Rotary vane expanders are employed usually to power tools in industry, using industrial compressed air as working fluid. Commercial rotary vane expanders are designed to operate with air at a relative pressure of 630 kPa, in accordance with ISO 2787. Because rotary vane expanders may be employed also for other scopes, this work evaluates their performances with different inlet pressures and working fluids by way of a dimensional characterization. The dimensional analysis of the machine is carried out considering the variables affecting the performance, such as inlet and outlet pressures and temperatures, gas viscosity and rotational speed. The outcome of the analysis comprises two dimensionless performance maps: one for power and another for efficiency. With the use of a specially designed test bench, data for constructing the performance maps are gathered with air and hydrogen. The model is then verified under different inlet pressures, ranging from 260 kPa to 630 kPa with expansion ratios of 2, 2.5 and 3, while operating with air and hydrogen. Tests with argon, and carbon dioxide are also performed. Verification results show good accuracy in predicting the performances of the expander with errors lower than 6.7%. The influence of the dimensionless parameters is discussed, particularly that of the newly introduced "dimensionless viscosity" which captures the influence of the dynamic viscosity and of the inlet pressure.
Gli espansori a vani vengono solitamente impiegati in ambito industriale come motori per utensili, utilizzando aria compressa come fluido di lavoro. Gli espansori commerciali di questo tipo sono progettati per operare con aria a una pressione relativa di 630 kPa, in conformità con la norma ISO 2787. Tuttavia, poiché questi dispositivi possono essere utilizzati anche per altri scopi, questo studio valuta le loro prestazioni con pressioni di ingresso e gas diversi, attraverso la teoria della similitudine. L’analisi dimensionale della macchina tiene conto delle variabili che influenzano le prestazioni, come le pressioni e le temperature in ingresso e in uscita, la viscosità del gas e la velocità di rotazione. Il risultato di questa analisi `e costituito da due mappe prestazionali adimensionali: una per la potenza e l’altra per l’efficienza. Tramite un banco di prova progettato appositamente, vengono raccolti dati utilizzando aria e idrogeno per costruire le suddette mappe. Il modello è successivamente verificato a diverse pressioni di ingresso, da 260 kPa a 630 kPa, con rapporti di espansione di 2, 2.5 e 3, usando aria e idrogeno. Altri test sono condotti con argon e anidride carbonica. I risultati della verifica mostrano una buona accuratezza del modello nel prevedere le prestazioni dell’espansore, con errori massimi intorno al 6.7%. Viene inoltre analizzata l’influenza dei parametri adimensionali, in particolare la ’viscosità adimensionale’ definita nello studio, che è rappresentativa dell’effetto della viscosità dinamica e della pressione d’ingresso.
Dimensional analysis applied to rotary vane expanders: development and experimental verification of a characterization method
Beltrametti, Samuele
2023/2024
Abstract
Rotary vane expanders are employed usually to power tools in industry, using industrial compressed air as working fluid. Commercial rotary vane expanders are designed to operate with air at a relative pressure of 630 kPa, in accordance with ISO 2787. Because rotary vane expanders may be employed also for other scopes, this work evaluates their performances with different inlet pressures and working fluids by way of a dimensional characterization. The dimensional analysis of the machine is carried out considering the variables affecting the performance, such as inlet and outlet pressures and temperatures, gas viscosity and rotational speed. The outcome of the analysis comprises two dimensionless performance maps: one for power and another for efficiency. With the use of a specially designed test bench, data for constructing the performance maps are gathered with air and hydrogen. The model is then verified under different inlet pressures, ranging from 260 kPa to 630 kPa with expansion ratios of 2, 2.5 and 3, while operating with air and hydrogen. Tests with argon, and carbon dioxide are also performed. Verification results show good accuracy in predicting the performances of the expander with errors lower than 6.7%. The influence of the dimensionless parameters is discussed, particularly that of the newly introduced "dimensionless viscosity" which captures the influence of the dynamic viscosity and of the inlet pressure.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/231405