5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks provide ultrahigh data rates and low latency but pose significant challenges for transport protocols due to their sensitivity to blockages and channel variability. This thesis analyses the performance of TCP with Cubic and BBR congestion control algorithms in a real 5G mmWave testbed. Throughput, RTT and congestion window dynamics are measured together with physical layer metrics in order to correlate the protocol behaviour with channel conditions. Results reveal that although Cubic achieves higher and more stable throughput, it suffers from high latency because of lower layer retransmission. On the other hand, BBR maintains lower latency but exhibits more significant throughput fluctuations, particularly in dynamic environments with frequent channel variations. The results also reveal the tradeoff between the throughput and the latency in the mmWave networks. As a future work, it is important to investigate other congestion control algorithms and to expand the study to multi-user and high mobility scenarios in order to improve TCP performance in 5G mmWave networks.
Le reti 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) offrono velocità di trasmissione ultrarapide e bassa latenza, ma presentano sfide significative per i protocolli di trasporto a causa della loro sensibilità agli ostacoli e alla variabilità del canale. Questa tesi analizza le prestazioni di TCP con gli algoritmi di controllo della congestione Cubic e BBR in un testbed reale di rete 5G mmWave. Throughput, RTT e la dinamica della congestion window vengono misurati insieme a metriche del livello fisico per correlare il comportamento del protocollo con le condizioni del canale. I risultati rivelano che, sebbene Cubic ottenga un throughput più elevato e stabile, soffre di una latenza maggiore a causa delle retransmission a livello inferiore. D'altra parte, BBR mantiene una latenza inferiore ma mostra fluttuazioni più significative del throughput, in particolare in ambienti dinamici con frequenti variazioni del canale. I risultati evidenziano anche il compromesso tra throughput e latenza nelle reti mmWave. Come sviluppo futuro, è importante esplorare altri algoritmi di controllo della congestione ed espandere lo studio a scenari multi-utente e ad alta mobilità per migliorare le prestazioni di TCP nelle reti 5G mmWave.
Experimental studies on transport protocols in a 5G mmWave network testbed
OZEL, TUGAY
2023/2024
Abstract
5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks provide ultrahigh data rates and low latency but pose significant challenges for transport protocols due to their sensitivity to blockages and channel variability. This thesis analyses the performance of TCP with Cubic and BBR congestion control algorithms in a real 5G mmWave testbed. Throughput, RTT and congestion window dynamics are measured together with physical layer metrics in order to correlate the protocol behaviour with channel conditions. Results reveal that although Cubic achieves higher and more stable throughput, it suffers from high latency because of lower layer retransmission. On the other hand, BBR maintains lower latency but exhibits more significant throughput fluctuations, particularly in dynamic environments with frequent channel variations. The results also reveal the tradeoff between the throughput and the latency in the mmWave networks. As a future work, it is important to investigate other congestion control algorithms and to expand the study to multi-user and high mobility scenarios in order to improve TCP performance in 5G mmWave networks.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/235463