Milk and dairy have long been acknowledged as fundamental to a healthy and balanced diet and as a source of nutrients like proteins and vitamins which contribute to growth and development. Today, billions of people worldwide continue to include dairy products such as milk, cheese and yogurt, in their diets. However, the traditional dairy industry faces several issues because of its environmental impact, which includes GHG emissions, water usage, land exploitation, and animal welfare issues. Challenged by these obstacles, more recently, lab-grown dairies have gained attention as a disruptive and innovative technology which can offer alternatives to milk, and dairy products obtained via fermentation-based, and animal-cell cultured based cellular agriculture. This thesis, through the approach of the multi-level perspective as theoretical framework, assesses the sustainable socio-technical transition of cultivated milk and dairy products based on cellular agriculture from the niche to the dominant regime. The study is developed around an overarching research question: how can cultivated milk and dairy products based on cellular agriculture establish themselves as the dominant regime in the dairy products industry? Then, two specific research questions are addressed to support this investigation: research question 1 (RQ1), i.e., what are the key drivers and barriers influencing the entry and growth of the cultivated milk and dairy niche in the dairy products industry? and research question 2 (RQ2), i.e., what are the potential transition pathways that could enable cultivated milk and dairy products to scale up and replace conventional dairy as the new dominant regime in the dairy products industry? Beginning with an analysis of the literature and combining it with research findings through qualitative interviews, the current state of the cultivated dairy niche, the actual condition of the dairy regime, and macro-trends influencing at the landscape level are explored in depth, especially considering EU boundaries. The results of the analysis are discussed to identify the main drivers that could support its introduction, the barriers that prevent its development, and based on these, possible transition trajectories are outlined over the short, medium, and long term.
Il latte e i latticini sono da tempo riconosciuti come fondamentali per una dieta sana ed equilibrata e come fonte di nutrienti quali proteine e vitamine che contribuiscono alla crescita e allo sviluppo. Oggi, miliardi di persone in tutto il mondo continuano a includere nella loro dieta prodotti lattiero-caseari quali latte, formaggio e yogurt. Tuttavia, l'industria lattiero-casearia tradizionale deve affrontare diverse problematiche legate al suo impatto ambientale, che comprende emissioni di gas serra, consumo idrico, sfruttamento del suolo e questioni relative al benessere degli animali. Di fronte a questi ostacoli, più recentemente, i prodotti lattiero-caseari ottenuti tramite agricoltura cellulare, con fermentazione di precisione e coltura di cellule animali in laboratorio, hanno attirato l'attenzione come tecnologia dirompente e innovativa in grado di offrire alternative al latte e ai prodotti lattiero-caseari tradizionali. Questa tesi, attraverso l'approccio della prospettiva di multi-livello come base teorica, valuta la transizione socio-tecnica sostenibile del latte e dei prodotti lattiero-caseari coltivati con agricoltura cellulare da nicchia a regime dominante. Lo studio è sviluppato attorno a una domanda di ricerca generale: come possono il latte e i prodotti lattiero-caseari coltivati ottenuti tramite agricoltura cellulare affermarsi come regime dominante nell'industria dei prodotti lattiero-caseari? Quindi, vengono affrontate due domande di ricerca specifiche a supporto di questa indagine: domanda di ricerca 1 (RQ1), ovvero quali sono i fattori chiave e gli ostacoli che influenzano l'ingresso e la crescita della nicchia del latte e dei prodotti lattiero-caseari coltivati all’interno dell'industria dei prodotti lattiero-caseari? e domanda di ricerca 2 (RQ2), ovvero quali sono i potenziali percorsi di transizione che potrebbero consentire al latte e ai prodotti lattiero-caseari coltivati di espandersi e sostituire i prodotti lattiero-caseari convenzionali come nuovo regime dominante nell'industria lattiero-casearia? Partendo da un'analisi della letteratura e combinandola con i risultati della ricerca attraverso interviste qualitative, vengono esplorati in profondità lo stato attuale della nicchia dei prodotti lattiero-caseari coltivati, le condizioni attuali del regime lattiero-caseario e le macro-tendenze che influenzano il panorama generale, soprattutto all’interno del panorama Europeo. I risultati dell'analisi vengono discussi per identificare i principali fattori che potrebbero favorirne l'introduzione, gli ostacoli che ne impediscono lo sviluppo e, sulla base di questi, vengono delineate le possibili traiettorie di transizione a breve, medio e lungo termine.
Assessing the transition towards lab-grown dairy: a multi-level perspective on drivers of, and barriers to, take up and potential transition pathways
Tassone, Greta
2024/2025
Abstract
Milk and dairy have long been acknowledged as fundamental to a healthy and balanced diet and as a source of nutrients like proteins and vitamins which contribute to growth and development. Today, billions of people worldwide continue to include dairy products such as milk, cheese and yogurt, in their diets. However, the traditional dairy industry faces several issues because of its environmental impact, which includes GHG emissions, water usage, land exploitation, and animal welfare issues. Challenged by these obstacles, more recently, lab-grown dairies have gained attention as a disruptive and innovative technology which can offer alternatives to milk, and dairy products obtained via fermentation-based, and animal-cell cultured based cellular agriculture. This thesis, through the approach of the multi-level perspective as theoretical framework, assesses the sustainable socio-technical transition of cultivated milk and dairy products based on cellular agriculture from the niche to the dominant regime. The study is developed around an overarching research question: how can cultivated milk and dairy products based on cellular agriculture establish themselves as the dominant regime in the dairy products industry? Then, two specific research questions are addressed to support this investigation: research question 1 (RQ1), i.e., what are the key drivers and barriers influencing the entry and growth of the cultivated milk and dairy niche in the dairy products industry? and research question 2 (RQ2), i.e., what are the potential transition pathways that could enable cultivated milk and dairy products to scale up and replace conventional dairy as the new dominant regime in the dairy products industry? Beginning with an analysis of the literature and combining it with research findings through qualitative interviews, the current state of the cultivated dairy niche, the actual condition of the dairy regime, and macro-trends influencing at the landscape level are explored in depth, especially considering EU boundaries. The results of the analysis are discussed to identify the main drivers that could support its introduction, the barriers that prevent its development, and based on these, possible transition trajectories are outlined over the short, medium, and long term.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_07_Tassone_Executive Summary.pdf
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2025_07_Tassone.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/239875