Process plants venting is the practice of relieving units that reach critical pressure by releasing a gas phase stream into the atmosphere. The lambda exhaust is a standardized system that makes the vent pipe end rainproof via an open vertical blower. Professionals at BASF® brought up the opportunity to cooperate and study how the flow in the open blower might lead to predilution of the vented gas with air. This CFD work aimed at understanding the underlying turbulent entrainment mechanisms, finding the driving parameters of the problem and coming up with measures to assess both effectiveness and efficiency of the lambda venting system. The first step was understanding how the standard system works for a given size, parametrizing variables as mass flow rate, and species one at a time to evaluate how they individually affect the performance. Correlations were proposed for the DN80 size for working range and predilution estimations. A larger standard geometry was simulated to check the system size influence. Eventually, possibilities were explored to depart from the technical norm and enhance the entrainment with custom designs, including a Venturi variant. While tests to have working injectors were run to no avail, the altered flow field produced an unexpected entrainment boost.
Nell’industria di processo il venting è la pratica per cui, in caso di condizioni critiche in un’unità, si scarica la sovrappressione rilasciando gas in atmosfera. Lo scarico lambda è un apparato regolato da norma tecnica che ripara il condotto di scarico dalla pioggia tramite un tubo aperto verticale. Un team in BASF® ha proposto di collaborare a uno studio su come il flusso nel tubo aperto possa prediluire il gas scaricato con aria per effetto dell’entrainment, ossia il trascinamento fluidodinamico. Questo lavoro di fluidodinamica computazionale mira a comprendere i meccanismi turbolenti che generano l’entrainment, i parametri che governano il problema e formulare misure dell’efficacia e dell’efficienza dello scarico lambda. Il primo passo è stato capire in che modo funziona il sistema per una data dimensione standard, variando come parametri liberi la portata massica e la massa molecolare uno alla volta per valutarne l’influenza specifica sulle prestazioni. Correlazioni sono state proposte per l’intervallo di corretto funzionamento e la prediluizione stimata per il modello di dimensione DN80. Una versione standard di misura più grande è stata altresì simulata per verificare l’impatto della dimensioni del sistema. Infine, si è vagliata la possibilità di discostarsi dalla norma tecnica e aumentare l’entrainment con design originali, inclusa una variante con tubo di Venturi. Benché il tentativo di realizzare degli iniettori funzionanti non ha avuto buon esito, la perturbazione del campo di moto ha prodotto un inatteso incremento dell’entrainment.
Investigation of predilution capabilities of rainproof vent pipe exhaust lambda-ausbläser
Chiella, Alex
2023/2024
Abstract
Process plants venting is the practice of relieving units that reach critical pressure by releasing a gas phase stream into the atmosphere. The lambda exhaust is a standardized system that makes the vent pipe end rainproof via an open vertical blower. Professionals at BASF® brought up the opportunity to cooperate and study how the flow in the open blower might lead to predilution of the vented gas with air. This CFD work aimed at understanding the underlying turbulent entrainment mechanisms, finding the driving parameters of the problem and coming up with measures to assess both effectiveness and efficiency of the lambda venting system. The first step was understanding how the standard system works for a given size, parametrizing variables as mass flow rate, and species one at a time to evaluate how they individually affect the performance. Correlations were proposed for the DN80 size for working range and predilution estimations. A larger standard geometry was simulated to check the system size influence. Eventually, possibilities were explored to depart from the technical norm and enhance the entrainment with custom designs, including a Venturi variant. While tests to have working injectors were run to no avail, the altered flow field produced an unexpected entrainment boost.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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THESIS_CHIELLA.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis
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2.05 MB
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2.05 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Executive_CHIELLA.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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1.17 MB
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1.17 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227413