Urban shrinkage can be defined as a “set of economic, demographic, physical and/or social regressive dynamics taking place in the urban space” (Armondi, 2011: 40-41, translated by me). It began to spread in the 1970s and 1980s driven by major global economic and social changes, that negatively impacted on many cities; today shrinking cities are no longer an exception, they are a widespread reality. This study analyses urban shrinkage in the context of medium-sized cities of three European mediterranean countries: Italy, France and Spain. The aim is to study the geographical – spatial dimensions of the phenomenon, using an urban-planning oriented approach; first, trajectories of shrinkage within the three national contexts are identified, then, to go more in depth, three case studies (Taranto, Bourges and León) were selected, in which three aspects are examined: the regional and local drivers of shrinkage , the spatial effects of decline on the urban fabric, and the level to which it is integrated into planning instruments. In light of the analysis, it can be hypothesized that a geographically marginal location may negatively impact on a city’s dynamics, contributing to its decline. Moreover, it has been observed that the spatial dimension of shrinkage is often neglected, resulting in a lack of data and methodologies to study the phenomenon from a morphological perspective. Finally, it has been emerged that, in some cases, planning proves to be inadequate to a shrinking city’s needs: updated plans are used, or, worse, projects are developed just to get funds, even without a clear strategic vision.
L’urban shrinkage può essere definito come “un insieme di dinamiche economiche, demografiche, fisiche e/o sociali regressive che si verificano nello spazio urbano” (Armondi, 2011: 40-41). Si è diffuso a partire dagli anni ’70-’80 a causa di profondi cambiamenti economici e sociali a livello globale, che hanno avuto impatti negativi su molte città; oggi le shrinking cities non sono più un’eccezione ma una realtà diffusa. Questo elaborato approfondisce l’urban shrinkage nel contesto delle città medie di tre Paesi dell’Europa mediterranea: l’Italia, la Francia e la Spagna. L’obiettivo è quello di studiare la dimensione geografico-spaziale del fenomeno con un approccio specificamente urbanistico, in primo luogo, cercando di identificare le traiettorie della contrazione nei tre contesti nazionali di riferimento e poi, per andare più a fondo, selezionando tre casi studio (Taranto, Bourges, León) in cui esaminare: le cause regionali/locali dello shrinkage, gli effetti spaziali della contrazione sul tessuto urbano, il livello di integrazione del fenomeno negli strumenti di pianificazione. Alla luce di questi approfondimenti è stato possibile ipotizzare che la collocazione in un contesto geograficamente marginale possa avere un impatto negativo sulle dinamiche di una città, favorendone il declino. Si è osservato, inoltre, che la componente spaziale dello shrinkage risulta spesso trascurata, con una conseguente carenza di dati e metodi per studiare il fenomeno dal punto di vista morfologico. Infine, è emerso che, in alcuni casi, la pianificazione non risulta adeguata alle esigenze di una città in contrazione: vengono utilizzati piani urbanistici obsoleti, o, peggio, si elaborano progetti solo per l’ottenimento di fondi, anche in assenza di una visione strategica.
L'urban shrinkage nelle città medie dell'Europa mediterranea: uno studio urbanistico
Galozzi, Laura
2024/2025
Abstract
Urban shrinkage can be defined as a “set of economic, demographic, physical and/or social regressive dynamics taking place in the urban space” (Armondi, 2011: 40-41, translated by me). It began to spread in the 1970s and 1980s driven by major global economic and social changes, that negatively impacted on many cities; today shrinking cities are no longer an exception, they are a widespread reality. This study analyses urban shrinkage in the context of medium-sized cities of three European mediterranean countries: Italy, France and Spain. The aim is to study the geographical – spatial dimensions of the phenomenon, using an urban-planning oriented approach; first, trajectories of shrinkage within the three national contexts are identified, then, to go more in depth, three case studies (Taranto, Bourges and León) were selected, in which three aspects are examined: the regional and local drivers of shrinkage , the spatial effects of decline on the urban fabric, and the level to which it is integrated into planning instruments. In light of the analysis, it can be hypothesized that a geographically marginal location may negatively impact on a city’s dynamics, contributing to its decline. Moreover, it has been observed that the spatial dimension of shrinkage is often neglected, resulting in a lack of data and methodologies to study the phenomenon from a morphological perspective. Finally, it has been emerged that, in some cases, planning proves to be inadequate to a shrinking city’s needs: updated plans are used, or, worse, projects are developed just to get funds, even without a clear strategic vision.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/239850