This dissertation explores the wide landscape of construction cost estimation, focusing on how this discipline has evolved with Building Information Modeling (BIM), and how it is opening up to new perspectives, such as integrating with Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies. The study develops around three core themes. First, it establishes a comprehensive overview of traditional cost estimation methodologies, detailing fundamental concepts, criteria, and procedures. Particular attention is given to the Italian construction context and its characteristics, analyzing deeply the regulatory guidelines, especially in relation to the New Public Procurement Code D. Lgs. 36/2023 and its amendments. Second, this research study investigates the transformative power of BIM in cost planning, highlighting achieved, projected, and critical outcomes. Starting from how the 5D BIM (fifth dimension of BIM) approach can resolve traditional cost concerns and facilitate costing activities, key findings highlighted the importance of strong leadership and proactive client participation in improving cost efficiency and accuracy within BIM-driven projects. The result of this first section of the research was the proposal for a structured costing framework. The proposed protocol is designed for clients as a tool to define expectations regarding 5D BIM data and information requests, and how these can change according to the Project Delivery Method (PDMs), contract type, and client profile. Third key focus is the exploration of AI's role in enhancing the predictive capabilities of BIM-based cost estimation, exploring potential applications and future prospects of AI-driven construction cost estimation. The research assesses how AI, particularly deep learning models, can enhance predictive accuracy and optimize decision-making in construction projects, thereby mitigating risks and improving overall project outcomes. To conduct part of the research, it was decided to use Ukraine as an additional reference context aside from the Italian one. This is a construction sector currently 7 focused on urgent and massive reconstruction of the real estate assets due to the wartime situation that has been ravaging the nation since February 2022. The study methodology follows a content analysis approach, a qualitative methodology based on data extracted from a range of sources, including publications, contractual documents, academic books and papers, and PhD dissertations, to understand the multifaceted aspects of cost estimation discipline.
Questo elaborato di tesi esplora l'ampia disciplina della stima dei costi di costruzione, concentrandosi su come si sia evoluta con il Building Information Modeling (BIM) e su come si stia aprendo a nuove prospettive, come l'integrazione con le metodologie di Intelligenza Artificiale (AI). Lo studio si sviluppa attorno a tre temi principali. In primo luogo, viene fornita una panoramica completa delle metodologie tradizionali di stima dei costi, dettagliando i concetti fondamentali, i criteri e le procedure. Particolare attenzione è dedicata al contesto edilizio italiano e alle sue caratteristiche, analizzando le linee guida normative, in particolare in relazione al Nuovo Codice dei Contratti Pubblici D. Lgs. 36/2023 e il suo correttivo. In secondo luogo, questa ricerca esamina il potere trasformativo del BIM nella pianificazione dei costi, evidenziando i risultati raggiunti, previsti e le criticità. A partire da come l'approccio 5D BIM (quinta dimensione del BIM) possa risolvere le problematiche relative all’attività tradizionale di stima e facilitarle, i risultati chiave della ricerca hanno evidenziato l'importanza di una leadership forte e della partecipazione proattiva del cliente nel migliorare l'efficienza e l'accuratezza dei costi nei progetti guidati dal BIM. Il risultato di questa prima sezione della ricerca è stata la proposta di un quadro strutturato sui costi del progetto. Il protocollo proposto è pensato per il committente come strumento per definire aspettative riguardo ai dati e alle richieste di informazioni 5D BIM e come questi possano variare a seconda del Project Delivery Method (PDMs), del tipo di contratto e del profilo del committente. Il terzo tema chiave è l'esplorazione del ruolo dell'IA nel migliorare le capacità predittive della stima dei costi basata sulla metodologia BIM, esplorandone le potenziali applicazioni e le prospettive future. La ricerca valuta come l'IA, in particolare i modelli di deep learning, possa migliorare l'accuratezza predittiva e ottimizzare il processo decisionale nei progetti di costruzione, riducendo così i rischi e migliorando i risultati complessivi del progetto. Per condurre parte della ricerca, si è deciso di utilizzare l'Ucraina come contesto di riferimento aggiuntivo oltre a quello italiano. Il settore delle costruzioni ucraino è attualmente focalizzato su una ricostruzione urgente e massiccia del patrimonio immobiliare a causa del contesto bellico che devasta la nazione da febbraio 2022. Lo studio segue un approccio di content analysis, una metodologia di ricerca qualitativa basata su dati estrapolati da: pubblicazioni, documenti contrattuali, libri e articoli accademici e tesi di dottorato, per cogliere la natura sfaccettata della disciplina di stima dei costi.
Costing framework and 5D BIM approach : a protocol proposal for a proactive and continous client engagement
Iannotta, Luigia;BARDHI, DENIS
2023/2024
Abstract
This dissertation explores the wide landscape of construction cost estimation, focusing on how this discipline has evolved with Building Information Modeling (BIM), and how it is opening up to new perspectives, such as integrating with Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies. The study develops around three core themes. First, it establishes a comprehensive overview of traditional cost estimation methodologies, detailing fundamental concepts, criteria, and procedures. Particular attention is given to the Italian construction context and its characteristics, analyzing deeply the regulatory guidelines, especially in relation to the New Public Procurement Code D. Lgs. 36/2023 and its amendments. Second, this research study investigates the transformative power of BIM in cost planning, highlighting achieved, projected, and critical outcomes. Starting from how the 5D BIM (fifth dimension of BIM) approach can resolve traditional cost concerns and facilitate costing activities, key findings highlighted the importance of strong leadership and proactive client participation in improving cost efficiency and accuracy within BIM-driven projects. The result of this first section of the research was the proposal for a structured costing framework. The proposed protocol is designed for clients as a tool to define expectations regarding 5D BIM data and information requests, and how these can change according to the Project Delivery Method (PDMs), contract type, and client profile. Third key focus is the exploration of AI's role in enhancing the predictive capabilities of BIM-based cost estimation, exploring potential applications and future prospects of AI-driven construction cost estimation. The research assesses how AI, particularly deep learning models, can enhance predictive accuracy and optimize decision-making in construction projects, thereby mitigating risks and improving overall project outcomes. To conduct part of the research, it was decided to use Ukraine as an additional reference context aside from the Italian one. This is a construction sector currently 7 focused on urgent and massive reconstruction of the real estate assets due to the wartime situation that has been ravaging the nation since February 2022. The study methodology follows a content analysis approach, a qualitative methodology based on data extracted from a range of sources, including publications, contractual documents, academic books and papers, and PhD dissertations, to understand the multifaceted aspects of cost estimation discipline.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Iannotta Luigia Tesi Magistrale.pdf
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Descrizione: COSTING FRAMEWORK AND 5D BIM APPROACH. A protocol proposal for a proactive and continuous client engagement
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/234515