Introduction The healthcare system has undergone significant transformations, including a shift towards a patient-centered care model and decentralization of hospitals. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the limitations of the hospital-centric model, serving as a wake-up call that well-being encompasses more than just physical health, it also includes mental, emotional, and social health. This underscored the need for community-based social-health networks to support public well-being. In response, the European Union allocated funds through the Next Generation EU (NGEU) plan to Italy’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), leading to the establishment of Community Health Centers (CHCs) to strengthen healthcare and promote community well-being. These Community Health Centers function as multi-purpose health hubs, offering a blend of socio-health, social, and community services alongside medical care to enhance the overall well-being of patients, visitors, and staff. However, despite the recognized need for such integration, there is still a lack of clear guidelines on the true meaning of social and community services and how to effectively incorporate them into CHC design. Aim The research aims to improve CHC design by developing design guidelines that prioritize social and community aspects. It leverages the opportunity provided by the reform of the Italian National Health System (NHS) and the challenges highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focuses on understanding the role community and social services within Community Health Centers, and explores a multidisciplinary approach to create a CHC design framework that integrates socio-health, social, community, and medical health services effectively. Methodology The research methodology consists of four phases: First, it involves a comprehensive review of theoretical knowledge to establish a foundational understanding of social, community, and well-being in CHCs' design strategies. Second, it entails finding the design indicators regarding social and community aspects following a systematic literature review. Third, it includes gathering empirical data through case studies to identify best practices and qualitative design indicators in current CHC design approaches. Fourth, the insights gathered in each step led to the development of the final version of the meta-design guideline in CHC. Results The performance of Community Health Center (CHC) is significantly enhanced by incorporating the social and community-focused design elements. An improved CHC design not only creates accessible healthcare but also promotes overall well-being within the community. Therefore, The CHC becomes a recognizable and inclusive reference point for the community it serves.
Introduzione Il sistema sanitario ha subito trasformazioni significative, tra cui un passaggio a un modello di assistenza incentrato sul paziente e la decentralizzazione degli ospedali. La pandemia di COVID-19 ha messo in luce i limiti del modello incentrato sull'ospedale, fungendo da campanello d'allarme: il benessere comprende più della semplice salute fisica, ma anche la salute mentale, emotiva e sociale. Ciò ha sottolineato la necessità di reti socio-sanitarie basate sulla comunità per supportare il benessere pubblico. In risposta, l'Unione Europea ha stanziato fondi attraverso il piano Next Generation EU (NGEU) al Piano nazionale di ripresa e resilienza (NRRP) dell'Italia, portando all'istituzione di Centri sanitari comunitari (CHC) per rafforzare l'assistenza sanitaria e promuovere il benessere della comunità. Questi Centri sanitari comunitari funzionano come centri sanitari multifunzionali, offrendo una combinazione di servizi socio-sanitari, sociali e comunitari insieme all'assistenza medica per migliorare il benessere generale di pazienti, visitatori e personale. Tuttavia, nonostante la riconosciuta necessità di tale integrazione, mancano ancora linee guida chiare sul vero significato dei servizi sociali e comunitari e su come incorporarli efficacemente nella progettazione dei CHC. Obiettivo La ricerca mira a migliorare la progettazione dei CHC sviluppando linee guida di progettazione che diano priorità agli aspetti sociali e comunitari. Sfrutta l'opportunità offerta dalla riforma del Sistema Sanitario Nazionale (NHS) italiano e le sfide evidenziate dalla pandemia di COVID-19. Lo studio si concentra sulla comprensione del ruolo della comunità e dei servizi sociali all'interno dei centri sanitari comunitari ed esplora un approccio multidisciplinare per creare un quadro di progettazione dei CHC che integri efficacemente i servizi socio-sanitari, sociali, comunitari e medici. Metodologia La metodologia di ricerca consiste in quattro fasi: in primo luogo, comporta una revisione completa delle conoscenze teoriche per stabilire una comprensione fondamentale degli aspetti sociali, comunitari e del benessere nelle strategie di progettazione dei CHC. In secondo luogo, comporta la ricerca degli indicatori di progettazione riguardanti gli aspetti sociali e comunitari a seguito di una revisione sistematica della letteratura. In terzo luogo, include la raccolta di dati empirici attraverso casi di studio per identificare le migliori pratiche e gli indicatori di progettazione qualitativi negli attuali approcci di progettazione dei CHC. In quarto luogo, le intuizioni raccolte in ogni fase hanno portato allo sviluppo della versione finale delle linee guida di meta-progettazione nei CHC. Risultati Le prestazioni del Community Health Center (CHC) sono notevolmente migliorate dall'incorporazione di elementi di design incentrati sulla comunità e sul sociale. Un design CHC migliorato non solo crea un'assistenza sanitaria accessibile, ma promuove anche il benessere generale all'interno della comunità. Pertanto, il CHC diventa un punto di riferimento riconoscibile e inclusivo per la comunità che serve.
Community health centers as local reference nodes : social and community design strategy aimed at developing holistic well-being facilities
Yaraghi, Yasamin
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction The healthcare system has undergone significant transformations, including a shift towards a patient-centered care model and decentralization of hospitals. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the limitations of the hospital-centric model, serving as a wake-up call that well-being encompasses more than just physical health, it also includes mental, emotional, and social health. This underscored the need for community-based social-health networks to support public well-being. In response, the European Union allocated funds through the Next Generation EU (NGEU) plan to Italy’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), leading to the establishment of Community Health Centers (CHCs) to strengthen healthcare and promote community well-being. These Community Health Centers function as multi-purpose health hubs, offering a blend of socio-health, social, and community services alongside medical care to enhance the overall well-being of patients, visitors, and staff. However, despite the recognized need for such integration, there is still a lack of clear guidelines on the true meaning of social and community services and how to effectively incorporate them into CHC design. Aim The research aims to improve CHC design by developing design guidelines that prioritize social and community aspects. It leverages the opportunity provided by the reform of the Italian National Health System (NHS) and the challenges highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focuses on understanding the role community and social services within Community Health Centers, and explores a multidisciplinary approach to create a CHC design framework that integrates socio-health, social, community, and medical health services effectively. Methodology The research methodology consists of four phases: First, it involves a comprehensive review of theoretical knowledge to establish a foundational understanding of social, community, and well-being in CHCs' design strategies. Second, it entails finding the design indicators regarding social and community aspects following a systematic literature review. Third, it includes gathering empirical data through case studies to identify best practices and qualitative design indicators in current CHC design approaches. Fourth, the insights gathered in each step led to the development of the final version of the meta-design guideline in CHC. Results The performance of Community Health Center (CHC) is significantly enhanced by incorporating the social and community-focused design elements. An improved CHC design not only creates accessible healthcare but also promotes overall well-being within the community. Therefore, The CHC becomes a recognizable and inclusive reference point for the community it serves.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/229903