The study of cleantech crowdfunding is increasingly essential in the context of growing environmental challenges and the urgent need for sustainable solutions. As traditional funding sources are still constrained, crowdfunding presents a viable alternative to fi nance innovative projects that address climate change and promote sustainability. This thesis explores the opportunities presented by the crowdfunding mechanism within the European cleantech market. The research employs a data-driven approach, using web scraping methodologies to collect relevant data from Kickstarter, focusing specifically on clean technologies projects in Europe. The classification of cleantech campaigns was au tomated using AI, resulting in the identification of 1,240 campaigns categorised as either Cleantech Ecosystems or Cleantech Innovators. This automated process was comple mented by a manual verification step, ensuring the accuracy of the classification. The findings highlight the importance of community engagement in crowdfunding suc cess, particularly in the cleantech sector. The distribution of technological categories reveals significant trends that may influence market evolution and technology develop ment. Emotional aspects and cultural dynamics play a crucial role in shaping funding behaviours, suggesting that citizens in certain countries are more inclined to support cam paigns that actively engage their communities. Despite a slight slowdown in the number of cleantech crowdfunding campaigns launched between 2009 and 2025, a slight increase in success rates has been observed in recent years. The analysis reveals that the main countries that adopt this mechanism include the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, with Germany emerging as a particularly innovative market. In contrast, Italy’s crowd funding efforts have not achieved the same level of success; nevertheless, a slightly less negative trend is registered for the cleantech sector, where the Italian market seems to be more reactive and attractive.
Lo studio del crowdfunding nel settore cleantech è sempre più essenziale nel contesto delle crescenti sfide ambientali e dell’urgente necessità di soluzioni sostenibili. Poiché le fonti di finanziamento tradizionali sono ancora limitate, il crowdfunding rappresenta un’alternativa valida per finanziare progetti innovativi che sfidano il cambiamento cli matico e promuovono la sostenibilità. Questa tesi esplora le opportunità offerte dal mec canismo di crowdfunding all’interno del mercato cleantech europeo. La ricerca adotta un approccio basato sui dati, utilizzando metodologie di web scraping per raccogliere dati rilevanti da Kickstarter, concentrandosi nello specifico sui progetti che trattano le tecnolo gie pulite in Europa. La classificazione delle campagne cleantech è stata automatizzata utilizzando l’intelligenza artificiale (IA), portando all’identificazione di 1,240 campagne categorizzate come Cleantech Ecosystems o Cleantech Innovators. Questo processo au tomatizzato è stato completato da un passaggio di verifica manuale, così garantendo l’accuratezza della classificazione. I risultati evidenziano l’importanza del coinvolgimento della comunità nel successo del crowdfunding, in particolare nel settore cleantech. Aspetti emotivi e dinamiche culturali giocano un ruolo cruciale nel plasmare i comportamenti di finanziamento, suggerendo che i cittadini di alcuni paesi sono più inclini a supportare campagne che coinvolgono attiva mente le loro comunità. Nonostante un leggero rallentamento nel numero di campagne di corwdfunding in ambito cleantech lanciate tra il 2009 e il 2025, è stato osservato un leg gero un’incremento dei tassi di successo negli ultimi anni. L’analisi rivela che i principali paesi che adottano questo meccanismo sono il Regno Unito, la Germania e la Francia, con la Germania che emerge come un mercato particolarmente innovativo. Al contrario, gli sforzi di crowdfunding in Italia non hanno raggiunto lo stesso livello di successo; tut tavia, si registra una tendenza leggermente meno negativa per il settore cleantech, dove il mercato italiano sembra essere più reattivo e attraente.
European cleantech crowdfunding: an AI data-driven exploration
Tenuta, Alessandro
2024/2025
Abstract
The study of cleantech crowdfunding is increasingly essential in the context of growing environmental challenges and the urgent need for sustainable solutions. As traditional funding sources are still constrained, crowdfunding presents a viable alternative to fi nance innovative projects that address climate change and promote sustainability. This thesis explores the opportunities presented by the crowdfunding mechanism within the European cleantech market. The research employs a data-driven approach, using web scraping methodologies to collect relevant data from Kickstarter, focusing specifically on clean technologies projects in Europe. The classification of cleantech campaigns was au tomated using AI, resulting in the identification of 1,240 campaigns categorised as either Cleantech Ecosystems or Cleantech Innovators. This automated process was comple mented by a manual verification step, ensuring the accuracy of the classification. The findings highlight the importance of community engagement in crowdfunding suc cess, particularly in the cleantech sector. The distribution of technological categories reveals significant trends that may influence market evolution and technology develop ment. Emotional aspects and cultural dynamics play a crucial role in shaping funding behaviours, suggesting that citizens in certain countries are more inclined to support cam paigns that actively engage their communities. Despite a slight slowdown in the number of cleantech crowdfunding campaigns launched between 2009 and 2025, a slight increase in success rates has been observed in recent years. The analysis reveals that the main countries that adopt this mechanism include the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, with Germany emerging as a particularly innovative market. In contrast, Italy’s crowd funding efforts have not achieved the same level of success; nevertheless, a slightly less negative trend is registered for the cleantech sector, where the Italian market seems to be more reactive and attractive.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/240387