In today’s increasingly complex financial markets, where participants operate with varying levels of information and strategic objectives, the challenge of executing large trades efficiently remains a central concern for large market participants. At the core of this thesis lies a principal–agent model that captures the key challenges associated with delegated execution. Combining insights from market microstructure, stochastic control, and contract theory, the work develops a rigorous and structured framework for analyzing how execution strategies and incentive mechanisms can be jointly optimized. Particular emphasis is placed on execution benchmarks, especially the Volume Weighted Average Price, and on adaptive strategies such as Participation of Volume, which dynamically respond to prevailing liquidity conditions. By focusing on settings characterized by asymmetric information, the study shows how VWAP-linked contracts can align incentives even when the executing dealer holds private information. This framework is further extended to incorporate models of informed trading, highlighting how strategic behavior and private signals influence both market impact and the optimal design of contracts. To operationalize these insights, the analysis employs dynamic programming techniques, which provide the mathematical foundation for deriving optimal execution strategies in settings characterized by uncertainty and incomplete information. Overall, this work contributes to the understanding of how execution can be optimized in environments shaped by informational asymmetries and strategic complexity.
Nell’attuale contesto dei mercati finanziari, sempre più complessi e caratterizzati da una forte eterogeneità informativa e strategica, l’esecuzione efficiente di ordini di grandi dimensioni rappresenta una delle sfide centrali per gli operatori di maggior rilievo. Questo lavoro affronta il problema dell’execution ottimale in un quadro contrattuale che coinvolge un rapporto tra mandante e intermediario, modellando in modo esplicito le criticità legate alla delega operativa. Integrando concetti provenienti dalla microstruttura dei mercati, dal controllo stocastico e dalla teoria dei contratti, viene sviluppato un modello teorico solido e strutturato per analizzare congiuntamente le strategie di esecuzione e i meccanismi incentivanti. Un’attenzione particolare è riservata ai benchmark di esecuzione, in primis al Volume Weighted Average Price, e a strategie adattive come la Participation of Volume, capaci di adeguarsi dinamicamente alle condizioni di liquidità del mercato. Attraverso l’analisi di scenari caratterizzati da informazione asimmetrica, si dimostra come contratti legati al VWAP possano allineare gli incentivi anche in presenza di informazione privata da parte dell’intermediario. L’analisi si estende inoltre ai contesti di trading informato, evidenziando come il comportamento strategico e la disponibilità di segnali informativi privilegiati influenzino l’impatto sul mercato e la progettazione dei contratti. A supporto di questo modello vengono impiegati strumenti di programmazione dinamica, che permettono di derivare strategie ottimali in ambienti caratterizzati da incertezza e informazioni incomplete. In sintesi, il lavoro contribuisce a una più profonda comprensione dell’execution in ambito professionale, offrendo spunti teorici e pratici per operare in mercati dominati da asimmetrie informative e comportamenti strategici.
Contractual design for optimal execution across strategic environments
BURDESE, FEDERICO
2024/2025
Abstract
In today’s increasingly complex financial markets, where participants operate with varying levels of information and strategic objectives, the challenge of executing large trades efficiently remains a central concern for large market participants. At the core of this thesis lies a principal–agent model that captures the key challenges associated with delegated execution. Combining insights from market microstructure, stochastic control, and contract theory, the work develops a rigorous and structured framework for analyzing how execution strategies and incentive mechanisms can be jointly optimized. Particular emphasis is placed on execution benchmarks, especially the Volume Weighted Average Price, and on adaptive strategies such as Participation of Volume, which dynamically respond to prevailing liquidity conditions. By focusing on settings characterized by asymmetric information, the study shows how VWAP-linked contracts can align incentives even when the executing dealer holds private information. This framework is further extended to incorporate models of informed trading, highlighting how strategic behavior and private signals influence both market impact and the optimal design of contracts. To operationalize these insights, the analysis employs dynamic programming techniques, which provide the mathematical foundation for deriving optimal execution strategies in settings characterized by uncertainty and incomplete information. Overall, this work contributes to the understanding of how execution can be optimized in environments shaped by informational asymmetries and strategic complexity.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/239731