Incumbent banks face mounting pressure to embrace digital transformation, driven by the rapid pace of technological innovation and intensified competition from novel players. While rising interest rates have provided opportunities for increased investment, many digital initiatives remain fragmented, yielding short-term gains without laying the foundation for sustainable, organization-wide success. Academic research offers limited support for practitioners, particularly due to a lack of clarity in distinguishing “Digitalization” from “Digital Transformation” (DT) and the absence of well-structured frameworks to guide implementation. This thesis investigates the case of BAWAG Group in Austria, showcasing its successful digital transformation through the adoption of low-code development technology. Drawing on a vast collection of data and interviews conducted across various organizational levels, the study presents a three-step framework: “Initial Testing & Adoption”, “Diffusion & Digitalization”, and “Strategic Leverage & Digital Transformation”. This framework delineates the distinction between the two definitions, emphasizing that the DT is rooted in the evolutionary development of competencies and characterized by organizational and operational transformation. The findings highlight that significant financial investments are not required; instead, a technology-first approach focused on small, iterative projects and continuous improvement is key. This approach prioritizes addressing the challenges of legacy systems while placing significant emphasis on developing employees' skills, positioning banks as technology-driven enterprises. The framework was further validated through its application to the bank's new projects on generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). This Master's thesis provides both an academic and practical roadmap for incumbent banks to harness technological advancements. Additionally, it makes a significant contribution to the scarce literature on low-code technology.
Le banche tradizionali affrontano una crescente pressione ad adottare la trasformazione digitale, trainata dall’innovazione tecnologica in rapida evoluzione e dalla crescente concorrenza di nuovi player di mercato. Sebbene l’aumento dei tassi di interesse abbia generato maggiori risorse per finanziare gli investimenti, molte iniziative digitali rimangono frammentate, generando benefici a breve termine senza creare le basi per un successo sostenibile su scala organizzativa. La ricerca accademica offre un supporto limitato ai professionisti, in particolare a causa della mancanza di chiarezza nella distinzione tra “Digitalizzazione” e “Trasformazione Digitale” (DT), e dell’assenza di framework ben strutturati per guidarne l’implementazione. Questa tesi esamina il caso di BAWAG Group in Austria, evidenziandone il successo nella Trasformazione Digitale grazie all’adozione della tecnologia di sviluppo low-code. Basandosi su un’ampia raccolta di dati e interviste condotte a diversi livelli organizzativi, lo studio presenta un framework in tre fasi: “Test e Adozione Iniziale”, “Diffusione e Digitalizzazione” e “Leva Strategica e Trasformazione Digitale”. Questo framework distingue chiaramente i due concetti, sottolineando che la Trasformazione Digitale si basa su uno sviluppo evolutivo delle competenze ed è caratterizzata da cambiamenti sia organizzativi che operativi. I risultati evidenziano che non sono necessari ingenti investimenti finanziari; al contrario, un approccio “technology-first” focalizzato su progetti di piccole dimensioni, iterativi e orientati al miglioramento continuo, è la chiave. Tale approccio privilegia la risoluzione delle sfide legate ai sistemi legacy e pone un’enfasi significativa sullo sviluppo delle competenze dei dipendenti, favorendo una crescita e innovazione sostenibile e posizionando le banche come imprese tecnologicamente avanzate. La rilevanza del framework è ulteriormente convalidata dalla sua applicazione ai nuovi progetti della banca incentrati sull’ intelligenza artificiale generativa (GenAI). Questa tesi di Master fornisce una roadmap accademica e pratica per le banche tradizionali affinché possano sfruttare i progressi tecnologici; inoltre, contribuisce in modo significativo alla letteratura, ancora molto limitata, sulla tecnologia low-code.
A framework for incumbent banks to achieve digital transformation
Giassi, Federica Alessandra
2023/2024
Abstract
Incumbent banks face mounting pressure to embrace digital transformation, driven by the rapid pace of technological innovation and intensified competition from novel players. While rising interest rates have provided opportunities for increased investment, many digital initiatives remain fragmented, yielding short-term gains without laying the foundation for sustainable, organization-wide success. Academic research offers limited support for practitioners, particularly due to a lack of clarity in distinguishing “Digitalization” from “Digital Transformation” (DT) and the absence of well-structured frameworks to guide implementation. This thesis investigates the case of BAWAG Group in Austria, showcasing its successful digital transformation through the adoption of low-code development technology. Drawing on a vast collection of data and interviews conducted across various organizational levels, the study presents a three-step framework: “Initial Testing & Adoption”, “Diffusion & Digitalization”, and “Strategic Leverage & Digital Transformation”. This framework delineates the distinction between the two definitions, emphasizing that the DT is rooted in the evolutionary development of competencies and characterized by organizational and operational transformation. The findings highlight that significant financial investments are not required; instead, a technology-first approach focused on small, iterative projects and continuous improvement is key. This approach prioritizes addressing the challenges of legacy systems while placing significant emphasis on developing employees' skills, positioning banks as technology-driven enterprises. The framework was further validated through its application to the bank's new projects on generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). This Master's thesis provides both an academic and practical roadmap for incumbent banks to harness technological advancements. Additionally, it makes a significant contribution to the scarce literature on low-code technology.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_04_Giassi_Executive Summary.pdf
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2025_04_Giassi_Thesis.pdf
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Descrizione: Master Thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/235423