The Real-Time Hybrid Simulation (RTHS) testing methodology, often referred to as Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL), has seen widespread adoption across various engineering applications in recent years. By dividing the system under study into two complementary subdomains, one numerically simulated and the other physically tested, this approach enables a comprehensive investigation of a complex phenomena. These range from full-scale testing of non-linear components, such as dampers, to simulating the dynamic behavior of scaled structures in fields like earthquake and wind engineering. With respect the established testing techniques, the RTHS method stands out for its flexibility, rapid configuration, cost-effectiveness after the initial setup validation and, most of all, it can replicate realistic testing conditions that might be unattainable using traditional methods. This thesis aims to implement the RTHS technique to test a sectional model of the Julsundet Bridge deck, a long-span suspension bridge located in Norway. The experimental setup involves a three-axis test rig housed at the GVPM Wind Tunnel, Politecnico di Milano. After discussing the theoretical foundations, the study identifies and addresses key challenges, notably the delays present in the loop due to the actuator's dynamics, measurements system and filtering. The proposed solutions are validated through numerical simulations and the results presented.
La tecnica di sperimentazione Real-Time Hybrid Simulation (RTHS) testing, denominata anche Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL), ha visto un’ampia diffusione in numerose applicazioni ingegneristiche negli ultimi anni. Dividendo il sistema in esame in due sottodomini complementari, uno simulato numericamente e l'altro testato fisicamente, questo approccio consente di analizzare in modo approfondito fenomeni complessi. Tali applicazioni spaziano dalla prova di componenti non lineari, come gli smorzatori, alla simulazione del comportamento dinamico di strutture in scala ridotta in settori quali l'ingegneria sismica e del vento. Rispetto alle tecniche di prova consolidate, il metodo RTHS si distingue per la sua flessibilità, la rapidità di configurazione, convenienza economica dopo la validazione iniziale dell’impianto e, sopratutto, è in grado di replicare condizioni di prova realistiche, difficili da raggiungere con i metodi tradizionali. Questa tesi si propone di implementare la tecnica RTHS per testare un modello sezionale dell’impalcato del Ponte Julsundet, un ponte sospeso di grande luce situato in Norvegia. L'apparato sperimentale prevede l’utilizzo di un banco di prova triassiale installato presso la galleria del vento GVPM del Politecnico di Milano. Dopo aver discusso i fondamenti teorici, lo studio identifica e affronta le principali sfide, principalmente i ritardi presenti nel loop dovuti alla dinamica degli attuatori, sistema di misura e filtri. Le soluzioni proposte vengono validate attraverso simulazioni numeriche e i risultati sono presentati.
Delay compensation in a real-time hybrid simulation of a bridge deck section under wind excitation
Milan, Filippo
2023/2024
Abstract
The Real-Time Hybrid Simulation (RTHS) testing methodology, often referred to as Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL), has seen widespread adoption across various engineering applications in recent years. By dividing the system under study into two complementary subdomains, one numerically simulated and the other physically tested, this approach enables a comprehensive investigation of a complex phenomena. These range from full-scale testing of non-linear components, such as dampers, to simulating the dynamic behavior of scaled structures in fields like earthquake and wind engineering. With respect the established testing techniques, the RTHS method stands out for its flexibility, rapid configuration, cost-effectiveness after the initial setup validation and, most of all, it can replicate realistic testing conditions that might be unattainable using traditional methods. This thesis aims to implement the RTHS technique to test a sectional model of the Julsundet Bridge deck, a long-span suspension bridge located in Norway. The experimental setup involves a three-axis test rig housed at the GVPM Wind Tunnel, Politecnico di Milano. After discussing the theoretical foundations, the study identifies and addresses key challenges, notably the delays present in the loop due to the actuator's dynamics, measurements system and filtering. The proposed solutions are validated through numerical simulations and the results presented.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_04_Milan.pdf
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2025_04_Milan_Executive_Summary.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/235618