Hydrotherapy represents an increasingly recognized therapeutic resource for the rehabi- litation of patients with neuromotor disorders thanks to its ability to exploit the unique properties of water. Despite the documented benefits in the rehabilitation field, the ef- fects of hydrotherapy on relaxation, particularly regarding physiological responses such as heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR), remain underexplored, especially in patients with severe functional limitations. The present study, carried out in collaboration with Fondazione TOG (Milan), aims to evaluate hydrotherapy compared to traditional phy- siotherapy in terms of relaxation through the measurement of HR and BR, which are indicators of stress and relaxation. For this purpose, the Frontier X2 chest strap, suitable for monitoring in aquatic environments, was used. Nine pediatric patients with severe neuromotor disorders, already undergoing traditional physiotherapy and hydrotherapy at Fondazione, were included in the study. The results showed a reduction in HR and BR during hydrotherapy, with HR decreasing more markedly in five patients than BR. In two subjects, BR was the most affected parameter, while in one case the variation in both variables was comparable. The correlation analysis between HR and BR showed a positive synergy between the two parameters in all patients except one, with a stronger correlation in six of them during hydrotherapy compared to physiotherapy. However, the resulting correlation was weak, indicating that the synergistic response depends on individual variables, such as the specific pathological condition of the subjects. The re- sults suggest that hydrotherapy can be used not only for improving motor skills but also as a relaxation therapy, offering potential benefits even for patients severely affected by neuromotor disorders. Given the limitations of the study, the main one being the small sample size, it is suggested to increase the number of participants. Furthermore, future research directions could consider the inclusion of additional physiological parameters, such as heart rate variability (HRV). The results obtained could be used to follow the progress of a rehabilitation process or to develop rehabilitation programs more focused on relaxation.
L’idroterapia rappresenta una risorsa terapeutica sempre più riconosciuta per la riabilita- zione di pazienti con disturbi neuromotori grazie alla sua capacità di sfruttare le proprietà uniche dell’acqua. Nonostante i benefici documentati in ambito riabilitativo, gli effetti dell’idroterapia sul rilassamento, ed in particolare sulle risposte fisiologiche di frequenza cardiaca (HR) e frequenza respiratoria (BR), rimangono poco esplorati, soprattutto in pa- zienti con severe limitazioni funzionali. Il presente studio, realizzato in collaborazione con lafondazioneTOGdiMilano, hacomeobbiettivoprincipalelavalutazionedell’idroterapia rispetto alla fisioterapia classica sul rilassamento attraverso la misurazione di HR e BR, indicatori di stress e rilassamento. Per questa finalità, è stata utilizzata la fascia toracica Frontier X2, adatta anche per il monitoraggio in ambiente acquatico. Sono stati inclusi nove pazienti pediatrici con disturbi neuromotori gravi, già in trattamento con fisioterapia tradizionale e idroterapia presso la fondazione. I risultati hanno mostrato una riduzione di HR e BR durante l’idroterapia, con una diminuzione più marcata della HR in cinque pazienti rispetto alla BR. In due soggetti, la BR è risultata il parametro più influenzato, mentre in un caso la variazione di entrambi i parametri è stata comparabile. L’analisi di correlazione tra HR e BR ha evidenziato una sinergia positiva tra i due parametri in tutti i pazienti ad eccezione di uno, con una correlazione più forte in sei di essi durante l’idroterapia rispetto alla fisioterapia. Tuttavia, la correlazione risultante è stata debo- le, indicando che la risposta sinergica dipenda da variabili individuali, quali la specifica condizione patologica dei soggetti. I risultati suggeriscono come l’idroterapia possa essere utilizzata non solo per il miglioramento delle capacità motorie ma anche come terapia di rilassamento, offendo un potenziale beneficio anche per quei pazienti gravemente affetti da patologie neuromotorie. A fronte delle limitazioni dello studio, la principale delle quali è rappresentata dalla dimensione ridotta del campione, si suggerisce di ampliare il nume- ro di partecipanti. Inoltre, future direzioni di ricerca potrebbero considerare l’inclusione di parametri fisiologici aggiuntivi, come la variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (HRV). I risultati ottenuti potrebbero essere utilizzati per seguire i progressi di un processo di riabilitazione oppure per sviluppare programmi riabilitativi più mirati al rilassamento.
Valutazione dello stato di rilassamento durante l'idroterapia rispetto alla fisioterapia tradizionale in pazienti con disturbi neuromotori gravi
Volpi, Sara
2023/2024
Abstract
Hydrotherapy represents an increasingly recognized therapeutic resource for the rehabi- litation of patients with neuromotor disorders thanks to its ability to exploit the unique properties of water. Despite the documented benefits in the rehabilitation field, the ef- fects of hydrotherapy on relaxation, particularly regarding physiological responses such as heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR), remain underexplored, especially in patients with severe functional limitations. The present study, carried out in collaboration with Fondazione TOG (Milan), aims to evaluate hydrotherapy compared to traditional phy- siotherapy in terms of relaxation through the measurement of HR and BR, which are indicators of stress and relaxation. For this purpose, the Frontier X2 chest strap, suitable for monitoring in aquatic environments, was used. Nine pediatric patients with severe neuromotor disorders, already undergoing traditional physiotherapy and hydrotherapy at Fondazione, were included in the study. The results showed a reduction in HR and BR during hydrotherapy, with HR decreasing more markedly in five patients than BR. In two subjects, BR was the most affected parameter, while in one case the variation in both variables was comparable. The correlation analysis between HR and BR showed a positive synergy between the two parameters in all patients except one, with a stronger correlation in six of them during hydrotherapy compared to physiotherapy. However, the resulting correlation was weak, indicating that the synergistic response depends on individual variables, such as the specific pathological condition of the subjects. The re- sults suggest that hydrotherapy can be used not only for improving motor skills but also as a relaxation therapy, offering potential benefits even for patients severely affected by neuromotor disorders. Given the limitations of the study, the main one being the small sample size, it is suggested to increase the number of participants. Furthermore, future research directions could consider the inclusion of additional physiological parameters, such as heart rate variability (HRV). The results obtained could be used to follow the progress of a rehabilitation process or to develop rehabilitation programs more focused on relaxation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/230496