Modern helicopter rotor blades are predominantly made of composite materials such as glass and carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The dynamic and complex loading condition to which these blades are subjected bring lot of attention to the investigation of their most critical damage modes. Among these, delamination is particularly common, occurring frequently in curved regions due to their intricate geometry and inside adhesive, used to joint together composite subparts. This type of damage can result from both static and fatigue loading. This thesis investigates key aspects that typically affect helicopter rotor blades’ struc- tural integrity: Mode II delamination inside the adhesive layer and Mode I delamination in curved regions. Some in-depth analyses of both these loading conditions have been assessed in order to increase the knowledge behind these phenomena, which are charac- terized by very few previous studies. The study begins with the design and the manufacturing of composite specimens, followed by a static and fatigue testing campaign. The impact of potential manufacturing defects on the performance of the specimens is also analyzed. Lastly, some numerical correlations are performed in order to capture the most relevant aspects of each component and to evaluate the predictive accuracy of different modeling approaches, like the cohesive zone model and the hybrid-biphasic technique.
Le pale dei rotori degli elicotteri moderni sono comunemente realizzate con materiali compositi, come quelli in fibre di vetro o di carbonio. Le condizioni di carico dinamiche ed instabili a cui sono tipicamente sottoposte rende di fondamentale importanza uno studio sulle loro modalità di danneggiamento più critiche. Tra queste, la delaminazione è la più comune. Essa avviene frequentemente nelle regioni curve a causa della loro geometria complessa e all’interno degli strati adesivi utilizzati per unire le diverse parti composite. Questo tipo di danno può essere causato sia da carichi statici che da carichi a fatica. Questo lavoro di tesi indaga aspetti chiave che influenzano l’integrità strutturale delle pale degli elicotteri: la delaminazione in Modo II all’interno dello strato adesivo e la delami- nazione in Modo I nelle parti angolari. Sono state approfondite entrambe queste condizioni di carico al fine di aumentare la conoscenza alla base di questi fenomeni, investigati sino ad oggi in maniera poco diffusa. Lo studio inizia con la progettazione e la realizzazione dei provini in materiale composito, seguita poi dai test statici e a fatica. Particolare attenzione è data anche allo studio dell’impatto di eventuali difetti di produzione sulla performance dei provini. Successiva- mente, vengono presentati modelli numerici creati per riprodurre i risultati sperimentali, valutando la capacità di prevedere l’evoluzione del danno di diversi approcci di model- lazione, come i modelli a zona coesiva e la tecnica ibrida-bifasica.
Interface damage propagation in glass and carbon reinforced composite rotorcraft elements
Blundo, Leonardo;CASILLO, CHIARA
2023/2024
Abstract
Modern helicopter rotor blades are predominantly made of composite materials such as glass and carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The dynamic and complex loading condition to which these blades are subjected bring lot of attention to the investigation of their most critical damage modes. Among these, delamination is particularly common, occurring frequently in curved regions due to their intricate geometry and inside adhesive, used to joint together composite subparts. This type of damage can result from both static and fatigue loading. This thesis investigates key aspects that typically affect helicopter rotor blades’ struc- tural integrity: Mode II delamination inside the adhesive layer and Mode I delamination in curved regions. Some in-depth analyses of both these loading conditions have been assessed in order to increase the knowledge behind these phenomena, which are charac- terized by very few previous studies. The study begins with the design and the manufacturing of composite specimens, followed by a static and fatigue testing campaign. The impact of potential manufacturing defects on the performance of the specimens is also analyzed. Lastly, some numerical correlations are performed in order to capture the most relevant aspects of each component and to evaluate the predictive accuracy of different modeling approaches, like the cohesive zone model and the hybrid-biphasic technique.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_12_Blundo_Casillo_Executive Summary.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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2.45 MB
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2024_12_Blundo_Casillo_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi
Dimensione
8.72 MB
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8.72 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/230080