The thesis proposes a design strategy for historic urban landscapes in Chinese cities by decoding the construction rules of historic gardens. The definition of Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) proposed in 2011 demonstrated planning and management strategies. However, the design tools of HUL are still missing and restricting in crucial built heritages evaluated by government and the replicas of historic features to establish a mere visual homogeneity. Moreover, the cliché of the fragmented issue of the historic urban landscape raised new problems in cities with former concessions, such as Tianjin, Wuhan, and Shanghai. Nonetheless, the “Garden City Movement” has interpreted the “artificial nature” image highlighted by constructing greenery system into the urban landscape of concession cities starting in the 20th century, particularly Tianjin. It applied the naturalistic principles developed in modern British cities to concessions in Chinese cities, affecting the placement of urban functions, road networks, and the urban fabric. Traditional Chinese architecture distributed in the British urban transportation network surrounded by French-style gardens has historical legitimacy. This also provides the chance for us to rethink the historic urban landscape from the perspective of historic gardens. The 'Garden City' theory, rooted in the planning guidance of concessions in Tianjin and the construction of Tianjin’s old town with natural landscape along the Grand Canal, prompts an examination of historic garden principle. Chinese classical gardens and British picturesque gardens reveal their structural potential for integrating distinct elements into a cohesive system due to the primitive pursuit of naturalness. The research aim is to extract design strategies for HUL according to the compositional rules of two types of garden mentioned above. The methodology includes the literature review, theoretical investigation, case studies by graphic interpretation, as well as the design proposals for Tianjin. Finally, the conclusion suggests 6 Rules of Garden for HUL enhancement.
La tesi propone una strategia di progettazione per i paesaggi urbani storici nelle città cinesi decodificando le regole costruttive dei giardini storici. La definizione di Paesaggio Urbano Storico (HUL) proposta nel 2011 ha introdotto strategie di pianificazione e gestione. Tuttavia, mancano ancora strumenti progettuali per l'HUL, il che limita la protezione dei patrimoni costruiti cruciali valutati dal governo e favorisce la replicazione di elementi storici che mirano a una semplice omogeneità visiva. Inoltre, il problema frammentario dei paesaggi urbani storici ha sollevato nuove sfide in città con ex concessioni, come Tianjin, Wuhan e Shanghai. Tuttavia, il “Garden City Movement” ha interpretato l’immagine di una “natura artificiale” attraverso la costruzione di un sistema di aree verdi nel paesaggio urbano delle città con concessioni a partire dal XX secolo, in particolare a Tianjin. Questo movimento ha applicato i principi naturalistici sviluppati nelle città britanniche moderne alle concessioni nelle città cinesi, influenzando la disposizione delle funzioni urbane, delle reti stradali e del tessuto urbano. L'architettura tradizionale cinese inserita nella rete dei trasporti urbani britannica, circondata da giardini in stile francese, possiede una legittimità storica. Ciò offre anche l'opportunità di ripensare il paesaggio urbano storico dalla prospettiva dei giardini storici. La teoria della “Garden City”, radicata nelle linee guida di pianificazione delle concessioni di Tianjin e nella costruzione del centro storico di Tianjin con paesaggi naturali lungo il Gran Canale, invita a esaminare i principi dei giardini storici. I giardini classici cinesi e i giardini pittoreschi britannici rivelano il loro potenziale strutturale per integrare elementi distinti in un sistema coeso grazie alla ricerca primitiva della naturalità. L'obiettivo della ricerca è estrarre strategie di progettazione per l'HUL secondo le regole compositive dei due tipi di giardino menzionati. La metodologia include una revisione della letteratura, indagini teoriche, studi di caso con interpretazione grafica e proposte progettuali per Tianjin. Infine, la conclusione suggerisce 6 Regole del Giardino per il miglioramento dell'HUL
Historic garden approach to historic urban landscape: design principles for Tianjin's Old Town and former concessions
Zhao, Dongqi
2024/2025
Abstract
The thesis proposes a design strategy for historic urban landscapes in Chinese cities by decoding the construction rules of historic gardens. The definition of Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) proposed in 2011 demonstrated planning and management strategies. However, the design tools of HUL are still missing and restricting in crucial built heritages evaluated by government and the replicas of historic features to establish a mere visual homogeneity. Moreover, the cliché of the fragmented issue of the historic urban landscape raised new problems in cities with former concessions, such as Tianjin, Wuhan, and Shanghai. Nonetheless, the “Garden City Movement” has interpreted the “artificial nature” image highlighted by constructing greenery system into the urban landscape of concession cities starting in the 20th century, particularly Tianjin. It applied the naturalistic principles developed in modern British cities to concessions in Chinese cities, affecting the placement of urban functions, road networks, and the urban fabric. Traditional Chinese architecture distributed in the British urban transportation network surrounded by French-style gardens has historical legitimacy. This also provides the chance for us to rethink the historic urban landscape from the perspective of historic gardens. The 'Garden City' theory, rooted in the planning guidance of concessions in Tianjin and the construction of Tianjin’s old town with natural landscape along the Grand Canal, prompts an examination of historic garden principle. Chinese classical gardens and British picturesque gardens reveal their structural potential for integrating distinct elements into a cohesive system due to the primitive pursuit of naturalness. The research aim is to extract design strategies for HUL according to the compositional rules of two types of garden mentioned above. The methodology includes the literature review, theoretical investigation, case studies by graphic interpretation, as well as the design proposals for Tianjin. Finally, the conclusion suggests 6 Rules of Garden for HUL enhancement.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Doctoral Dissertation of Dongqi ZHAO.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/229866