Throughout history, global pleas to end wars have primarily emphasized the preciousness of human lives. While efforts to preserve cultural heritage have gained substantial consideration in recent years, there has been a noticeable oversight regarding the significance of public spaces and their memories. Architecture plays a central role in constructing collective memory, serving as both a symbol and a vessel for cultural identity. However, in times of conflict, these structures are often targeted, destroyed, or altered, erasing the tangible connections between communities and their past. The deliberate destruction of monuments, religious buildings, and historical sites, as well as the falsification of cultural heritage, where cultural symbols are redefined or obliterated, represents a calculated attempt to sever these ties and erase a people’s identity. Such actions leave lasting scars on the social fabric, deeply affecting displaced communities and fragmenting their collective memory. This research examines the destruction and transformation of Armenian architectural heritage within the context of the Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) conflict, focusing on the aftermath of the 2020-2023 War. The conflict led to the displacement of entire ethnic Armenians from their ancestral territories, resulting in the loss of both cultural landmarks and community bonds. The erasure of these cultural markers has had profound psychological consequences, further exacerbating the difficulties faced by displaced populations. In post-conflict situations, reconstruction efforts must go beyond the mere rebuilding of physical structures; they must also address the preservation of cultural identity and the restoration of collective memory. By focusing on Goris City, which serves as a major host for refugees from Artsakh, the study advocates for an approach to post-conflict reconstruction that centers on preserving identity, community engagement, and rehabilitating physical and social infrastructures. This study emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to post-conflict reconstruction, where the reorganisation of public spaces reflects the need for physical infrastructure and the restoration of local identity. The research highlights the role of cultural and documentation centers, and the role of education like TUMO Center for Creative Technologies, as models for youth engagement and identity preservation. While the restoration of cultural heritage sites is critical, the preservation of community ties, local identity, and collective memory must also be prioritized in rebuilding war-torn regions. The TUMO Center’s approach to creative technologies provides a unique opportunity to engage displaced youth, fostering cultural education and empowerment as a means of preserving cultural heritage and memory.
Nel corso della storia, le richieste globali per porre fine alle guerre hanno principalmente sottolineato la preziosità delle vite umane. Mentre gli sforzi per preservare il patrimonio culturale hanno guadagnato una considerazione sostanziale negli ultimi anni, c’è stata una notevole negligenza riguardo al significato degli spazi pubblici e dei loro ricordi. L’architettura svolge un ruolo centrale nella costruzione della memoria collettiva, fungendo sia da simbolo che da veicolo per l’identità culturale. Tuttavia, in tempi di conflitto, queste strutture vengono spesso prese di mira, distrutte o alterate, cancellando i legami tangibili tra le comunità e il loro passato. La distruzione deliberata di monumenti, edifici religiosi e siti storici, così come la falsificazione del patrimonio culturale, dove i simboli culturali vengono ridefiniti o cancellati, rappresentano un tentativo calcolato di recidere questi legami e cancellare l’identità di un popolo. Tali azioni lasciano cicatrici durature sul tessuto sociale, colpendo profondamente le comunità sfollate e frammentandone la memoria collettiva. Questa ricerca esamina la distruzione e la trasformazione del patrimonio architettonico armeno nel contesto del conflitto dell’Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), concentrandosi sulle conseguenze della guerra del 2020-2023. Il conflitto ha portato allo spostamento di intere popolazioni armene dai loro territori ancestrali, con conseguente perdita sia di punti di riferimento culturali che di legami comunitari. La cancellazione di questi indicatori culturali ha avuto profonde conseguenze psicologiche, esacerbando ulteriormente le difficoltà affrontate dalle popolazioni sfollate. Nelle situazioni post-conflitto, gli sforzi di ricostruzione devono andare oltre la semplice ricostruzione di strutture fisiche; devono anche affrontare la preservazione dell’identità culturale e il ripristino della memoria collettiva. Concentrandosi sulla città di Goris, che funge da principale ospite per i rifugiati dell’Artsakh, lo studio sostiene un approccio alla ricostruzione post-conflitto incentrato sulla preservazione dell’identità, l’impegno della comunità e la riabilitazione delle infrastrutture fisiche e sociali. Questo studio sottolinea la necessità di un approccio olistico alla ricostruzione post-conflitto, in cui la riorganizzazione degli spazi pubblici riflette la necessità di infrastrutture fisiche e il ripristino dell’identità locale. La ricerca evidenzia il ruolo dei centri culturali e di documentazione e il ruolo dell’istruzione come il TUMO Center for Creative Technologies, come modelli per il coinvolgimento dei giovani e la preservazione dell’identità. Sebbene il restauro dei siti del patrimonio culturale sia fondamentale, la conservazione dei legami comunitari, dell’identità locale e della memoria collettiva deve essere considerata una priorità nella ricostruzione delle regioni devastate dalla guerra. L’approccio del TUMO Center alle tecnologie creative offre un’opportunità unica per coinvolgere i giovani sfollati, promuovendo l’educazione culturale e l’emancipazione come mezzo per preservare il patrimonio culturale e la memoria.
Endangered identities : preserving armenian heritage and memory after Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) Conflict
Petrosyan, Narek
2024/2025
Abstract
Throughout history, global pleas to end wars have primarily emphasized the preciousness of human lives. While efforts to preserve cultural heritage have gained substantial consideration in recent years, there has been a noticeable oversight regarding the significance of public spaces and their memories. Architecture plays a central role in constructing collective memory, serving as both a symbol and a vessel for cultural identity. However, in times of conflict, these structures are often targeted, destroyed, or altered, erasing the tangible connections between communities and their past. The deliberate destruction of monuments, religious buildings, and historical sites, as well as the falsification of cultural heritage, where cultural symbols are redefined or obliterated, represents a calculated attempt to sever these ties and erase a people’s identity. Such actions leave lasting scars on the social fabric, deeply affecting displaced communities and fragmenting their collective memory. This research examines the destruction and transformation of Armenian architectural heritage within the context of the Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) conflict, focusing on the aftermath of the 2020-2023 War. The conflict led to the displacement of entire ethnic Armenians from their ancestral territories, resulting in the loss of both cultural landmarks and community bonds. The erasure of these cultural markers has had profound psychological consequences, further exacerbating the difficulties faced by displaced populations. In post-conflict situations, reconstruction efforts must go beyond the mere rebuilding of physical structures; they must also address the preservation of cultural identity and the restoration of collective memory. By focusing on Goris City, which serves as a major host for refugees from Artsakh, the study advocates for an approach to post-conflict reconstruction that centers on preserving identity, community engagement, and rehabilitating physical and social infrastructures. This study emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to post-conflict reconstruction, where the reorganisation of public spaces reflects the need for physical infrastructure and the restoration of local identity. The research highlights the role of cultural and documentation centers, and the role of education like TUMO Center for Creative Technologies, as models for youth engagement and identity preservation. While the restoration of cultural heritage sites is critical, the preservation of community ties, local identity, and collective memory must also be prioritized in rebuilding war-torn regions. The TUMO Center’s approach to creative technologies provides a unique opportunity to engage displaced youth, fostering cultural education and empowerment as a means of preserving cultural heritage and memory.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_03_Petrosyan_Narek_Thesis_Booklet.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/235561