This thesis presents an experimental analysis of the wake generated by a floating wind turbine under varying operating conditions. The research aims to investigate the wake characteristics and its evolution, with a focus on turbine wake development in the presence of wave motion. The experimental approach simulates a 1:75 scale model of the DTU 10MW wind turbine with a floating platform in the wind tunnel at the Politecnico di Milano. To accurately simulate real operational conditions, the turbine model was mounted on a 6-degree-of-freedom robotic platform, capable of reproducing the complex motions of the floating platform, including pitch, surge, yaw and their combinations. Hot-wire anemometry was used to acquire high-resolution data on wind velocity and turbulence distribution along the wake. The use of these sensors allowed for precise measurement of turbulence profiles, enabling a more accurate analysis of aerodynamic interactions between the wake and the platform motion. The results show how the platform's oscillatory movements affect the wake's formation and extent, especially highlighting the velocity fluctuations that occur during a period of platform motion, with significant implications for optimal turbine placement within offshore wind farms. Additionally, data at various distances downstream of the turbine were measured to highlight the development of the wake. \\ To delve a bit deeper into the understanding of this phenomenon, tests in above-rated conditions and with the addition of a dynamic control on the collective pitch of the airfoil were conducted, which can serve as the basis for future more detailed analyses. This work represents a further step toward understanding aerodynamic interactions in floating wind turbines, contributing to the more efficient design and management of offshore wind farms.
Questa tesi presenta un'analisi sperimentale della scia generata da una turbina eolica galleggiante in diverse condizioni operative. La ricerca mira a investigare le caratteristiche della scia e la sua evoluzione, con un focus sul suo sviluppo in presenza di moto ondoso. L'approccio sperimentale simula un modello in scala 1:75 della turbina eolica DTU 10MW su una piattaforma galleggiante nella galleria del vento del Politecnico di Milano. Per simulare accuratamente le condizioni operative reali, il modello della turbina è stato montato su una piattaforma robotica a 6 gradi di libertà, in grado di riprodurre i complessi movimenti della piattaforma galleggiante, inclusi beccheggio, avanzamento, imbardata e le loro combinazioni. Anemometri a filo caldo sono stati utilizzati per acquisire dati ad alta risoluzione sulla velocità del vento e sulla distribuzione della turbolenza lungo la scia. L'uso di questi sensori ha permesso una precisa misurazione di profili di turbolenza e consentendo un'analisi più accurata delle interazioni aerodinamiche tra scia e moto della piattaforma. I risultati mostrano come i movimenti oscillatori della piattaforma influenzino la formazione e l'estensione della scia, evidenziando in particolare le fluttuazioni di velocità che si verificano durante un periodo di movimento della piattaforma, con significative implicazioni per il posizionamento ottimale delle turbine all'interno dei parchi eolici offshore. Inoltre, le misure sono state condotte a varie distanze a valle della turbina per evidenziare lo sviluppo della scia. \\ Per approfondire ulteriormente la comprensione di questo fenomeno, sono stati condotti test in condizioni con velocità del vento maggiore e con l'aggiunta di un controllo dinamico sull'angolo di incidenza collettivo dell'airfoil, che possono servire da base per future analisi più dettagliate. Questo lavoro rappresenta un ulteriore passo verso la comprensione delle interazioni aerodinamiche nelle turbine eoliche galleggianti, contribuendo a un design e una gestione più efficiente dei parchi eolici offshore.
Experimental analysis of the wake of a floating wind turbine
Menconi, Francesco
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis presents an experimental analysis of the wake generated by a floating wind turbine under varying operating conditions. The research aims to investigate the wake characteristics and its evolution, with a focus on turbine wake development in the presence of wave motion. The experimental approach simulates a 1:75 scale model of the DTU 10MW wind turbine with a floating platform in the wind tunnel at the Politecnico di Milano. To accurately simulate real operational conditions, the turbine model was mounted on a 6-degree-of-freedom robotic platform, capable of reproducing the complex motions of the floating platform, including pitch, surge, yaw and their combinations. Hot-wire anemometry was used to acquire high-resolution data on wind velocity and turbulence distribution along the wake. The use of these sensors allowed for precise measurement of turbulence profiles, enabling a more accurate analysis of aerodynamic interactions between the wake and the platform motion. The results show how the platform's oscillatory movements affect the wake's formation and extent, especially highlighting the velocity fluctuations that occur during a period of platform motion, with significant implications for optimal turbine placement within offshore wind farms. Additionally, data at various distances downstream of the turbine were measured to highlight the development of the wake. \\ To delve a bit deeper into the understanding of this phenomenon, tests in above-rated conditions and with the addition of a dynamic control on the collective pitch of the airfoil were conducted, which can serve as the basis for future more detailed analyses. This work represents a further step toward understanding aerodynamic interactions in floating wind turbines, contributing to the more efficient design and management of offshore wind farms.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_11_Menconi_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo Tesi
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2024_11_Menconi_Executive_Summary.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/230475