A flood is a natural disaster caused by excessive water inundating dry land, often due to heavy rainfall, river overflow, or snowmelt. Floods can cause widespread destruction, displacing communities and resulting in loss of life, as well as long-term economic and environmental damage. Recovery requires significant resources and coordination to restore affected areas and prevent future events. The legislation of the European Union includes the Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks, entered into force on 26 November 2007. In Italy the Directive 2007/60/EC has been adopted with D.Lgs. 49/2010 and with the operative tool PGRA - Piano di Gestione del Rischio Alluvioni, whose use is required by the Italian law to characterize and plan the necessary actions aimed at reducing the negative consequences of flood events on human health, territory, goods, environment, cultural heritage and the economic and social activities. The present work focuses on the Adda River and aims to develop a numerical methodology for modifying river bathymetry using remote sensing and field survey data, along with performing one-dimensional modeling, as well as fully two-dimensional modeling, based on the Diffusion Equation and Shallow Water Equation at the river scale. The input data for the hydrodynamic simulations were generated by combining various sources of information, including hydrological and hydraulic data, topographic data from digital terrain models (5m resolution) and ground surveys of river sections, as well as land use databases. This approach was applied to produce flood hazard maps, illustrating the flooded area, maximum water depth and velocity. Finally, the results obtained from different software and methods were compared to assess their accuracy and performance. This comparison allows for a critical evaluation of each approach's effectiveness in generating reliable outputs, identifying the strengths and limitations of the various tools and techniques used.
Un'alluvione è un disastro naturale causato dall'eccessiva quantità d'acqua che inonda terreni asciutti, spesso dovuta a forti piogge, esondazioni di fiumi o scioglimento della neve. Le alluvioni possono provocare distruzioni su vasta scala, spostando comunità e causando perdite di vite umane, oltre a danni economici e ambientali a lungo termine. Il recupero richiede risorse significative e un'ampia coordinazione per ripristinare le aree colpite e prevenire futuri eventi. La legislazione dell'Unione Europea include la Direttiva 2007/60/CE sulla valutazione e gestione dei rischi di alluvione, entrata in vigore il 26 novembre 2007. In Italia, la Direttiva 2007/60/CE è stata recepita con il D.Lgs. 49/2010 e con lo strumento operativo PGRA - Piano di Gestione del Rischio Alluvioni, il cui utilizzo è richiesto dalla legge italiana per caratterizzare e pianificare le azioni necessarie a ridurre le conseguenze negative degli eventi alluvionali sulla salute umana, sul territorio, sui beni, sull'ambiente, sul patrimonio culturale e sulle attività economiche e sociali. Il presente lavoro si concentra sul fiume Adda e mira a sviluppare una metodologia numerica per modificare la batimetria del fiume utilizzando dati di telerilevamento e rilievi di campo, oltre a eseguire modellazioni unidimensionali e completamente bidimensionali basate sull'Equazione di Diffusione e sull'Equazione delle Acque Basse a scala fluviale. I dati di input per le simulazioni idrodinamiche sono stati generati combinando varie fonti di informazione, inclusi dati idrologici e idraulici, dati topografici provenienti da modelli digitali del terreno (risoluzione 5m) e rilievi a terra delle sezioni fluviali, nonché banche dati sull'uso del suolo. Questo approccio è stato applicato per produrre mappe di pericolosità da alluvione, illustrando l'area allagata, la profondità massima dell'acqua e la velocità. Infine, i risultati ottenuti da diversi software e metodi sono stati confrontati per valutarne l'accuratezza e le prestazioni. Questo confronto permette una valutazione critica dell'efficacia di ciascun approccio nel generare risultati affidabili, identificando i punti di forza e le limitazioni degli strumenti e delle tecniche utilizzate.
Food hazard assessment by 1D and 2D hydrodynamic model
DALIRI SUSEFI, SAEID
2023/2024
Abstract
A flood is a natural disaster caused by excessive water inundating dry land, often due to heavy rainfall, river overflow, or snowmelt. Floods can cause widespread destruction, displacing communities and resulting in loss of life, as well as long-term economic and environmental damage. Recovery requires significant resources and coordination to restore affected areas and prevent future events. The legislation of the European Union includes the Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks, entered into force on 26 November 2007. In Italy the Directive 2007/60/EC has been adopted with D.Lgs. 49/2010 and with the operative tool PGRA - Piano di Gestione del Rischio Alluvioni, whose use is required by the Italian law to characterize and plan the necessary actions aimed at reducing the negative consequences of flood events on human health, territory, goods, environment, cultural heritage and the economic and social activities. The present work focuses on the Adda River and aims to develop a numerical methodology for modifying river bathymetry using remote sensing and field survey data, along with performing one-dimensional modeling, as well as fully two-dimensional modeling, based on the Diffusion Equation and Shallow Water Equation at the river scale. The input data for the hydrodynamic simulations were generated by combining various sources of information, including hydrological and hydraulic data, topographic data from digital terrain models (5m resolution) and ground surveys of river sections, as well as land use databases. This approach was applied to produce flood hazard maps, illustrating the flooded area, maximum water depth and velocity. Finally, the results obtained from different software and methods were compared to assess their accuracy and performance. This comparison allows for a critical evaluation of each approach's effectiveness in generating reliable outputs, identifying the strengths and limitations of the various tools and techniques used.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227092