This work addresses the topic of measuring projectile velocity. In various fields, such as forensic ballistics or the design of firearms and ammunition, it is a key subject, and considerable attention is devoted to it to ensure continuous and in-depth research. To create a solid foundation for better understanding the dynamics of the topic, the first part of this text covers the theory of external ballistics, which is the study of the projectile's motion during its flight path after leaving the barrel and before impact. The central part of the thesis is dedicated to the study of the main instruments useful for measuring the velocity of a projectile. Particular interest is shown in the most advanced and widely used instruments, such as the light screen system, the microphone instrumentation system, and Doppler radar technology. For each case, technical and scientific articles have been studied and analyzed to describe their operation, main features, and possible practical applications. The methods by which these instruments can be used are examined in detail to obtain precise measurements and to maximize efficiency and accuracy during the measurement phase. Finally, an experimental session personally conducted at a shooting range is presented, where some of the measurement systems described were used. The adopted methodologies, experimental conditions, and results obtained are reported. Through a critical analysis of the performance of each system, the experimental test highlighted potential practical limitations and possible areas for improvement for future research and applications.
Questo elaborato tratta il tema della misurazione della velocità dei proiettili. In diversi campi, come la balistica forense o la progettazione di armi da fuoco e munizioni, è un argomento cardine e molta attenzione viene concentrata su di essa per garantire una ricerca costante e approfondita. Allo scopo di creare una base solida per comprendere al meglio le dinamiche dell’argomento, nella prima parte di questo testo viene affrontata la teoria della balistica esterna, ovvero lo studio del moto del proiettile nel tratto di volo successivo all’uscita della canna e prima dell’impatto. La parte centrale della tesi è dedicata allo studio delle principali strumentazioni utili alla misurazione della velocità di un proiettile. Particolare interesse viene dimostrato sugli strumenti attualmente più avanzati e diffusi come il sistema a schermi luminosi, il sistema a strumentazione microfonica o il radar a tecnologia Doppler. Per ciascun caso sono stati studiati ed analizzati articoli tecnici e scientifici che ne descrivono il funzionamento, le caratteristiche principali e le possibili applicazioni pratiche. Vengono esaminati nel dettaglio le modalità con cui questi strumenti possono essere utilizzati allo scopo di poterne ottenere misurazioni precise e massimizzare l’efficienza e l’accuratezza durante la fase di misurazione. Infine, viene presentata una sessione sperimentale svolta personalmente presso un poligono di tiro, dove sono stati utilizzati alcuni dei sistemi di misurazione descritti. Vengono riportate le metodologie adottate, le condizioni sperimentali e i risultati ottenuti. Attraverso un’analisi critica delle prestazioni di ciascun sistema, la prova sperimentale ha permesso di evidenziare le potenziali limitazioni pratiche e le possibili aree di miglioramento per future ricerche e applicazioni.
External ballistics: projectile speed measurement techniques and possible applications
LIISTRO, MARCO
2023/2024
Abstract
This work addresses the topic of measuring projectile velocity. In various fields, such as forensic ballistics or the design of firearms and ammunition, it is a key subject, and considerable attention is devoted to it to ensure continuous and in-depth research. To create a solid foundation for better understanding the dynamics of the topic, the first part of this text covers the theory of external ballistics, which is the study of the projectile's motion during its flight path after leaving the barrel and before impact. The central part of the thesis is dedicated to the study of the main instruments useful for measuring the velocity of a projectile. Particular interest is shown in the most advanced and widely used instruments, such as the light screen system, the microphone instrumentation system, and Doppler radar technology. For each case, technical and scientific articles have been studied and analyzed to describe their operation, main features, and possible practical applications. The methods by which these instruments can be used are examined in detail to obtain precise measurements and to maximize efficiency and accuracy during the measurement phase. Finally, an experimental session personally conducted at a shooting range is presented, where some of the measurement systems described were used. The adopted methodologies, experimental conditions, and results obtained are reported. Through a critical analysis of the performance of each system, the experimental test highlighted potential practical limitations and possible areas for improvement for future research and applications.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: External Ballistics: Projectile Speed Measurement Techniques and Possible Applications
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/227736