In the history of Western funerary architecture, Italian cemeteries have a unique development trajectory and have achieved significant accomplishments. This thesis focuses on contemporary cemetery design in Italy, attempting to comprehensively analyze its development and design characteristics. It aims to clarify its departure from traditional Italian cemeteries, differences from cemeteries in other regions of Europe and America, and how it reflects and promotes contemporary architectural reflection as a building type. The thesis combines historical research with design research, using specific methods such as literature review, site survey, and graphic analysis. Initially, through site surveys and literature review, more than 60 representative contemporary cemetery cases in Italy were collected and organized. At the same time, through literature study, the author clarified the historical development trajectory of Italian cemeteries, tracing back to the late 18th century when modern public cemeteries appeared. It outlined two cemetery traditions developed in the Western world since then: garden cemeteries represented by Northern Europe and North America, and monumental cemeteries represented by Italy and other Southern European countries. This reveals the unique conceptual model and spatial prototype of Italian cemeteries, This reflects the distinctive conceptual model and spatial archetype of the Italian cemetery, i.e. the city of the dead and the courtyard defined by fences. Based on the case database and the historical review, the thesis enumerates the design elements of contemporary Italian cemeteries and then discusses the cases in more depth in terms of three themes: layout organisation, dialogue between old and new, and material expression. Six patterns of contemporary Italian cemetery layouts and two tendencies of urbanisation/naturalisation were analysed; four ways of dialogue between the old and the new at different levels and more possibilities in the future were discussed; and emotional expression of monumentality in eight types of materials was elucidated. By means of these discussions, the thesis shows the pluralism of contemporary Italian cemeteries, the critical links with local traditions and other cultures, and tries to reflect on the relationship between cemeteries and contemporary culture, and on the role of Italian cemeteries in contributing to the development of Italian architecture.
Nella storia dell'architettura funeraria occidentale, i cimiteri italiani hanno una traiettoria di sviluppo unica e hanno raggiunto risultati significativi. Questa tesi si concentra sulla progettazione cimiteriale contemporanea in Italia, cercando di analizzarne in modo esaustivo lo sviluppo e le caratteristiche progettuali. L'obiettivo è quello di chiarire il suo distacco dai cimiteri tradizionali italiani, le differenze rispetto ai cimiteri di altre regioni d'Europa e d'America e il modo in cui riflette e promuove la riflessione architettonica contemporanea come tipo di edificio. La tesi combina la ricerca storica con la ricerca progettuale, utilizzando metodi specifici come la revisione della letteratura, il sopralluogo e l'analisi grafica. Inizialmente, attraverso il sopralluogo e la revisione della letteratura, sono stati raccolti e organizzati più di 60 casi rappresentativi di cimiteri contemporanei in Italia. Allo stesso tempo, attraverso lo studio della letteratura, l'autore ha chiarito la traiettoria di sviluppo storico dei cimiteri italiani, risalendo alla fine del XVIII secolo, quando sono apparsi i moderni cimiteri pubblici. Ha delineato due tradizioni cimiteriali sviluppatesi da allora nel mondo occidentale: i cimiteri giardino, rappresentati dal Nord Europa e dal Nord America, e i cimiteri monumentali, rappresentati dall'Italia e da altri Paesi dell'Europa meridionale. Questo riflette il modello concettuale e l'archetipo spaziale distintivo del cimitero italiano, ovvero la città dei morti e il cortile definito da recinzioni. Sulla base del database dei casi e della rassegna storica, la tesi enumera gli elementi progettuali dei cimiteri italiani contemporanei e poi discute i casi in modo più approfondito in termini di tre temi: organizzazione del layout, dialogo tra vecchio e nuovo ed espressione materiale. Sono stati analizzati sei modelli di layout dei cimiteri italiani contemporanei e due tendenze di urbanizzazione/naturalizzazione; sono stati discussi quattro modi di dialogo tra il vecchio e il nuovo a diversi livelli e più possibilità in futuro; è stata delucidata l'espressione emotiva della monumentalità in otto tipi di materiali. Attraverso queste discussioni, la tesi mostra il pluralismo dei cimiteri italiani contemporanei, i legami critici con le tradizioni locali e le altre culture, e cerca di riflettere sul rapporto tra cimiteri e cultura contemporanea e sul ruolo dei cimiteri italiani nel contribuire allo sviluppo dell'architettura italiana.
In memory of existence: the design of contemporary italian cemeteries
Guo, Yichuan
2023/2024
Abstract
In the history of Western funerary architecture, Italian cemeteries have a unique development trajectory and have achieved significant accomplishments. This thesis focuses on contemporary cemetery design in Italy, attempting to comprehensively analyze its development and design characteristics. It aims to clarify its departure from traditional Italian cemeteries, differences from cemeteries in other regions of Europe and America, and how it reflects and promotes contemporary architectural reflection as a building type. The thesis combines historical research with design research, using specific methods such as literature review, site survey, and graphic analysis. Initially, through site surveys and literature review, more than 60 representative contemporary cemetery cases in Italy were collected and organized. At the same time, through literature study, the author clarified the historical development trajectory of Italian cemeteries, tracing back to the late 18th century when modern public cemeteries appeared. It outlined two cemetery traditions developed in the Western world since then: garden cemeteries represented by Northern Europe and North America, and monumental cemeteries represented by Italy and other Southern European countries. This reveals the unique conceptual model and spatial prototype of Italian cemeteries, This reflects the distinctive conceptual model and spatial archetype of the Italian cemetery, i.e. the city of the dead and the courtyard defined by fences. Based on the case database and the historical review, the thesis enumerates the design elements of contemporary Italian cemeteries and then discusses the cases in more depth in terms of three themes: layout organisation, dialogue between old and new, and material expression. Six patterns of contemporary Italian cemetery layouts and two tendencies of urbanisation/naturalisation were analysed; four ways of dialogue between the old and the new at different levels and more possibilities in the future were discussed; and emotional expression of monumentality in eight types of materials was elucidated. By means of these discussions, the thesis shows the pluralism of contemporary Italian cemeteries, the critical links with local traditions and other cultures, and tries to reflect on the relationship between cemeteries and contemporary culture, and on the role of Italian cemeteries in contributing to the development of Italian architecture.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_10_Guo_Thesis booklet_01.pdf
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2024_10_Guo_Drawing plates_02.pdf
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58.26 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227545