Since the 2000s, industrial symbiosis has emerged as a new paradigm for inter-firm collaboration, considered crucial for promoting the transition to the circular economy. In parallel, Industry 4.0, a concept introduced in 2011, indicates the fourth industrial revolution that is aimed at promoting automation through the integration of digital technologies into business processes. Although these two topics are widely discussed in the scientific literature, the impact of digital technologies in facilitating industrial symbiosis remains unclear. Therefore, this thesis aims to fill this gap in the literature by addressing the following research question: “What is the role of digital technologies in enabling industrial symbiosis?”. Specifically, the analysis adopts three main perspectives: which digital technologies are implemented, the reasons why they are adopted, and the stage of the industrial symbiosis life cycle in which they are applied. To this end, a scheme is presented to break down the stages that characterise the creation of an industrial symbiosis. This new scheme is employed in the structure of an analytical framework to assess the use of digital technologies throughout the industrial symbiosis life cycle. The research adopts two distinct methodologies. First, through a systematic literature review, conducted according to the PRISMA methodology, existing academic publications are examined. Second, an empirical analysis, based on semi-structured interviews, explores two real cases of industrial symbiosis in the Netherlands: the Port of Rotterdam and the Chemelot cluster. The results of the literature review indicate that a subset of the digital technologies of the Industry 4.0 paradigm can be applied to the context of industrial symbiosis. However, the empirical analysis shows that only a limited number of digital technologies are actually implemented by companies. The case studies also reveal that although many companies consider digitalization a key objective, it is often not adequately aligned with their industrial symbiosis practices. Therefore, the thesis identifies new research opportunities to investigate the reasons behind the limited use of digital technologies in the context of industrial symbiosis.
Dagli anni 2000, la simbiosi industriale è emersa come un nuovo paradigma di collaborazione tra imprese, considerato fondamentale per promuovere la transizione verso l'economia circolare. Parallelamente, l'Industria 4.0, concetto introdotto nel 2011, indica la quarta rivoluzione industriale che è volta a promuovere l'automazione attraverso l'integrazione di tecnologie digitali nei processi aziendali. Sebbene questi due temi siano ampiamente trattati nella letteratura scientifica, l'impatto delle tecnologie digitali nel facilitare la simbiosi industriale rimane poco chiaro. Dunque, la tesi si pone l’obiettivo di colmare questa lacuna della letteratura, proponendosi di rispondere alla seguente domanda di ricerca: "Qual è il ruolo delle tecnologie digitali nell’agevolare la simbiosi industriale?". In particolare, l'analisi adotta tre prospettive principali: quali tecnologie digitali vengono implementate, le ragioni per cui vengono adottate e la fase del ciclo di vita della simbiosi industriale in cui sono applicate. A tal fine, viene presentato uno schema per suddividere le fasi che contraddistinguono la creazione di una simbiosi industriale. Questo nuovo schema viene impiegato nella struttura di un framework analitico per valutare l'impiego delle tecnologie digitali lungo il ciclo di vita della simbiosi industriale. La ricerca adotta due metodologie distinte. In primo luogo, attraverso una revisione sistematica della letteratura, condotta secondo la metodologia PRISMA, vengono esaminate le pubblicazioni accademiche esistenti. In secondo luogo, un'analisi empirica, basata su interviste semi-strutturate, esplora due casi reali di simbiosi industriale nei Paesi Bassi: il Porto di Rotterdam e il cluster Chemelot. I risultati della revisione della letteratura indicano che un sottoinsieme delle tecnologie digitali del paradigma dell’Industria 4.0 può essere applicato al contesto della simbiosi industriale. Tuttavia, l'analisi empirica mostra che solo un numero limitato di tecnologie digitali è effettivamente implementato dalle aziende. I casi di studio rivelano inoltre che, sebbene molte imprese considerino la digitalizzazione un obiettivo chiave, spesso essa non è adeguatamente allineata alle loro pratiche di simbiosi industriale. Pertanto, la tesi individua nuove opportunità di ricerca per approfondire le motivazioni alla base del limitato utilizzo delle tecnologie digitali nel contesto della simbiosi industriale.
The role of digital technologies in enabling industrial symbiosis: a theoretical and empirical analysis
Ceccarelli, Leonardo
2023/2024
Abstract
Since the 2000s, industrial symbiosis has emerged as a new paradigm for inter-firm collaboration, considered crucial for promoting the transition to the circular economy. In parallel, Industry 4.0, a concept introduced in 2011, indicates the fourth industrial revolution that is aimed at promoting automation through the integration of digital technologies into business processes. Although these two topics are widely discussed in the scientific literature, the impact of digital technologies in facilitating industrial symbiosis remains unclear. Therefore, this thesis aims to fill this gap in the literature by addressing the following research question: “What is the role of digital technologies in enabling industrial symbiosis?”. Specifically, the analysis adopts three main perspectives: which digital technologies are implemented, the reasons why they are adopted, and the stage of the industrial symbiosis life cycle in which they are applied. To this end, a scheme is presented to break down the stages that characterise the creation of an industrial symbiosis. This new scheme is employed in the structure of an analytical framework to assess the use of digital technologies throughout the industrial symbiosis life cycle. The research adopts two distinct methodologies. First, through a systematic literature review, conducted according to the PRISMA methodology, existing academic publications are examined. Second, an empirical analysis, based on semi-structured interviews, explores two real cases of industrial symbiosis in the Netherlands: the Port of Rotterdam and the Chemelot cluster. The results of the literature review indicate that a subset of the digital technologies of the Industry 4.0 paradigm can be applied to the context of industrial symbiosis. However, the empirical analysis shows that only a limited number of digital technologies are actually implemented by companies. The case studies also reveal that although many companies consider digitalization a key objective, it is often not adequately aligned with their industrial symbiosis practices. Therefore, the thesis identifies new research opportunities to investigate the reasons behind the limited use of digital technologies in the context of industrial symbiosis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2024_12_Ceccarelli_01_Tesi.pdf
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2024_12_Ceccarelli_02_Executive Summary.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/230504