This research investigates the interface between heritage conservation and environmental sustainability, recognizing their shared essential perspective in alignment with the UN 2030 Agenda, the European Green Deal, and the Sustainable Development Goals. While heritage conservation benefits present and future generations, contributing to social and economic well-being, the conservation profession itself must embrace sustainable practices and contribute to the broader environmental transition. The restoration sector has shown a pioneering attitude in advancing innovation and quality toward a greener paradigm, often anticipating trends in the wider construction industry. Environmental protection projects, sustainability reporting, and green marketing campaigns for products and services are increasingly common, reflecting the emergence of a new conservation culture characterized by terms such as green, eco, and bio. However, despite growing interest, a comprehensive understanding of what constitutes green conservation within cultural heritage is still lacking. Existing literature on environmental sustainability, though extensive, offers limited insight into this emerging concept, resulting in a fragmented and underdeveloped framework. This research addresses this gap by systematically examining green conservation through three interconnected lenses: current thinking, terminology and regulations, and emerging greener practices. Framed within the PON program, which supports PhD research on green topics and fosters collaboration between academia and industry, this study adopts a dual approach: the Word, a theoretical exploration of the concepts and terminology associated with green conservation in cultural heritage, and the Thing, an applied-entrepreneurial component, conducted through an internship with Assorestauro Servizi, focused on the environmental strategies and commitments of companies in the conservation sector. Drawing from both theoretical frameworks and practical applications, this research aims to bridge the gap between discourse and practice, advancing a holistic understanding of green conservation. Chapter 1 clarifies foundational concepts, exploring how sustainability entered the conservation field, examining its broader historical context through an analysis of relevant regulations, scientific literature, and governmental milestones. Chapter 2 provides a semantic analysis of green-related terms in conservation, exploring how the scientific community and the sector are addressing this concept, expanding/overcoming the toxicological issue. Chapter 3 presents a comparative inventory of novel greener products used in the preservation site, introducing new green metrics to evaluate the greenness of these solutions. Chapter 4 analyzes corporate sustainability practices in the Italian conservation sector, exploring the level of adoption of sustainable practices, how this adoption is measured, and how it manifests itself. In conclusion, this work highlights several critical issues within the evolving concept of green conservation, including the absence of unified standards for certifying the sustainability of materials and products used in conservation, the lack of regulatory frameworks in responding to market demands, and the tendency of stakeholders to invest in self-promotion based on green narratives, often lacking measurable evidence of a lower environmental impact and, consequently, greater sustainability of the products and services offered. Lastly, the research introduces a reflection on the reciprocal relationship between sustainability and the conservation sector: how the concept of sustainability is transforming the market, and conversely, how greener practices and products adopted by conservation professionals are contributing to new interpretations of sustainability within the field.
Questa ricerca riflette sul rapporto tra restauro e sostenibilità ambientale, riconoscendo una matrice comune coerente con i principi dell’Agenda 2030, del Green Deal europeo e degli Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile. Pur salvaguardando il patrimonio per le generazioni presenti e future e contribuendo al progresso sociale ed economico, la disciplina della conservazione è chiamata a ripensare i propri paradigmi metodologici alla luce delle istanze ambientali contemporanee. In questo scenario, il settore del restauro si configura come un ambito d’avanguardia, capace di anticipare le trasformazioni in atto nel comparto edilizio attraverso l’adozione di soluzioni innovative orientate a un processo operativo greener. Progetti di tutela ambientale, rendicontazione di sostenibilità e campagne di green marketing applicate a beni e servizi testimoniano la diffusione di una nuova cultura della conservazione, contraddistinta da una crescente enfasi su termini quali green, eco e bio. Tuttavia, nonostante il crescente interesse da parte del settore e della comunità scientifica, il significato profondo e strutturato di green conservation nel contesto dei beni culturali risulta ancora indefinito, frammentario e privo di un impianto teorico strutturato. La letteratura scientifica sulla sostenibilità ambientale, per quanto ampia, offre solo marginali strumenti di comprensione per questo nuovo campo di studio. La ricerca si propone di affrontare questa lacuna, attraverso un’indagine sistematica articolata su tre poli interconnessi: le linee di pensiero, la terminologia e le normative, e le pratiche emergenti più sostenibili. Inserito nel contesto del programma PON - che promuove la ricerca dottorale su tematiche green e la collaborazione tra mondo accademico e impresa - il progetto adotta una struttura metodologica duale: la Parola, dedicata all’elaborazione teorica e all’analisi semantica dei concetti chiave legati alla green conservation, e la Cosa, una componente applicativo-imprenditoriale svolta attraverso un tirocinio presso Assorestauro Servizi, focalizzata sull’analisi delle strategie ambientali e degli impegni di sostenibilità delle imprese attive nel settore della conservazione. Attraverso questa integrazione, la ricerca intende contribuire a una visione olistica della green conservation, superando la dicotomia tra discorso e prassi. Il Capitolo 1 definisce i concetti fondanti e ricostruisce l’evoluzione storica del rapporto tra conservazione e sostenibilità, con particolare attenzione a fonti normative, milestones istituzionali e letteratura tecnico-scientifica. Il Capitolo 2 sviluppa un’analisi semantica dei principali termini green nel lessico della conservazione, indagando le dinamiche di diffusione, accettazione e rielaborazione critica, anche in rapporto alla questione tossicologica. Il Capitolo 3 propone una mappatura comparativa di prodotti greener innovativi utilizzati nel cantiere conservativo, introducendo metriche sperimentali per valutarne il grado di greenness. Il Capitolo 4 analizza le pratiche di sostenibilità adottate dalle realtà italiane del settore, esaminando il livello di implementazione, gli strumenti di misurazione e le modalità con cui tali pratiche si manifestano. In conclusione, il lavoro evidenzia diverse criticità del concetto emergente di green conservation: l’assenza di standard unificati per certificare la sostenibilità dei materiali e dei prodotti impiegati nella conservazione, la carenza di un quadro normativo capace di rispondere alle richieste del mercato e la tendenza degli operatori economici a investire in autopromozione tramite narrazioni green, spesso prive di evidenze misurabili sull’effettiva riduzione dell’impatto ambientale e, quindi, sulla reale sostenibilità di prodotti e servizi. Infine, la ricerca introduce una riflessione sul rapporto reciproco tra sostenibilità e settore della conservazione: da un lato, come il concetto di sostenibilità stia trasformando il mercato, e dall’altro, come pratiche e prodotti più sostenibili adottati dai professionisti della conservazione stiano contribuendo a ridefinire il significato stesso di sostenibilità all’interno del settore.
Conservation goes greener : the word and the thing are contemporary
Turrina, Anna
2024/2025
Abstract
This research investigates the interface between heritage conservation and environmental sustainability, recognizing their shared essential perspective in alignment with the UN 2030 Agenda, the European Green Deal, and the Sustainable Development Goals. While heritage conservation benefits present and future generations, contributing to social and economic well-being, the conservation profession itself must embrace sustainable practices and contribute to the broader environmental transition. The restoration sector has shown a pioneering attitude in advancing innovation and quality toward a greener paradigm, often anticipating trends in the wider construction industry. Environmental protection projects, sustainability reporting, and green marketing campaigns for products and services are increasingly common, reflecting the emergence of a new conservation culture characterized by terms such as green, eco, and bio. However, despite growing interest, a comprehensive understanding of what constitutes green conservation within cultural heritage is still lacking. Existing literature on environmental sustainability, though extensive, offers limited insight into this emerging concept, resulting in a fragmented and underdeveloped framework. This research addresses this gap by systematically examining green conservation through three interconnected lenses: current thinking, terminology and regulations, and emerging greener practices. Framed within the PON program, which supports PhD research on green topics and fosters collaboration between academia and industry, this study adopts a dual approach: the Word, a theoretical exploration of the concepts and terminology associated with green conservation in cultural heritage, and the Thing, an applied-entrepreneurial component, conducted through an internship with Assorestauro Servizi, focused on the environmental strategies and commitments of companies in the conservation sector. Drawing from both theoretical frameworks and practical applications, this research aims to bridge the gap between discourse and practice, advancing a holistic understanding of green conservation. Chapter 1 clarifies foundational concepts, exploring how sustainability entered the conservation field, examining its broader historical context through an analysis of relevant regulations, scientific literature, and governmental milestones. Chapter 2 provides a semantic analysis of green-related terms in conservation, exploring how the scientific community and the sector are addressing this concept, expanding/overcoming the toxicological issue. Chapter 3 presents a comparative inventory of novel greener products used in the preservation site, introducing new green metrics to evaluate the greenness of these solutions. Chapter 4 analyzes corporate sustainability practices in the Italian conservation sector, exploring the level of adoption of sustainable practices, how this adoption is measured, and how it manifests itself. In conclusion, this work highlights several critical issues within the evolving concept of green conservation, including the absence of unified standards for certifying the sustainability of materials and products used in conservation, the lack of regulatory frameworks in responding to market demands, and the tendency of stakeholders to invest in self-promotion based on green narratives, often lacking measurable evidence of a lower environmental impact and, consequently, greater sustainability of the products and services offered. Lastly, the research introduces a reflection on the reciprocal relationship between sustainability and the conservation sector: how the concept of sustainability is transforming the market, and conversely, how greener practices and products adopted by conservation professionals are contributing to new interpretations of sustainability within the field.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Turrina_thesis.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis
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Turrina_appendices.pdf
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Descrizione: Appendices
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/241057