A new cooling line, known as Garret, has recently been installed at the Caleotto plant as an alternative to the pre-existing Stelmor line. This innovation enables the rolling of wire rods with larger diameters (up to 32 mm) and allows for slower cooling rates, facilitating the production of softer steels. The objective of this study is threefold. First, the mechanical characterization of the produced material is carried out and compared with that cooled using the Stelmor line through mechanical testing and metallographic analysis. Second, a numerical model is developed to simulate the cooling process of wire rods in different operating configurations. To this end, the thermophysical properties of the materials, the wire rod geometry, and the main heat transfer mechanisms governing the cooling process have been precisely defined. The model has been progressively refined, starting from a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation to a more complex three-dimensional approach, capable of representing both plant configurations (open and closed hood systems). Finally, a possible application of the developed numerical model is presented, combining the cooling curves obtained through simulation with the CCT diagrams of the analyzed materials. This approach allows for the estimation of the microstructure of the final product and consequently its mechanical properties.
Nell’impianto di Caleotto è stata recentemente installata una nuova linea di raffreddamento, denominata Garret, come alternativa alla preesistente linea Stelmor. Questa innovazione consente la laminazione di vergelle di diametri maggiori (fino a 32 mm) e permette di ottenere raffreddamenti più lenti, favorendo la produzione di acciai più dolci. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è triplice. In primo luogo, si intende caratterizzare meccanicamente il materiale prodotto e confrontarlo con quello raffreddato mediante la linea Stelmor, attraverso prove meccaniche e analisi metallografiche. In secondo luogo, viene sviluppato un modello numerico per la simulazione del processo di raffreddamento delle vergelle in diverse configurazioni operative. A tal fine, sono state definite con precisione le proprietà termofisiche dei materiali, la geometria delle vergelle e i principali meccanismi di scambio termico. Il modello è stato progressivamente affinato, partendo da una formulazione bidimensionale assialsimmetrica fino a una più complessa tridimensionale, capace di rappresentare entrambe le configurazioni dell’impianto (cappe aperte e cappe chiuse). Infine, viene proposta un’applicazione del modello numerico sviluppato, combinando le curve di raffreddamento ottenute mediante simulazione con i diagrammi CCT dei materiali analizzati. Questo approccio consente di stimare la microstruttura del prodotto finale e, di conseguenza, le sue proprietà meccaniche.
Caleotto new Garret line: thermal modeling and characterization of wire rod mechanical properties
Gaggini, Giacomo;SANGALLI, MARCO
2023/2024
Abstract
A new cooling line, known as Garret, has recently been installed at the Caleotto plant as an alternative to the pre-existing Stelmor line. This innovation enables the rolling of wire rods with larger diameters (up to 32 mm) and allows for slower cooling rates, facilitating the production of softer steels. The objective of this study is threefold. First, the mechanical characterization of the produced material is carried out and compared with that cooled using the Stelmor line through mechanical testing and metallographic analysis. Second, a numerical model is developed to simulate the cooling process of wire rods in different operating configurations. To this end, the thermophysical properties of the materials, the wire rod geometry, and the main heat transfer mechanisms governing the cooling process have been precisely defined. The model has been progressively refined, starting from a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation to a more complex three-dimensional approach, capable of representing both plant configurations (open and closed hood systems). Finally, a possible application of the developed numerical model is presented, combining the cooling curves obtained through simulation with the CCT diagrams of the analyzed materials. This approach allows for the estimation of the microstructure of the final product and consequently its mechanical properties.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Executive_Summary___Scuola_di_Ingegneria_Industriale_e_dell_Informazione___Politecnico_di_Milano.pdf
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Thesis__Caleotto_new_Garret_line__thermal_modeling_and_characterization_of_wire_rod_mechanical_properties.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/236103