This thesis investigates the ways in which Lean Soft Practices (LSPs) shape organisational culture and play a pivotal role in successful, long-term lean implementations. Although the technical dimension of lean management has been extensively examined, this study foregrounds the cultural infrastructure that supports such initiatives, positioning LSPs as critical enablers for the deep and enduring embedding of lean principles within organisations. Building on a structured literature review and a multi-sector empirical study, the research develops a framework comprising fifteen LSPs. Their cultural orientation is assessed through the Competing Values Framework (CVF) via a questionnaire administered to academic experts in lean management. In parallel, semi-structured interviews were conducted across three sectors (fashion, logistics and food) to explore sector-specific implementation patterns and to determine whether industry context and the timing of adoption influence the practices employed. A novel vector-based visualisation methodology quantifies each sector’s position within the CVF, allowing rigorous comparison across the Clan, Adhocracy, Market and Hierarchy archetypes. The findings reveal that initial adoption is strongly conditioned by the industrial context, whereas increasing lean maturity drives a cultural evolution from control-oriented practices towards greater collaboration, innovation and strategic coherence. In mature clusters, the cultural profile converges towards a more symmetrical configuration across the quadrants, suggesting that high lean maturity can transcend contextual constraints and promote a cross-sector model of cultural integration.
Questa tesi indaga in che modo le Lean Soft Practices (LSPs) modellano la cultura organizzativa e ricoprono un ruolo importante nelle implementazioni lean di successo e a lungo termine. Sebbene la dimensione tecnica del lean management sia stata ampiamente esaminata, il presente studio mette in primo piano l’infrastruttura culturale che sostiene tali implementazioni, collocando le LSP quali abilitatori critici per un radicamento profondo e duraturo dei principi lean all’interno delle organizzazioni. Basandosi su una revisione strutturata della letteratura e su uno studio empirico multi-settoriale, la ricerca elabora un quadro comprendente quindici LSPs. Il loro orientamento culturale è valutato attraverso il Competing Values Framework (CVF) mediante un questionario somministrato a esperti accademici di lean management. In parallelo, sono state condotte interviste semi-strutturate in tre settori differenti (moda, logistica e alimentare) esplorando i pattern di implementazione specifici di settore, al fine di valutare se il settore e la precocità dell’adozione incidano sulle pratiche utilizzate. Una nuova metodologia di visualizzazione basata su vettori geometrici quantifica la posizione di ciascun settore all’interno del CVF, consentendo un confronto rigoroso fra gli archetipi Clan, Adhocracy, Market e Hierarchy. I risultati rivelano che l’adozione iniziale è fortemente condizionata dal contesto industriale, mentre l’aumento della maturità lean guida un’evoluzione culturale da pratiche orientate al controllo verso una maggiore collaborazione, innovazione e coerenza strategica. Nei cluster maturi, il profilo culturale converge verso una configurazione più simmetrica rispetto ai diversi quadranti, suggerendo che un’elevata maturità lean possa trascendere i vincoli contestuali e promuovere un modello trans-settoriale di integrazione culturale.
Relationship between lean soft practices and organisational culture: impacts of sector and earliness of adoption
Zacchetti, Davide;Viganò, Giacomo
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis investigates the ways in which Lean Soft Practices (LSPs) shape organisational culture and play a pivotal role in successful, long-term lean implementations. Although the technical dimension of lean management has been extensively examined, this study foregrounds the cultural infrastructure that supports such initiatives, positioning LSPs as critical enablers for the deep and enduring embedding of lean principles within organisations. Building on a structured literature review and a multi-sector empirical study, the research develops a framework comprising fifteen LSPs. Their cultural orientation is assessed through the Competing Values Framework (CVF) via a questionnaire administered to academic experts in lean management. In parallel, semi-structured interviews were conducted across three sectors (fashion, logistics and food) to explore sector-specific implementation patterns and to determine whether industry context and the timing of adoption influence the practices employed. A novel vector-based visualisation methodology quantifies each sector’s position within the CVF, allowing rigorous comparison across the Clan, Adhocracy, Market and Hierarchy archetypes. The findings reveal that initial adoption is strongly conditioned by the industrial context, whereas increasing lean maturity drives a cultural evolution from control-oriented practices towards greater collaboration, innovation and strategic coherence. In mature clusters, the cultural profile converges towards a more symmetrical configuration across the quadrants, suggesting that high lean maturity can transcend contextual constraints and promote a cross-sector model of cultural integration.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_07_Viganò_Zacchetti_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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2025_07_Viganò_Zacchetti_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/240203