominance of technologies like Virtual Reality (VR) and virtual tools/environments, adopted by all 30 companies, followed by 3D (used by 26 companies), while Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) were adopted by 18 companies each. The results reveal that companies, particularly in the fashion and luxury sectors, have leveraged metaverse technologies such as virtual showrooms, immersive digital experiences, and interactive platforms to engage customers while managing their corporate real estate more sustainably. These findings highlight significant environmental benefits, including reduced energy consumption, minimized waste, and lower carbon emissions, thus reducing the ecological footprint. In addition, the study shows how the alignment of metaverse technologies with sustainability goals is manifested not only by reducing environmental impact, but also by promoting greater social inclusion through innovative digital experiences. By adopting these tools, companies in these sectors can pursue sustainability goals without compromising operational efficiency. However, the analysis also points to important challenges, particularly regarding the energy consumption associated with maintaining large-scale virtual environments. Data centers powering these platforms re energy-intensive, potentially offsetting sustainability gains if not managed properly. Companies must invest in energy-efficient technologies and prioritize renewable energy sources to fully align metaverse adoption with sustainability objectives. Additionally, financial and technological barriers, such as the high costs of building and maintaining metaverse platforms, must be carefully evaluated to assess the feasibility of widespread adoption. Overall, this research highlights the transformative potential of metaverse technologies in reshaping corporate real estate management while aligning with sustainability goals. Virtual environments not only reduce operational costs and minimize environmental impact but also offer innovative opportunities for customer engagement. Future research should prioritize improving the energy efficiency of metaverse platforms and exploring their broader applications across sectors like healthcare, education, and logistics. Companies aiming to integrate these technologies must adopt a forward-looking approach, ensuring their digital strategies are sustainable by carefully managing energy use and minimizing environmental impact in corporate real estate practices.
Questa tesi indaga il potenziale trasformativo delle tecnologie “metaverse-related” nella gestione del Corporate Real Estate (CRE) e il loro allineamento con gli obiettivi di sostenibilità. Le tecnologie del metaverso, che integrano realtà virtuale (VR), realtà aumentata (AR), blockchain e intelligenza artificiale (AI), offrono alle aziende significative opportunità di ottimizzare le operazioni aziendali riducendo la necessità di spazi fisici. Tuttavia, l'uso di queste tecnologie per il corporate real estate management rimane aneddotico e vi è una pressante necessità di capire se e come possano migliorare il real estate management e contribuire al rispetto degli standard di sostenibilità rispetto alle pratiche tradizionali. Concentrandosi sulle aziende di moda di lusso in Italia che hanno adottato queste tecnologie, questa tesi riconosce come il metaverso possa promuovere pratiche sostenibili nel settore immobiliare aziendale, migliorando al contempo l'efficienza operativa. È stata condotta una revisione sistematica della letteratura sullo stato dell'arte del metaverso e sul suo ruolo nella promozione della sostenibilità, in particolare nella gestione del CRE, analizzando 89 articoli scientifici da Scopus. La ricerca concepisce il metaverso come un termine ombrello per una varietà di tecnologie e identifica le loro potenziali applicazioni in spazi aziendali allineati con obiettivi sostenibili. La ricerca evidenzia che gli ambienti virtuali possono ridurre significativamente le emissioni di CO₂ facilitando la collaborazione a distanza e riducendo la necessità di spostamenti fisici e di strutture immobiliari su larga scala, in particolare in settori come la moda, dove le preoccupazioni per la sostenibilità sono in aumento. Nonostante la crescente letteratura sul metaverso e sul suo potenziale, rimangono delle lacune significative, in particolare per quanto riguarda il suo ruolo nel settore immobiliare aziendale e i risultati della sostenibilità. Queste lacune sollevano domande importanti che rimangono senza risposta nella letteratura attuale e costituiscono la base per la ricerca empirica di questa tesi. In particolare, come le aziende utilizzano le tecnologie metaverso per la gestione del proprio patrimonio immobiliare? Quali vantaggi e svantaggi ha l'adozione di queste tecnologie sui risultati della sostenibilità? La metodologia di questa ricerca ha coinvolto un campione di dati di 200 aziende del Made-in-Italy, selezionate dal database Orbis. Dai siti web delle aziende sono stati raccolti 213 documenti aziendali, tra cui bilanci e rapporti di sostenibilità sociale. Questi documenti sono stati analizzati sistematicamente utilizzando un approccio basato su parole chiave per identificare la presenza e l'uso di tecnologie legate al metaverso. Delle 200 aziende, solo 30 (15%) sono risultate attivamente impegnate con le tecnologie legate al metaverso. Tuttavia, questa percentuale sale al 53% se si considera solo il sottoinsieme di aziende per le quali i documenti sono stati recuperati con successo (57 aziende in totale). Al contrario, 170 aziende (85%) sono risultate non adottare tecnologie metaverso, con una percentuale che scende al 47% nel sottoinsieme con documenti disponibili. La ricerca ha inoltre individuato una predominanza di tecnologie come la Realtà Virtuale (VR) e gli strumenti/ambienti virtuali, adottati da tutte le 30 aziende, seguite dal 3D (utilizzato da 26 aziende), mentre Blockchain e Intelligenza Artificiale (AI) sono state adottate da 18 aziende ciascuna. I risultati rivelano che le aziende, in particolare nei settori della moda e del lusso, hanno sfruttato tecnologie metaverso come showroom virtuali, esperienze digitali immersive e piattaforme interattive per coinvolgere i clienti e gestire in modo più sostenibile i propri immobili aziendali. Questi risultati evidenziano significativi vantaggi ambientali, tra cui la riduzione del consumo energetico, la minimizzazione dei rifiuti e la diminuzione delle emissioni di carbonio, riducendo così l'impronta ecologica. Inoltre, lo studio mostra come l'allineamento delle tecnologie metaverso con gli obiettivi di sostenibilità si manifesti non solo con la riduzione dell'impatto ambientale, ma anche con la promozione di una maggiore inclusione sociale attraverso esperienze digitali innovative. Adottando questi strumenti, le aziende di questi settori sono in grado di perseguire gli obiettivi di sostenibilità senza compromettere l'efficienza operativa. Tuttavia, l'analisi evidenzia anche importanti sfide, in particolare per quanto riguarda il consumo energetico associato al mantenimento di ambienti virtuali su larga scala. I data centers che alimentano queste piattaforme sono ad alta intensità energetica e, se non gestiti correttamente, potrebbero annullare i guadagni in termini di sostenibilità. Le aziende devono investire in tecnologie efficienti dal punto di vista energetico e dare priorità alle fonti di energia rinnovabile per allineare completamente l'adozione del metaverso agli obiettivi di sostenibilità. Inoltre, le barriere finanziarie e tecnologiche, come gli alti costi di costruzione e manutenzione delle piattaforme metaverso, devono essere valutate attentamente per valutare la fattibilità di un'adozione diffusa. Nel complesso, questa ricerca evidenzia il potenziale di trasformazione delle tecnologie metaverso nel rimodellare la gestione degli immobili aziendali, allineandosi agli obiettivi di sostenibilità. Gli ambienti virtuali non solo riducono i costi operativi e minimizzano l'impatto ambientale, ma offrono anche opportunità innovative per il coinvolgimento dei clienti. La ricerca futura dovrebbe dare priorità al miglioramento dell'efficienza energetica delle piattaforme metaverso e all'esplorazione delle loro applicazioni più ampie in settori come la sanità, l'istruzione e la logistica. Le aziende che intendono integrare queste tecnologie devono adottare un approccio lungimirante, assicurando che le loro strategie digitali siano sostenibili gestendo attentamente l'uso dell'energia e riducendo al minimo l'impatto ambientale nelle pratiche immobiliari aziendali.
Exploring the potential of metaverse for corporate real estate: evidence from Made-in-Italy companies
Aronica, Chiara
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis investigates the transformative potential of Metaverse technologies in Corporate Real Estate (CRE) management and their alignment with sustainability goals. The metaverse technologies, which integrate virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI), offers companies significant opportunities to optimize business operations by reducing the need for physical spaces. However, the use of these technologies for corporate real estate management remains anecdotal and there is a pressing need for understanding whether and how the technologies can improve real estate management and help meeting sustainability standards compared to traditional practices. Focusing on luxury fashion companies in Italy that have adopted these technologies, this thesis recognizes how the metaverse can foster sustainable practices in corporate real estate while enhancing operational efficiency. A systematic literature review on the metaverse’s state of the art and its role in promoting sustainability, particularly in CRE management, was conducted, analyzing 89 scientific papers from Scopus. The research conceptualizes the metaverse as an umbrella term for a variety of technologies and identifies their potential applications in corporate spaces aligned with sustainable goals. Research highlights that virtual environments can significantly cut CO₂ emissions by facilitating remote collaboration and reducing the need for physical travel and large-scale real estate facilities, particularly in industries such as fashion, where sustainability concerns are growing. Despite the growing literature regarding the metaverse and its potential, significant gaps remain, particularly regarding its role in corporate real estate and sustainability outcomes. These gaps raise important questions that remain unanswered in the current literature and form the basis for the empirical research in this thesis. Namely, how companies use metaverse technologies for the management of their real estate assets? What benefits and drawbacks do the adoption of these technologies have on sustainability outcomes? The methodology of this research involved a dataset of 200 Made-in-Italy companies, selected from the Orbis database. A total of 213 corporate documents were collected from the companies’ websites, including financial statements and corporate social sustainability reports. These documents were systematically analyzed using a keyword-based approach to identify the presence and use of metaverse-related technologies. Of the 200 companies, only 30 (15%) were actively engaged with metaverse-related technologies. However, this percentage rises to 53% when considering only the subset of companies for which documents were successfully retrieved (57 companies in total). Conversely, 170 companies (85%) did not adopt metaverse technologies, with the percentage dropping to 47% in the subset with available documents. The research also identified a predominance of technologies like Virtual Reality (VR) and virtual tools/environments, adopted by all 30 companies, followed by 3D (used by 26 companies), while Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) were adopted by 18 companies each. The results reveal that companies, particularly in the fashion and luxury sectors, have leveraged metaverse technologies such as virtual showrooms, immersive digital experiences, and interactive platforms to engage customers while managing their corporate real estate more sustainably. These findings highlight significant environmental benefits, including reduced energy consumption, minimized waste, and lower carbon emissions, thus reducing the ecological footprint. In addition, the study shows how the alignment of metaverse technologies with sustainability goals is manifested not only by reducing environmental impact, but also by promoting greater social inclusion through innovative digital experiences. By adopting these tools, companies in these sectors can pursue sustainability goals without compromising operational efficiency. However, the analysis also points to important challenges, particularly regarding the energy consumption associated with maintaining large-scale virtual environments. Data centers powering these platforms re energy-intensive, potentially offsetting sustainability gains if not managed properly. Companies must invest in energy-efficient technologies and prioritize renewable energy sources to fully align metaverse adoption with sustainability objectives. Additionally, financial and technological barriers, such as the high costs of building and maintaining metaverse platforms, must be carefully evaluated to assess the feasibility of widespread adoption. Overall, this research highlights the transformative potential of metaverse technologies in reshaping corporate real estate management while aligning with sustainability goals. Virtual environments not only reduce operational costs and minimize environmental impact but also offer innovative opportunities for customer engagement. Future research should prioritize improving the energy efficiency of metaverse platforms and exploring their broader applications across sectors like healthcare, education, and logistics. Companies aiming to integrate these technologies must adopt a forward-looking approach, ensuring their digital strategies are sustainable by carefully managing energy use and minimizing environmental impact in corporate real estate practices.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2024_10_Aronica.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Dimensione
4.24 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
4.24 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227077