The conflict in Darfur, which began in 2003, has resulted in widespread violence, displacement, and humanitarian crises, forcing millions of people to flee their homes. This ongoing conflict has led to the establishment of numerous camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) throughout the region, with over 60 camps still in operation, including Kalma Camp in South Darfur. These camps, initially intended as temporary shelters, have housed displaced populations for over two decades, highlighting the need for long-term solutions that address the protracted nature of displacement. Kalma Camp, one of the largest, has become emblematic of the broader challenge in Darfur, where IDPs continue to face harsh living conditions and limited access to essential services. The thesis „Living Darfur: On Post-War Resettlement“ focuses on transforming Kalma Camp in South Darfur, Sudan, from a temporary shelter for internally displaced persons (IDPs) into a sustainable, permanent settlement. With the camp existing for over 20 years, the core argument of this project is that such long-standing camps are no longer temporary but should be reimagined and developed into cities with proper infrastructure. This approach aims to elevate the quality of life for IDPs, providing them with the means to settle, build permanent homes, and create stable communities for themselves and future generations. A key feature of the project is the strategic relocation of two flood-prone sectors of the camp to the southern part of the site. To mitigate seasonal flooding, a system of water canals was introduced to channel floodwaters from the northern valley to the southern valley. Complementing this is the creation of a green belt to the north of the camp, which serves as a flood barrier during the wet season and transforms into public spaces and parks during the dry season, adding recreational and communal areas for residents. The project also integrates essential social infrastructure, such as the construction of schools in each neighborhood and the design of public spaces to foster community interaction. By using local materials and traditional building techniques, the project not only enhances the physical environment but also strengthens the community’s resilience. Ultimately, this thesis advocates for the rethinking of long-standing camps as future cities, providing displaced populations with the infrastructure and opportunities necessary for permanent, dignified living.
Il conflitto in Darfur, iniziato nel 2003, ha provocato violenze diffuse, sfollamenti e crisi umanitarie, costringendo milioni di persone ad abbandonare le proprie case. Questo conflitto in corso ha portato alla creazione di numerosi campi per sfollati interni (IDP) in tutta la regione, con oltre 60 campi ancora operativi, incluso il campo di Kalma nel Sud Darfur. Questi campi, inizialmente intesi come rifugi temporanei, hanno ospitato popolazioni sfollate per oltre due decenni, evidenziando la necessità di soluzioni a lungo termine che affrontino la natura prolungata dello sfollamento. Il campo di Kalma, uno dei più grandi, è diventato l’emblema della sfida più ampia in Darfur, dove gli sfollati interni continuano ad affrontare condizioni di vita dure e un accesso limitato ai servizi essenziali. La tesi „Living Darfur: On Post-War Resettlement“ si concentra sulla trasformazione del campo di Kalma nel Sud Darfur, in Sudan, da un rifugio temporaneo per sfollati interni (IDP) in un insediamento permanente e sostenibile. Dato che il campo esiste da oltre 20 anni, l’argomento centrale di questo progetto è che questi campi di lunga data non sono più temporanei ma dovrebbero essere ripensati e trasformati in città dotate di infrastrutture adeguate. Questo approccio mira a migliorare la qualità della vita degli sfollati interni, fornendo loro i mezzi per stabilirsi, costruire case permanenti e creare comunità stabili per se stessi e per le generazioni future. Una caratteristica fondamentale del progetto è il trasferimento strategico di due settori del campo soggetti a inondazioni nella parte meridionale del sito. Per mitigare le inondazioni stagionali, è stato introdotto un sistema di canali d‘acqua per convogliare le acque alluvionali dalla valle settentrionale a quella meridionale. A complemento di ciò c’è la creazione di una cintura verde a nord del campo, che funge da barriera contro le inondazioni durante la stagione delle piogge e si trasforma in spazi pubblici e parchi durante la stagione secca, aggiungendo aree ricreative e comuni per i residenti. Il progetto integra anche infrastrutture sociali essenziali, come la costruzione di scuole in ogni quartiere e la progettazione di spazi pubblici per favorire l’interazione della comunità. Utilizzando materiali locali e tecniche di costruzione tradizionali, il progetto non solo migliora l’ambiente fisico, ma rafforza anche la resilienza della comunità. In definitiva, questa tesi sostiene il ripensamento dei campi di lunga data come città future, fornendo alle popolazioni sfollate le infrastrutture e le opportunità necessarie per una vita permanente e dignitosa.
Living Darfur : on post war resettlement
Abdallah Mohammed Abdalgadir, Huda
2023/2024
Abstract
The conflict in Darfur, which began in 2003, has resulted in widespread violence, displacement, and humanitarian crises, forcing millions of people to flee their homes. This ongoing conflict has led to the establishment of numerous camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) throughout the region, with over 60 camps still in operation, including Kalma Camp in South Darfur. These camps, initially intended as temporary shelters, have housed displaced populations for over two decades, highlighting the need for long-term solutions that address the protracted nature of displacement. Kalma Camp, one of the largest, has become emblematic of the broader challenge in Darfur, where IDPs continue to face harsh living conditions and limited access to essential services. The thesis „Living Darfur: On Post-War Resettlement“ focuses on transforming Kalma Camp in South Darfur, Sudan, from a temporary shelter for internally displaced persons (IDPs) into a sustainable, permanent settlement. With the camp existing for over 20 years, the core argument of this project is that such long-standing camps are no longer temporary but should be reimagined and developed into cities with proper infrastructure. This approach aims to elevate the quality of life for IDPs, providing them with the means to settle, build permanent homes, and create stable communities for themselves and future generations. A key feature of the project is the strategic relocation of two flood-prone sectors of the camp to the southern part of the site. To mitigate seasonal flooding, a system of water canals was introduced to channel floodwaters from the northern valley to the southern valley. Complementing this is the creation of a green belt to the north of the camp, which serves as a flood barrier during the wet season and transforms into public spaces and parks during the dry season, adding recreational and communal areas for residents. The project also integrates essential social infrastructure, such as the construction of schools in each neighborhood and the design of public spaces to foster community interaction. By using local materials and traditional building techniques, the project not only enhances the physical environment but also strengthens the community’s resilience. Ultimately, this thesis advocates for the rethinking of long-standing camps as future cities, providing displaced populations with the infrastructure and opportunities necessary for permanent, dignified living.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227608