As the revolution of Industrialization , the global population grew rapidly, at the same time, more and more people from rural areas moved to cities, the process of urbanization was rapid, the uncontrolled expansion of cities invaded the farmland on the periphery of the cities, The size of the population continues to grow, swallowing it up in ever-increasing gulps and devouring agriculture and the countryside, urbanization even get bigger. With this comes an increasing demand for agricultural products, However, traditional intensive plowing and careful cultivation is not enough to meet the food supply, many countries start to explored the intensification of agricultural production to save labor and increase efficiency. In the mid-20th century, Western countries took the lead in the Green Revolution in agriculture, which included the imechanization of agricultural production tools, research and development of superior crops, and the use of fertilizers, herbicides and other techniques. It not only changed a lot of traditional agriculture landscape in rural areas but also deteriorate the Ecology condition in the farmland. As we know rural areas are the foundation of cities and provide a reserve of food sources. The destruction of farmland is a threat to food safety and a deterioration of the rural and urban environment. As the traditional agriculture is based on natural and local conditions, which is suitable to the local territory and integrate into local material exchange processes. This thesis, one the one hand, discuss the evolution on agriculture landscape under the urbanization process, on the other hand, from an agroecology perspective to re-think the function of agriculture landscape, this is a key point of sustainable agriculture. Facing the complex conditions in the contemporary agriculture, agronomist start to put their eyes on the agroecology. It seeks to improve agriculture system by harnessing natura processes. creating biological interactions and synergies among agroecosystem(Gliessman,1990). During the years, the explanation of the agroecology changed a lot from the scale to social movements. In this thesis, this theory is used to reflect the traditional agriculture and contemporary agriculture system, and discuss the agro-ecological value of traditional agriculture in the contemporary world.In order to discover the traditional agriculture evolution and the changes in agroecology, the case study is chosen in Foshan, China, it has a long history in traditional Mulberry Dike-pond system, which is a successful use of mudflat ,an unique artificial ecosystem with land and water resources, a integrated farming with mulberry, fruit trees and fishes. As the development of urbanization and the intense farming, the function as wetland and regulate the climate disappeared as well the local culture based on this system. In China, The study on mulberry and fish pond system had started from the middle of last century, most of the researches are focused on the remediation for the old ponds and the evaluation of ecology quality of the pond system and the transformation of the patterns. But in the current context of rapid urbanization, How to draw on ecological lessons from traditional agriculture system and apply agroecology method in a city scale is the new exploration this thesis aim to do for modern agriculture. This thesis also focus on the revolution in agricultural patterns including crops,typologies and surrounding enviroments to better understand what had happened in Dike-pond system under urbanization. Besides,In the context of chinese land transfer mechanism and the unique character of Dike-pond system,a multi-dimension and multi-actor desicion betwork is required to the management of Dike-pond system.How to integrate the Dike-pond system into the urban green network to realize the agro-ecological value needs to be innovated by multidisciplinary experts including planners,landscape architects and agro-ecologist etc.
Con la rivoluzione dell’industrializzazione, la popolazione globale è cresciuta rapidamente, mentre un numero sempre maggiore di persone dalle aree rurali si è trasferito nelle città. Il processo di urbanizzazione è stato rapido e l’espansione incontrollata delle città ha invaso le terre agricole alla periferia urbana. La popolazione ha continuato a crescere, divorando queste terre in maniera sempre più intensa e compromettendo l’agricoltura e le aree rurali, contribuendo così ad una crescente urbanizzazione. Contestualmente a questo processo, la domanda di prodotti agricoli è aumentata notevolmente. Tuttavia, l’aratura intensiva tradizionale e la coltivazione meticolosa non erano più sufficienti a soddisfare la domanda alimentare. Molti paesi hanno iniziato a esplorare la possibilità di intensificare la produzione agricola per risparmiare manodopera e aumentare l’efficienza. A metà del XX secolo, i paesi occidentali hanno guidato la Rivoluzione Verde in agricoltura, che ha incluso la meccanizzazione degli strumenti di produzione agricola, la ricerca e lo sviluppo di colture migliorate e l’uso di fertilizzanti, erbicidi e altre tecniche. Questi cambiamenti non solo hanno trasformato il paesaggio agricolo tradizionale delle aree rurali, ma hanno anche deteriorato le condizioni ecologiche dei terreni agricoli. Come sappiamo, le aree rurali sono la base delle città e forniscono riserve alimentari essenziali. La distruzione delle terre agricole rappresenta una minaccia alla sicurezza alimentare e un peggioramento dell’ambiente rurale e urbano. L’agricoltura tradizionale si basa su condizioni naturali e locali, ed è integrata nei processi di scambio di materiali propri del territorio. Questa tesi, da un lato, discute l’evoluzione del paesaggio agricolo nel contesto del processo di urbanizzazione; dall’altro, riconsidera la funzione del paesaggio agricolo dal punto di vista dell’agroecologia, un punto chiave per l’agricoltura sostenibile. Di fronte alle condizioni complesse dell’agricoltura contemporanea, gli agronomi hanno iniziato a concentrarsi sull’agroecologia, che cerca di migliorare i sistemi agricoli sfruttando i processi naturali, creando interazioni biologiche e sinergie all’interno dell’agroecosistema (Gliessman, 1990). Nel corso degli anni, la definizione di agroecologia è cambiata molto, ampliandosi fino a includere anche movimenti sociali. In questa tesi, tale teoria viene utilizzata per riflettere sui sistemi agricoli tradizionali e contemporanei, e per esplorare il valore agroecologico dell’agricoltura tradizionale nel mondo odierno. Per scoprire l’evoluzione dell’agricoltura tradizionale e i cambiamenti nell’agroecologia, il caso di studio scelto si trova a Foshan, in Cina, che ha una lunga storia legata al sistema tradizionale delle Dighe con gelsi e stagni. Questo sistema rappresenta un ecosistema artificiale unico che integra terra e risorse idriche, combinando gelsi, alberi da frutto e allevamento di pesci. Con lo sviluppo dell’urbanizzazione e l’agricoltura intensiva, la funzione del sistema come zona umida, regolatrice del clima, è scomparsa, insieme alla cultura locale che si era sviluppata attorno ad esso. In Cina, lo studio del sistema gelsi e stagni è iniziato a metà del secolo scorso. La maggior parte delle ricerche si è concentrata sul recupero degli stagni esistenti, sulla valutazione della qualità ecologica del sistema e sulla trasformazione dei suoi modelli. Tuttavia, nel contesto dell’urbanizzazione rapida, il modo in cui trarre lezioni ecologiche dal sistema agricolo tradizionale e applicare metodi agroecologici su scala urbana è un nuovo tema di esplorazione che questa tesi intende approfondire per l’agricoltura moderna. La tesi si focalizza anche sulla rivoluzione nei modelli agricoli, comprendendo le colture, le tipologie e gli ambienti circostanti, al fine di comprendere meglio cosa sia accaduto al sistema delle Dighe con gelsi e stagni nel contesto dell’urbanizzazione. Inoltre, considerando il meccanismo di trasferimento della terra in Cina e le caratteristiche uniche del sistema, una rete decisionale multi-dimensionale e multi-attore è necessaria per la gestione di questo sistema. Come integrare il sistema delle Dighe con gelsi e stagni nella rete verde urbana per realizzarne il valore agroecologico richiede l’innovazione di esperti multidisciplinari, tra cui urbanisti, architetti del paesaggio e agroecologi.
From field to landscape: exploring the evolution of the dike-pond landscape in foshan under urbanization and the agro-ecological value and spatial management mechanisms of dike-pond system
Shi, Lingling
2023/2024
Abstract
As the revolution of Industrialization , the global population grew rapidly, at the same time, more and more people from rural areas moved to cities, the process of urbanization was rapid, the uncontrolled expansion of cities invaded the farmland on the periphery of the cities, The size of the population continues to grow, swallowing it up in ever-increasing gulps and devouring agriculture and the countryside, urbanization even get bigger. With this comes an increasing demand for agricultural products, However, traditional intensive plowing and careful cultivation is not enough to meet the food supply, many countries start to explored the intensification of agricultural production to save labor and increase efficiency. In the mid-20th century, Western countries took the lead in the Green Revolution in agriculture, which included the imechanization of agricultural production tools, research and development of superior crops, and the use of fertilizers, herbicides and other techniques. It not only changed a lot of traditional agriculture landscape in rural areas but also deteriorate the Ecology condition in the farmland. As we know rural areas are the foundation of cities and provide a reserve of food sources. The destruction of farmland is a threat to food safety and a deterioration of the rural and urban environment. As the traditional agriculture is based on natural and local conditions, which is suitable to the local territory and integrate into local material exchange processes. This thesis, one the one hand, discuss the evolution on agriculture landscape under the urbanization process, on the other hand, from an agroecology perspective to re-think the function of agriculture landscape, this is a key point of sustainable agriculture. Facing the complex conditions in the contemporary agriculture, agronomist start to put their eyes on the agroecology. It seeks to improve agriculture system by harnessing natura processes. creating biological interactions and synergies among agroecosystem(Gliessman,1990). During the years, the explanation of the agroecology changed a lot from the scale to social movements. In this thesis, this theory is used to reflect the traditional agriculture and contemporary agriculture system, and discuss the agro-ecological value of traditional agriculture in the contemporary world.In order to discover the traditional agriculture evolution and the changes in agroecology, the case study is chosen in Foshan, China, it has a long history in traditional Mulberry Dike-pond system, which is a successful use of mudflat ,an unique artificial ecosystem with land and water resources, a integrated farming with mulberry, fruit trees and fishes. As the development of urbanization and the intense farming, the function as wetland and regulate the climate disappeared as well the local culture based on this system. In China, The study on mulberry and fish pond system had started from the middle of last century, most of the researches are focused on the remediation for the old ponds and the evaluation of ecology quality of the pond system and the transformation of the patterns. But in the current context of rapid urbanization, How to draw on ecological lessons from traditional agriculture system and apply agroecology method in a city scale is the new exploration this thesis aim to do for modern agriculture. This thesis also focus on the revolution in agricultural patterns including crops,typologies and surrounding enviroments to better understand what had happened in Dike-pond system under urbanization. Besides,In the context of chinese land transfer mechanism and the unique character of Dike-pond system,a multi-dimension and multi-actor desicion betwork is required to the management of Dike-pond system.How to integrate the Dike-pond system into the urban green network to realize the agro-ecological value needs to be innovated by multidisciplinary experts including planners,landscape architects and agro-ecologist etc.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227514