The increasing integration of power electronics-based generation, particularly from wind and solar power, is transforming modern power systems. Unlike conventional synchronous generators, these renewable sources rely on Voltage Source Converters (VSCs), affecting grid stability and fault response. In this context, grid regulations have been updated to define mandatory services that inverters must provide. Consequently, various control strategies have been proposed in the literature to comply with these new requirements. However, no single method is universally the most reliable, fastest, or most robust, and selecting the appropriate one is not always straightforward, as multiple factors must be considered. This work investigates and compares different inverter control strategies, focusing on their complexity, response speed, and performance under both balanced and unbalanced fault conditions. Three of the analyzed strategies operate in the synchronous reference frame and are distinguished by the synchronization method used: Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked Loop (SRF-PLL), Dual Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DSRF-PLL), and Dual Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (DSOGI-PLL). Additionally, two control strategies in the stationary reference frame are considered, with and without sequence separation. The analysis is conducted through simulations in the Matlab/Simulink environment, also evaluating the effectiveness of each approach in meeting grid code requirements for reactive current injection.
L’integrazione sempre più diffusa della generazione basata sull’elettronica di potenza, in particolare da fonti eoliche e solari, sta trasformando i sistemi elettrici moderni. A differenza dei generatori sincroni convenzionali, queste fonti rinnovabili si basano su convertitori statici di potenza (VSC), influenzando la stabilità della rete e la risposta ai guasti. In questo contesto, le normative di rete sono state aggiornate per definire i servizi obbligatori che gli inverter devono fornire. Di conseguenza, in letteratura sono state proposte diverse strategie di controllo per soddisfare questi nuovi requisiti. Tuttavia, nessun metodo risulta universalmente il più affidabile, veloce o robusto, e la scelta di quello più appropriato non è sempre immediata, poiché richiede la considerazione di molteplici fattori. Questo lavoro analizza e confronta diverse strategie di controllo per inverter, ponendo particolare attenzione alla loro complessità, velocità di risposta e prestazioni in condizioni di guasti simmetrici e non simmetrici. Tre delle strategie analizzate operano nel riferimento sincrono e si distinguono per il metodo di sincronizzazione utilizzato: Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked Loop (SRF-PLL), Dual Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DSRF-PLL) e Dual Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (DSOGI-PLL). Inoltre, sono considerate due strategie di controllo nel riferimento stazionario, con e senza separazione delle sequenze. L’analisi viene condotta attraverso simulazioni nell’ambiente Matlab/Simulink, valutando anche l’efficacia di ciascun approccio nel soddisfare i requisiti normativi per l’iniezione di corrente reattiva.
Performance comparison of inverter control strategies during different fault conditions
Cafarelli, Lorenza
2023/2024
Abstract
The increasing integration of power electronics-based generation, particularly from wind and solar power, is transforming modern power systems. Unlike conventional synchronous generators, these renewable sources rely on Voltage Source Converters (VSCs), affecting grid stability and fault response. In this context, grid regulations have been updated to define mandatory services that inverters must provide. Consequently, various control strategies have been proposed in the literature to comply with these new requirements. However, no single method is universally the most reliable, fastest, or most robust, and selecting the appropriate one is not always straightforward, as multiple factors must be considered. This work investigates and compares different inverter control strategies, focusing on their complexity, response speed, and performance under both balanced and unbalanced fault conditions. Three of the analyzed strategies operate in the synchronous reference frame and are distinguished by the synchronization method used: Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked Loop (SRF-PLL), Dual Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DSRF-PLL), and Dual Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (DSOGI-PLL). Additionally, two control strategies in the stationary reference frame are considered, with and without sequence separation. The analysis is conducted through simulations in the Matlab/Simulink environment, also evaluating the effectiveness of each approach in meeting grid code requirements for reactive current injection.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/234321