China, with its rich historical legacy, holds a significant amount of cultural heritage that has increasingly come into focus over the past several decades. This shift is driven both by a growing public demand for culture and by governmental initiatives aimed at preserving heritage. The importance of cultural heritage conservation has been continually emphasized in the specific laws and principles. In addition to focusing on domestic heritage conservation strategies, Chinese researchers have also actively sought to incorporate international theories, particularly from European countries such as Italy, Belgium, and Germany, where preventive conservation practices have long been established. Thus, China’s heritage conservation approach has begun to transition from passive, reactive rescue conservation to a more proactive, preventive model that emphasizes regular monitoring and maintenance to prevent damage before it occurs. Despite the progress made, several challenges remain in implementing effective heritage conservation. One major issue is the gap between China’s vast number of architectural heritages and its relatively limited professional and financial resources, which poses significant obstacles to ensuring the sustainability of conservation efforts. Additionally, the conservation of architectural heritage should not be seen as a series of discrete events, such as prevention or restoration, but as a continuous process of care and management. Focusing solely on maintenance, while neglecting a comprehensive management strategy, does not adequately preserve the authenticity of these built heritages. Therefore, the Italian concept of planned conservation is introduced in this study as a necessary complement to existing efforts. Planned conservation aims to conserve the authenticity of heritages while promoting co-evolutionary strategies that integrate heritage conservation with sustainable development goals. Differences in political, social, and economic context, as well as cultural perceptions of authenticity, create distinct approaches to heritage conservation between China and Western countries such as Italy. Through a detailed analysis, this study seeks to answer the central question: how can Planned Conservation be adapted to fit China’s context, ensuring the preservation of its cultural heritage while fostering sustainability? The primary findings of this study suggest that planned conservation offers a valuable addition to China’s current heritage conservation strategies, particularly in its emphasis on sustainability and authenticity. The research proposes a sustainable conservation framework according to the Chinese context, creating an operational base for future conservation efforts. This framework is applied in a practical case study focusing on the Guanyinge Teahouse in Chengdu, China. Through this case study, the study demonstrates how the principles of planned conservation can be implemented in practice, highlighting the long-term vision of heritage conservation and emphasizing the need for a shift from maintenance conservation to planned conservation.
La Cina, con il suo ricco retaggio storico, possiede una significativa quantità di patrimonio culturale che negli ultimi decenni è sempre più entrato in primo piano. Questo cambiamento è guidato sia dalla crescente domanda pubblica di cultura sia dalle iniziative governative volte alla conservazione del patrimonio. L'importanza della conservazione del patrimonio culturale è stata costantemente enfatizzata nelle leggi e nei principi specifici. Oltre a concentrarsi sulle strategie di conservazione del patrimonio costruito interno, i ricercatori cinesi hanno anche cercato attivamente di incorporare teorie internazionali, in particolare da paesi europei come Italia, Belgio e Germania, dove le pratiche di conservazione preventiva sono state a lungo stabilite. Di conseguenza, l'approccio alla conservazione del patrimonio in Cina ha iniziato a passare da una conservazione passiva e reattiva a un modello più proattivo e preventivo che enfatizza il monitoraggio regolare e la manutenzione per prevenire danni prima che si verifichino. Nonostante i progressi compiuti, rimangono diverse sfide nell'implementazione di una conservazione del patrimonio costruito efficace. Una questione maggiore è il divario tra il vasto numero di patrimoni architettonici della Cina e le sue risorse professionali e finanziarie relativamente limitate, che pone significativi ostacoli alla sostenibilità degli sforzi di conservazione. Inoltre, la conservazione del patrimonio architettonico non dovrebbe essere vista come una serie di eventi discreti, come la prevenzione o il restauro, ma come un processo continuo di cura e gestione. Concentrarsi esclusivamente sulla manutenzione, trascurando una strategia di gestione complessiva, non preserva adeguatamente l'autenticità di questi patrimoni costruiti. Pertanto, il concetto italiano di Conservazione programmata è introdotto in questo studio come complemento necessario agli sforzi esistenti. La Conservazione programmata mira a conservare l'autenticità dei patrimoni promuovendo strategie coevolutive che integrano la conservazione del patrimonio con gli obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile. Le differenze nel contesto politico, sociale ed economico, così come le percezioni culturali dell'autenticità, creano approcci distinti alla conservazione del patrimonio tra Cina e paesi occidentali come l'Italia. Attraverso un'analisi dettagliata, questo studio cerca di rispondere alla domanda centrale: come può la Conservazione programmata essere adattata al contesto cinese, garantendo la conservazione del suo patrimonio culturale mentre si promuove la sostenibilità? I risultati principali di questo studio suggeriscono che la Conservazione programmata offre un'aggiunta preziosa alle attuali strategie di conservazione del patrimonio della Cina, particolarmente nella sua enfasi sulla sostenibilità e sull'autenticità. La ricerca propone un quadro di conservazione sostenibile secondo il contesto cinese, creando una base operativa per futuri sforzi di conservazione. Questo quadro viene applicato in uno studio di caso pratico che si concentra sulla Guanyinge Teahouse a Chengdu, in Cina. Attraverso questo caso studio, lo studio dimostra come i principi della Conservazione programmata possano essere implementati nella pratica, evidenziando la visione a lungo termine della conservazione del patrimonio e sottolineando la necessità di un passaggio dalla conservazione di manutenzione alla Conservazione programmata.
Research on implementing planned conservation strategy on the status of chinese architectural heritage preservation
Hu, Xueqing
2024/2025
Abstract
China, with its rich historical legacy, holds a significant amount of cultural heritage that has increasingly come into focus over the past several decades. This shift is driven both by a growing public demand for culture and by governmental initiatives aimed at preserving heritage. The importance of cultural heritage conservation has been continually emphasized in the specific laws and principles. In addition to focusing on domestic heritage conservation strategies, Chinese researchers have also actively sought to incorporate international theories, particularly from European countries such as Italy, Belgium, and Germany, where preventive conservation practices have long been established. Thus, China’s heritage conservation approach has begun to transition from passive, reactive rescue conservation to a more proactive, preventive model that emphasizes regular monitoring and maintenance to prevent damage before it occurs. Despite the progress made, several challenges remain in implementing effective heritage conservation. One major issue is the gap between China’s vast number of architectural heritages and its relatively limited professional and financial resources, which poses significant obstacles to ensuring the sustainability of conservation efforts. Additionally, the conservation of architectural heritage should not be seen as a series of discrete events, such as prevention or restoration, but as a continuous process of care and management. Focusing solely on maintenance, while neglecting a comprehensive management strategy, does not adequately preserve the authenticity of these built heritages. Therefore, the Italian concept of planned conservation is introduced in this study as a necessary complement to existing efforts. Planned conservation aims to conserve the authenticity of heritages while promoting co-evolutionary strategies that integrate heritage conservation with sustainable development goals. Differences in political, social, and economic context, as well as cultural perceptions of authenticity, create distinct approaches to heritage conservation between China and Western countries such as Italy. Through a detailed analysis, this study seeks to answer the central question: how can Planned Conservation be adapted to fit China’s context, ensuring the preservation of its cultural heritage while fostering sustainability? The primary findings of this study suggest that planned conservation offers a valuable addition to China’s current heritage conservation strategies, particularly in its emphasis on sustainability and authenticity. The research proposes a sustainable conservation framework according to the Chinese context, creating an operational base for future conservation efforts. This framework is applied in a practical case study focusing on the Guanyinge Teahouse in Chengdu, China. Through this case study, the study demonstrates how the principles of planned conservation can be implemented in practice, highlighting the long-term vision of heritage conservation and emphasizing the need for a shift from maintenance conservation to planned conservation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/233172