The digitization of Facility Management (FM) is changing how organizations work, manage resources, and give value within the built environment. A big reason for this transformation is how much Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are used. However, even with fast technological progress, ICT integration in FM remains inconsistent in all fields and places. This study addresses that gap through a combination of literature review and empirical research with FM stakeholders. The literature review looks at main ICT tools, including CAFM, BIM, IoT platforms, and AI, and shows both their potential benefits and important challenges, particularly around data quality, human readiness, and integration. Building on this foundation, the research investigates three key questions: the perceived benefits of ICT, the barriers to its implementation, and how FM stakeholders engage with digital tools in practice. To explore these themes, a structured questionnaire was distributed to 72 professionals across Italy (mostly focus on Milan) and elsewhere. The results show that while ICT is valued for improving efficiency, especially in maintenance, tracking, and coordination, its impact remains limited in areas like AI, energy optimization, and user experience. Organizational challenges, such as poor strategy, limited training, and resistance to change, were reported more frequently than technical limitations. The study ends by saying that ICT adoption must be seen as a strategic and cultural change, not just a technical upgrade. Practical recommendations are offered for building digital readiness, strengthening governance, and aligning ICT investments with organizational goals. The research contributes both theoretical and applied insights into how FM can grow in a digitally connected future.
La digitalizzazione del Facility Management (FM) sta trasformando il modo in cui le organizzazioni gestiscono edifici, risorse e servizi. L’adozione delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione e della Comunicazione (ICT) è un elemento centrale di questo cambiamento, ma l’integrazione effettiva delle tecnologie digitali nel FM risulta ancora disomogenea tra settori e contesti geografici. Questo studio affronta tale divario attraverso una revisione della letteratura e un’indagine empirica basata sulle esperienze degli stakeholder del FM. La revisione analizza strumenti ICT come CAFM, BIM, IoT e intelligenza artificiale, mettendo in evidenza sia i benefici attesi sia le difficoltà legate a dati, competenze, strategie e resistenze culturali. La ricerca si concentra su tre domande chiave: quali sono i benefici percepiti dell’ICT, quali ostacoli ne limitano l’adozione e come gli attori del FM interagiscono con gli strumenti digitali nella pratica. Un questionario strutturato è stato somministrato a 72 professionisti del FM in Italia (principalmente a Milano) e in altri Paesi. I risultati mostrano che l’ICT è apprezzato soprattutto per il miglioramento dell’efficienza operative, nella manutenzione, nel monitoraggio degli spazi e nella coordinazione, ma l’impatto è ancora limitato in ambiti come AI, performance energetica e soddisfazione degli utenti. Le barriere più frequenti sono organizzative: mancanza di strategia, formazione insufficiente e frammentazione dei sistemi. Lo studio conclude che l’adozione dell’ICT richiede un cambiamento non solo tecnologico, ma anche strategico e culturale. Vengono fornite raccomandazioni pratiche per rafforzare la governance digitale, migliorare l’integrazione dei dati e aumentare la preparazione interna. La ricerca contribuisce a una comprensione più profonda dell’evoluzione del FM nell’era digitale.
ICT in facility management: stakeholder perspectives on benefits and implementation challenges
FARAHANI, PANIZ;Saghaei, Sina
2024/2025
Abstract
The digitization of Facility Management (FM) is changing how organizations work, manage resources, and give value within the built environment. A big reason for this transformation is how much Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are used. However, even with fast technological progress, ICT integration in FM remains inconsistent in all fields and places. This study addresses that gap through a combination of literature review and empirical research with FM stakeholders. The literature review looks at main ICT tools, including CAFM, BIM, IoT platforms, and AI, and shows both their potential benefits and important challenges, particularly around data quality, human readiness, and integration. Building on this foundation, the research investigates three key questions: the perceived benefits of ICT, the barriers to its implementation, and how FM stakeholders engage with digital tools in practice. To explore these themes, a structured questionnaire was distributed to 72 professionals across Italy (mostly focus on Milan) and elsewhere. The results show that while ICT is valued for improving efficiency, especially in maintenance, tracking, and coordination, its impact remains limited in areas like AI, energy optimization, and user experience. Organizational challenges, such as poor strategy, limited training, and resistance to change, were reported more frequently than technical limitations. The study ends by saying that ICT adoption must be seen as a strategic and cultural change, not just a technical upgrade. Practical recommendations are offered for building digital readiness, strengthening governance, and aligning ICT investments with organizational goals. The research contributes both theoretical and applied insights into how FM can grow in a digitally connected future.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: ICT in Facility Management: Stakeholder Perspectives on Benefits and Implementation Challenges
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/243128