The ‘Quadrilatero of San Siro’, a public housing estate built between the 1930s and 1950s, is one of the largest districts in Milan. Although it was built on the outskirts of the city, the city has grown around the district, making it a well-connected, semi-central location. Today, its history is told as that of an inner-city suburb, marked by exclusion and marginality – and it is generally seen as the city's most notorious socially disadvantaged area, with buildings left to decay. In 2019, a hypothetical proposal was presented by Massimo Roj and Gianni Verga to demolish the Quadrilatero as an illustration of a method for regenerating Milan's social housing estates. This demolition proposal raises questions that this thesis aims to address in a global and local research. A panorama of case studies examines the demolition of large public housing estates. And what would the demolition of the existing San Siro district mean? To answer these questions, an in-depth understanding of the neighbourhood is needed. With around 10,000 residents, San Siro is a complex, dynamic place. Today, the district is home to many people with a history of migration, many social vulnerabilities overlap, and housing is often below official standards. In the local research, building on the co-research of the OffCampus San Siro, a differentiated picture of the neighbourhood can be drawn through conversations with residents and local actors, through mapping of the residential typologies and tenancies, which makes visible not only the challenges but also the potential. Because it is also a neighbourhood in which there remains an important promise to a city with affordable housing. How can an approach be taken to valorise the Quadrilatero and offering an alternative to this potential and an improvement of the housing qualities? The German term ‘Weiterbauen’ – literally ‘to continue building’ – expresses the idea of building as an ongoing transformation that reconciles continuity and interruption, preservation and renewal. Rather than a radical tabula rasa, ‘Weiterbauen’ involves adaptation, conversion and gradual transformation. In the current context of crises and a development to sustainable construction, this approach raises questions also about the regeneration of large public housing estates. On this basis, a pilot project was developed for the southern part of the neighbourhood as a more process-based transformation. The pilot project aims to work between the improvement of housing qualities, the development of a common ground and the strengthening of everyday services, in cooperation with the existing neighbourhood community and the involvement of a neighboorhood comittee and institutions in the planning process. Rather than a final design, the project is intended as an alternative approach to Roj and Verga's method: it regards demolition not as a universal solution, but as an intentional instrument in a toolbox of a variety of strategies - between built and participatory measures within continuous process of valorising existing neighbourhoods.
Il “Quadrilatero di San Siro” è un complesso di edilizia residenziale popolare costruito tra gli anni Trenta e Cinquanta, uno dei quartieri più grandi di Milano. Pur essendo nato in periferia, il quartiere è stato inglobato dalla crescita urbana della città, che lo ha trasformato in una zona ben collegata e semi-centrale. Oggi, la sua storia è raccontata come quella di un sobborgo interno alla città, segnato da esclusione e marginalità, spesso ritratto come la zona più svantaggiata della città, con i suoi edifici lasciati al degrado. Nel 2019, Massimo Roj e Gianni Verga hanno presentato un'ipotetica proposta di demolizione del Quadrilatero come esempio di metodo per la rigenerazione dei quartieri popolari di Milano. Questa proposta di demolizione solleva questioni che questa tesi intende affrontare in una ricerca globale e locale. Un panorama di casi studio esamina la demolizione di grandi complessi di edilizia popolare. E cosa comporta la demolizione dell'attuale quartiere di San Siro? Per rispondere a queste domande è necessaria una conoscenza approfondita del quartiere. Con circa 10.000 residenti, San Siro è un luogo complesso e dinamico. Oggi il quartiere accoglie molte persone con una storia di migrazione, molte vulnerabilità sociali si sovrappongono e le abitazioni sono spesso sotto gli standard ufficiali. Nella ricerca locale, basata sulla co-ricerca dell'OffCampus San Siro, è possibile tracciare un quadro differenziato del quartiere attraverso conversazioni con i residenti e gli attori locali, attraverso la mappatura delle tipologie residenziali e delle locazioni, che rende visibili non solo le sfide ma anche il potenziale. Infatti, San Siro conserva ancora una promessa fondamentale: una città accessibile a tutti, con alloggi a prezzi contenuti. Come si può adottare un approccio per valorizzare il Quadrilatero e offrire un'alternativa a questo potenziale e un miglioramento delle qualità abitative? Il termine tedesco “Weiterbauen”, letteralmente “continuare a costruire”, esprime l'idea di costruzione come trasformazione continua che concilia continuità e interruzione, conservazione e rinnovamento. Piuttosto che una tabula rasa radicale, Weiterbauen implica una trasformazione progressiva. Nell'attuale contesto di crisi e preoccupazioni per la sostenibilità, questo approccio solleva anche interrogativi sulla valorizzazione dei grandi complessi di edilizia popolare. Su questa base, è stato sviluppato un progetto pilota per la zona Sud del quartiere, come trasformazione basata sui processi. Il progetto pilota prevede di lavorare sul miglioramento della qualità abitativa, sulla creazione di un terreno comune e sul potenziamento dei servizi quotidiani, in stretta collaborazione con la comunità del quartiere e promuovendo il loro coinvolgimento nel processo di pianificazione con le istituzioni. Piuttosto che un progetto definitivo, il progetto è inteso come un approccio alternativo al metodo di Roj e Verga: considera la demolizione non come una soluzione universale, ma come uno strumento intenzionale in un insieme di strategie diverse, tra misure costruite e partecipative all'interno di un processo continuo di valorizzazione dei quartieri esistenti.
San Siro Weiterbauen. Integrated strategies for the transformation of public housing beyond demolition
Kitz, Josephine Maria Katharina
2023/2024
Abstract
The ‘Quadrilatero of San Siro’, a public housing estate built between the 1930s and 1950s, is one of the largest districts in Milan. Although it was built on the outskirts of the city, the city has grown around the district, making it a well-connected, semi-central location. Today, its history is told as that of an inner-city suburb, marked by exclusion and marginality – and it is generally seen as the city's most notorious socially disadvantaged area, with buildings left to decay. In 2019, a hypothetical proposal was presented by Massimo Roj and Gianni Verga to demolish the Quadrilatero as an illustration of a method for regenerating Milan's social housing estates. This demolition proposal raises questions that this thesis aims to address in a global and local research. A panorama of case studies examines the demolition of large public housing estates. And what would the demolition of the existing San Siro district mean? To answer these questions, an in-depth understanding of the neighbourhood is needed. With around 10,000 residents, San Siro is a complex, dynamic place. Today, the district is home to many people with a history of migration, many social vulnerabilities overlap, and housing is often below official standards. In the local research, building on the co-research of the OffCampus San Siro, a differentiated picture of the neighbourhood can be drawn through conversations with residents and local actors, through mapping of the residential typologies and tenancies, which makes visible not only the challenges but also the potential. Because it is also a neighbourhood in which there remains an important promise to a city with affordable housing. How can an approach be taken to valorise the Quadrilatero and offering an alternative to this potential and an improvement of the housing qualities? The German term ‘Weiterbauen’ – literally ‘to continue building’ – expresses the idea of building as an ongoing transformation that reconciles continuity and interruption, preservation and renewal. Rather than a radical tabula rasa, ‘Weiterbauen’ involves adaptation, conversion and gradual transformation. In the current context of crises and a development to sustainable construction, this approach raises questions also about the regeneration of large public housing estates. On this basis, a pilot project was developed for the southern part of the neighbourhood as a more process-based transformation. The pilot project aims to work between the improvement of housing qualities, the development of a common ground and the strengthening of everyday services, in cooperation with the existing neighbourhood community and the involvement of a neighboorhood comittee and institutions in the planning process. Rather than a final design, the project is intended as an alternative approach to Roj and Verga's method: it regards demolition not as a universal solution, but as an intentional instrument in a toolbox of a variety of strategies - between built and participatory measures within continuous process of valorising existing neighbourhoods.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_04_Kitz_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis Booklet
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2025_04_Kitz_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis Boards
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20.86 MB
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20.86 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/236481