The accelerating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is reshaping global transportation and energy landscapes, necessitating robust and versatile charging infrastructures. This thesis provides a comprehensive review of power electronic converter topologies employed in grid-connected EV charging systems across various power levels. Initially, the thesis explores EVs' role in sustainable transportation, highlighting the importance of charging infrastructure as a key enabler of grid compatibility, technical performance, and renewable integration. Subsequently, the study categorizes charging technologies into onboard and offboard architectures, comparing their suitability for residential, commercial, and high-power charging scenarios, including detailed assessments of standard connectors, charging methods, and system-level integration strategies. A systematic classification of AC–DC and DC–DC converter topologies is presented, emphasizing critical attributes such as isolation, bidirectionality, modularity, and resonance. Notable topologies discussed include Dual Active Bridge (DAB), Vienna rectifier, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), and resonant converters such as LLC and CLLC. Furthermore, specialized control strategies tailored for converter operation—addressing efficiency optimization, power factor correction, bidirectional capabilities, and multiport coordination—are extensively analyzed. An application-oriented evaluation framework is introduced to map topologies to practical deployment contexts such as residential chargers, public fast-charging stations, and heavy-duty vehicle depots. Finally, the thesis outlines future trends and research directions, emphasizing advanced modular converters, wireless charging technologies, and integration with smart grids and renewable energy sources.
La crescente diffusione dei veicoli elettrici (EV) sta ridefinendo il panorama globale dei trasporti e dell’energia, rendendo necessarie infrastrutture di ricarica robuste e flessibili. Questa tesi presenta una revisione completa delle topologie di convertitori elettronici di potenza utilizzate nei sistemi di ricarica EV connessi alla rete, considerando diversi livelli di potenza. Si analizza inizialmente il ruolo degli EV nella mobilità sostenibile, evidenziando l’importanza delle infrastrutture di ricarica per garantire compatibilità con la rete, prestazioni tecniche e integrazione rinnovabile. La tesi classifica le tecnologie di ricarica in architetture onboard e offboard, valutandone l’idoneità per contesti residenziali, pubblici e ad alta potenza. Vengono confrontati connettori standard, metodi di ricarica e strategie di integrazione. Le topologie AC–DC e DC–DC vengono sistematizzate, evidenziando aspetti chiave come isolamento, bidirezionalità, modularità e risonanza. Sono trattate soluzioni come DAB, Vienna, MMC e convertitori LLC/CLLC. Sono infine analizzate strategie di controllo per l’efficienza, il fattore di potenza e la gestione multiporta, proponendo un quadro applicativo per diversi scenari. Si delineano infine le tendenze future, come la ricarica wireless, i convertitori modulari e l’integrazione nelle smart grid.
Analysis and comparison of power converter topologies for grid-connected EV chargers across different power levels
ZHANG, HAO
2024/2025
Abstract
The accelerating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is reshaping global transportation and energy landscapes, necessitating robust and versatile charging infrastructures. This thesis provides a comprehensive review of power electronic converter topologies employed in grid-connected EV charging systems across various power levels. Initially, the thesis explores EVs' role in sustainable transportation, highlighting the importance of charging infrastructure as a key enabler of grid compatibility, technical performance, and renewable integration. Subsequently, the study categorizes charging technologies into onboard and offboard architectures, comparing their suitability for residential, commercial, and high-power charging scenarios, including detailed assessments of standard connectors, charging methods, and system-level integration strategies. A systematic classification of AC–DC and DC–DC converter topologies is presented, emphasizing critical attributes such as isolation, bidirectionality, modularity, and resonance. Notable topologies discussed include Dual Active Bridge (DAB), Vienna rectifier, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), and resonant converters such as LLC and CLLC. Furthermore, specialized control strategies tailored for converter operation—addressing efficiency optimization, power factor correction, bidirectional capabilities, and multiport coordination—are extensively analyzed. An application-oriented evaluation framework is introduced to map topologies to practical deployment contexts such as residential chargers, public fast-charging stations, and heavy-duty vehicle depots. Finally, the thesis outlines future trends and research directions, emphasizing advanced modular converters, wireless charging technologies, and integration with smart grids and renewable energy sources.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_07_Zhang.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/239967