The rapid evolution of the Fintech sector has led to a profound transformation in financial services, driven by mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and strategic partnerships between traditional financial institutions and emerging Fintech firms. This thesis investigates the role of these corporate strategies in shaping the competitive landscape, fostering innovation, and addressing regulatory and operational challenges. Through a dual approach combining theoretical analysis and empirical research, this study explores the motivations, mechanisms, and outcomes of both M&A and partnerships between financial incumbents and Fintech. The empirical section is based on qualitative insights gathered from interviews with industry experts, Financial Institutions executives, and financial analysts, offering a first-hand perspective on the key drivers, risks, and success factors on incumbent-startup collaborations. Findings indicate that M&A in Fintech is primarily driven by technological acquisition and market expansion, with incumbent financial institutions leveraging these deals to accelerate digital transformation. On the other hand, partnerships are emerging as a preferred alternative to full acquisitions, allowing firms to capitalize on complementary strengths while mitigating risks related to organizational and regulatory mismatches. The research highlights three key trends: 1. Hybrid Collaboration Models – Firms are increasingly adopting a mix of equity investments, partnerships, and API-based integrations instead of outright acquisitions. 2. Regulatory Influence – The evolving regulatory landscape is shaping M&A and partnership structures, influencing the strategic choices of both Fintechs and incumbents. 3. Short-termism – Financial incumbents often prioritize short-term, market-ready solutions over long-term visionary projects. These insights contribute to the ongoing academic debate on corporate strategy in financial services and offer practical implications for industry players navigating the complex mission of driving digital innovation through the sector.
La rapida evoluzione del settore Fintech ha portato a una profonda trasformazione nei servizi finanziari, guidata da operazioni di mergers and acquisitions (M&A) e da partnership strategiche tra istituzioni finanziarie tradizionali e aziende Fintech emergenti. Questa tesi indaga il ruolo di queste strategie aziendali nel modellare il panorama competitivo, favorire l’innovazione e affrontare le sfide normative e operative. Attraverso un duplice approccio che combina analisi teorica e ricerca empirica, questo studio esplora le motivazioni, i meccanismi e i risultati delle operazioni di M&A e delle partnership tra operatori finanziari tradizionali e Fintech. La sezione empirica si fonda su approfondimenti qualitativi raccolti tramite interviste a esperti del settore, dirigenti di istituzioni finanziarie e analisti finanziari, offrendo una prospettiva diretta sui principali fattori trainanti, sui rischi e sui fattori di successo delle collaborazioni tra incumbent e startup. I risultati indicano che le operazioni di M&A nel Fintech sono principalmente motivate dall'acquisizione di tecnologie e dall'espansione del mercato, con le istituzioni finanziarie tradizionali che sfruttano queste operazioni per accelerare la trasformazione digitale. D’altro canto, le partnership stanno emergendo come un'alternativa preferita rispetto alle acquisizioni complete, permettendo alle aziende di sfruttare punti di forza complementari e mitigare i rischi legati a disallineamenti organizzativi e regolatori. La ricerca evidenzia tre tendenze chiave: 1. Modelli di Collaborazione Ibrida – Le aziende stanno adottando un mix di investimenti azionari, partnership e integrazioni basate su API, piuttosto che acquisizioni dirette. 2. Influenza Regolatoria – L’evoluzione del quadro normativo sta influenzando la struttura delle operazioni di M&A e delle partnership, condizionando le scelte strategiche sia delle Fintech che degli operatori tradizionali. 3. Short-termism – Gli incumbent finanziari tendono a privilegiare soluzioni a breve termine e pronte per il mercato, piuttosto che progetti visionari a lungo termine. Queste intuizioni contribuiscono al dibattito accademico sulla strategia aziendale nei servizi finanziari e offrono implicazioni pratiche per gli operatori del settore, impegnati nella complessa missione di guidare l’innovazione digitale.
Fintech and financial institutions: the strategic role of partnerships
Campinoti, Valerio
2024/2025
Abstract
The rapid evolution of the Fintech sector has led to a profound transformation in financial services, driven by mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and strategic partnerships between traditional financial institutions and emerging Fintech firms. This thesis investigates the role of these corporate strategies in shaping the competitive landscape, fostering innovation, and addressing regulatory and operational challenges. Through a dual approach combining theoretical analysis and empirical research, this study explores the motivations, mechanisms, and outcomes of both M&A and partnerships between financial incumbents and Fintech. The empirical section is based on qualitative insights gathered from interviews with industry experts, Financial Institutions executives, and financial analysts, offering a first-hand perspective on the key drivers, risks, and success factors on incumbent-startup collaborations. Findings indicate that M&A in Fintech is primarily driven by technological acquisition and market expansion, with incumbent financial institutions leveraging these deals to accelerate digital transformation. On the other hand, partnerships are emerging as a preferred alternative to full acquisitions, allowing firms to capitalize on complementary strengths while mitigating risks related to organizational and regulatory mismatches. The research highlights three key trends: 1. Hybrid Collaboration Models – Firms are increasingly adopting a mix of equity investments, partnerships, and API-based integrations instead of outright acquisitions. 2. Regulatory Influence – The evolving regulatory landscape is shaping M&A and partnership structures, influencing the strategic choices of both Fintechs and incumbents. 3. Short-termism – Financial incumbents often prioritize short-term, market-ready solutions over long-term visionary projects. These insights contribute to the ongoing academic debate on corporate strategy in financial services and offer practical implications for industry players navigating the complex mission of driving digital innovation through the sector.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_04_Campinoti_ExSum.pdf
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2025_04_Campinoti_Tesi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/235848