Agrivoltaics is a new way of producing renewable energy, combining conventional photovoltaics with simultaneous agricultural activities beneath and between the solar panels. This technology is playing a key role in the Italian energy transition, particularly in reaching the decarbonization targets set for 2030. There are still few Agrivoltaics systems worldwide, with several possible construction characteristics, as no dominant system types, or best practices, have yet emerged. For this reason, the potential of a specific Agrivoltaics configuration already present in the Italian market has been investigated, and three different projects in the authorization phase were used as case studies. First, the incident radiation on the ground was simulated to understand the light distribution within the system and identify the areas most suitable for crop growth. Then, the land-use efficiency was examined to determine whether the combined use of fields for both agricultural and energy purposes is better than decoupling these activities: agriculture on one side and photovoltaics on the other. In the end, an economic analysis was conducted to estimate the financial returns from Agrivoltaics investments, deriving from both the energy and agricultural components. The ground irradiance simulation revealed a bell shaped light distribution, with maximum values primarily influenced by the spacing between the rows of photovoltaic modules. Differences related to the geographical location of the plants also emerged. Additionally, all case studies showed more efficient land use in the case of Agrivoltaics systems, with differences in results mainly due to the type of agricultural activity. Finally, the economic analysis indicated quicker returns on investment for agrivoltaics compared to traditional photovoltaic plants, with final cashflows being higher in two out of three case studies.
L’agrivoltaico è un nuovo modo di intendere l’energia rinnovabile, che unisce il fotovoltaico convenzionale con la contemporanea conduzione agricola, sotto e fra i pannelli fotovoltaici. Questa tecnologia sta assumendo un ruolo di primo piano nella transizione energetica italiana, in particolare per raggiungere i piani di decarbonizzazione fissati per il 2030. I campi agrivoltaici sono ancora pochi nel mondo e presentano caratteristiche costruttive diverse fra loro, poiché non si sono ancora affermati tipi dominanti di impianto né buone pratiche condivise. Per questo motivo, sono state indagate le potenzialità di una specifica configurazione di agrivoltaico, già presente nel mercato italiano, utilizzando come casi studio tre diversi impianti in fase di autorizzazione. Per prima cosa, è stata simulata la radiazione incidente al suolo, per comprendere la distribuzione della luce all’interno dell’impianto e individuare le zone più adatte alla crescita delle colture. Quindi, è stata indagata l’efficienza d’uso del suolo, per scoprire se l’utilizzo combinato dei terreni a fini agricoli e energetici possa essere preferibile rispetto a mantenere la separazione tra queste due attività: agricoltura da un lato e impianti fotovoltaici dall’altro. Infine, è stata svolta un’analisi economica per stimare i ritorni finanziari degli investimenti connessi agli impianti agrivoltaici, derivanti sia dalla componente energetica, sia da quella agricola. La simulazione della radiazione solare ha evidenziato una caratteristica foma a cupola nella distribuzione della luce al suolo, i cui valori massimi sono stati influenzati principalmente dalla distanza fra le file di moduli fotovoltaici. Sono emerse anche differenze relative alla localizzazione geografica degli impianti. Inoltre, tutti i casi studio hanno evidenziato un uso più efficiente del terreno nel caso di impianti agrivoltaici, con differenze nei risultati dovute principalmente al tipo di attività agricola. Infine, l’analisi economica ha mostrato ritorni dall’investimento in tempi più brevi in caso di agrivoltaico, quando confrontato con impianti fotovoltaici tradizionali, e i flussi di cassa finali sono risultati i più alti in due casi su tre.
Agrivoltaics in Italy: Technical Assessment and Simulation
Pace, Guido Giuseppe
2023/2024
Abstract
Agrivoltaics is a new way of producing renewable energy, combining conventional photovoltaics with simultaneous agricultural activities beneath and between the solar panels. This technology is playing a key role in the Italian energy transition, particularly in reaching the decarbonization targets set for 2030. There are still few Agrivoltaics systems worldwide, with several possible construction characteristics, as no dominant system types, or best practices, have yet emerged. For this reason, the potential of a specific Agrivoltaics configuration already present in the Italian market has been investigated, and three different projects in the authorization phase were used as case studies. First, the incident radiation on the ground was simulated to understand the light distribution within the system and identify the areas most suitable for crop growth. Then, the land-use efficiency was examined to determine whether the combined use of fields for both agricultural and energy purposes is better than decoupling these activities: agriculture on one side and photovoltaics on the other. In the end, an economic analysis was conducted to estimate the financial returns from Agrivoltaics investments, deriving from both the energy and agricultural components. The ground irradiance simulation revealed a bell shaped light distribution, with maximum values primarily influenced by the spacing between the rows of photovoltaic modules. Differences related to the geographical location of the plants also emerged. Additionally, all case studies showed more efficient land use in the case of Agrivoltaics systems, with differences in results mainly due to the type of agricultural activity. Finally, the economic analysis indicated quicker returns on investment for agrivoltaics compared to traditional photovoltaic plants, with final cashflows being higher in two out of three case studies.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Agrivoltaics in Italy Technical Assessment and Simulations Guido Giuseppe Pace.pdf
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5.68 MB
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Adobe PDF
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5.68 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Executive Summary Agrivoltaics in Italy Technical Assessment and SimulationsGGP.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati a partire dal 17/09/2025
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1.17 MB
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Adobe PDF
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1.17 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227184